Editing Sundance Resort (section)

==History==
The area known today as the Sundance Resort in the North Fork canyon was surveyed in the mid-1800s by Andrew Jackson Stewart Jr. and his sons, Andrew, Scott, and John Stewart. While working for the U.S. government, they discovered the view of Mt. Timpanogos. They each received 160 acres of land under the [[Homestead Act]], and nearby lots were given to family members. Soon, members of the Stewart family erected log cabins. By 1911, they owned 2,200 acres and were raising sheep and cattle. They formed a company, North Folk Investment Co., to share income and protect the land. The area was known as "Stewart Flats" after the large number of Stewart family members living in the area.<ref name="a history of sundance">{{cite book|last1=Stewart|first1=Justin|title=A history of Sundance, Utah|date=1987}}</ref>{{rp|1}}

Until 1920, "Stewart Flats" was connected to the wider world by a single unpaved road with a grade of 18 to 20 degrees on the last half mile. It was referred to as the "big dugway" due to the trench formed from dragging large trees down the road. In the early 1920s, the Utah County Commission built an automobile road that passed through "Stewart Falls" as it connected the towns of Aspen Grove and Wildwood.<ref name="a history of sundance"/>{{rp|9–12}}

===Hiking trails===
[[Mount Timpanogos]] became a popular mountain to hike after 1912, when Eugene L. Roberts, a professor at [[Brigham Young University]] opened a hiking trail and began taking students.<ref name="Timp popularity Deseret News">{{cite news|last1=Carter|first1=Edward L.|title=Timp path began hike to popularity 85 years ago|work=Deseret News|date=14 Jul 1997}}</ref> The Timpanogos Hike began after mid-July when there was a full moon. The night before the hike, participants would gather for a celebration that usually had a bonfire. A favorite part of the celebration was the enactment of the "Legend of Timpanogos" that tells the story of an Indian princess who falls in love with a soldier who goes off to war; the soldier did not return, but she watched and waited for him atop Mount Timpanogos until she died.<ref name="a history of sundance" />{{rp|25}} Roberts' event spawned an annual Timpanogos Hike.

In 1922, the Forest Service over the Wasatch National Forest, part of the [[United States Department of Agriculture]], requested to put in a trail that crossed part of the property owned by the North Folk Investment Co,<ref name="before sundance dpt of agri">{{Citation
| last  = Dana
| first = Parkinson
| chapter = United States Department of Agriculture Letter
| date = March 27, 1876
| editor-last  = Anderson
| editor-first = Barbara Stewart
| title  = Early Mormon Documents
| volume = 1
| publisher = Raymond R. Stewart
| publication-date = 2005
| isbn = 1-58308-398-7
}}</ref> The Stewart family appreciated the hikes since they brought more popularity to the area.<ref name="a history of sundance" />{{rp|26}} Today, the trails around the Sundance Mountain Resort offer views of North Fork and Stewart Falls. Many trails also feature plaques to mark flora and fauna in the area and are lined with benches.<ref name="The Herald alps of UT" /> There are also three major biking trails at Sundance that even have ski-lift service after Memorial Day weekend.<ref name="Biking Trails">{{cite web|title=Sundance Resort Biking Trails|url=http://www.utahmountainbiking.com/trails/sundance.htm|website=Utah Mountain Biking|access-date=23 August 2016}}</ref>

[[File:Mt Timpanogos panaramic.jpg|center|thumb|650px|Panoramic view of [[Mount Timpanogos]]]]

