Editing Subpoena (section)

==Etymology==
[[File:Subpoena usgs.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Example of subpoena in the case ''[[Anderson v. Cryovac]]''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://serc.carleton.edu/woburn/resources/trial_documents.html |title=Example Copy of Subpoena in Anderson v. Cryovac landmark case}}</ref>]]
The term ''subpoena'' is from the [[Middle English]] ''suppena'' and the Latin phrase ''sub [[poena]]'' meaning "under penalty".<ref>[[Webster's Dictionary|Webster's]] New Collegiate Dictionary, p. 1160 (8th ed. 1976).</ref> It is also spelled "subpena".<ref name=":0">See, e.g., {{usc|18|1429}}; {{uscsub|18|3333|c|1}}; {{uscsub|18|1968|c}}; and {{usc|28|1365}}.</ref> The subpoena has its source in [[English law|English common law]] and it is now used almost with universal application throughout the English common law world. [[John Waltham]], [[Bishop of Salisbury]], is said to have created the [[writ]] of subpoena during the reign of [[Richard II of England|Richard II]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Curtis |first1=John |title=A School and College History of England |date=1860 |publisher=Simpkin, Marshall and Co. |page=139 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s71XAAAAcAAJ&q=subpoena+power+originated+king+richard&pg=PA139 |access-date=1 May 2017}}</ref> However, for civil proceedings in England and Wales, it is now described as a '''witness summons''', as part of reforms to replace Latin terms with [[Plain English]] understandable to the [[layman]].