===Timp Haven===
Ski races began on the Mount Timpanogos Glacier during the annual Timp hike in July 1941. The race was a slalom race. This race was held again in 1947, 1948, and 1949. A ski area later opened as Timp Haven in 1944.<ref name="tbrfn"/> The name was chosen by a contest in which anyone could submit their suggestion. Ruth Biddulph submitted the winning name of Timp Haven and was given a season pass.<ref name="Before Sundance" /> Timp Haven was owned by S. Paul Stewart and run with the help of his brother Ray Stewart for over twenty years.<ref name="tbrfn"/> Paul managed the slopes, built the ski lodge, and installed the water system. Ray Stewart was responsible for clearing and developing the Timp Haven Ski Resort and contributed to the original rope tow used. Hilda Stewart, Paul's wife, had a cafe on the resort property and served hamburgers and other meals to ski guests. Paul later purchased the interests of other members of the Stewart family, which altogether owned between 3,000 and 4,000 acres of the property.<ref name="The Herald alps of UT">{{cite news|last1=Christensen|first1=La Verl|title=The Alps of Utah<!--file:///C:/Users/hbll-scmwiki/Downloads/Book.pdf-->|work=The Herald Magazine|date=26 Dec 1984}}</ref> The investment in the land in North Fork never paid dividends for the North Fork Investment Company owners.<ref name="a history of sundance" />{{rp|32}}

[[File:Rustic Accounting (12097507636).jpg|thumb|Rustic accounting office at Sundance Mountain Resort]]

The resort had a [[rope tow]]<ref name="tbrfn"/> that was built by J.W. Daniel, who had tried to make a tow in Hobble Creek Canyon near [[Springville, Utah]]. The tow was powered by a Chevrolet truck, but was unsuccessful in that area. The Timpanogos Mountain Club persuaded Daniel to bring the tow to North Fork Canton. The tow was not ready for winter of 1944, and so it was abandoned by the club. Ray Stewart  bought the truck and equipment and overhauled it to create a working tow to run on Saturdays and Sundays. The tow was difficult to use, however, because some of the roads leading to the resort were not plowed regularly making it difficult to drive the truck, and cold mornings caused the vehicle to freeze over. The tow pulled skiers 500 feet up the mountain. In addition, When Timp Haven opened, the creek was closer to the hill than it is today, so skiers had to make a quick turn at the bottom to avoid falling into the water. Ski season at Timp Haven started around Christmas and lasted until early March. A day pass to ski was only $1, and due to lighting installed by Provo City, Timp Haven allowed night skiing on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays.<ref name="Before Sundance">{{cite book| last1  = Anderson
| first1 = Barbara Stewart
| title  = Before Sundance: Ray Stewart and Timp Haven
| publisher = Raymond R. Stewart
| date = 2005
| isbn = 1-58308-398-7}}</ref> While owned by the Stewart family, the ski area was closed on Sundays.<ref name=bpfrst>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=o3kqAAAAIBAJ&pg=4923%2C4363906 |newspaper=Deseret News |title=Busy place, fine resort |last=Kadleck |first=Dave |date=January 23, 1965|page=A5}}</ref> 
Timp Haven also held ski races that were sponsored by various local organizations like the Timpanogos Ski Club or the Hoover Cup.<ref name="Before Sundance" /> The Timponogos Mountain Club cleared an area on the east hill and built a 45-foot ski jump.<ref name="Provo new ski center">{{cite news|title=Provo to Have New Ski Center|work=The Deseret News}}</ref>

Ski classes at the resort were started by Jessie Scofield, the supervisor of Provo City Recreation, in the winter of 1946. Professors at [[Brigham Young University]] also started ski classes, bringing buses of students in the afternoons. By that time, Timp Haven also had a tubing and toboggan hill. The Stewart family began expansion in 1947, and a [[T-bar lift]] was added at the base in 1948 (the same year as the ski jump was rebuilt)<ref name="Before Sundance" /> which was about {{convert|1000|ft|-1}} in length,<ref name="tbrfn">{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=FqVYAAAAIBAJ&pg=4950%2C1446383 |newspaper=Deseret News |title=Timp Haven boasts new 'T' tow |date=December 7, 1949 |page=A13 }}</ref> The lower terminal was seated on a platform that was 14 feet in the air. A 1938 Ford truck provided the power for the lift. This lift ran until 1953 when<ref name="rays lift the 1st">{{cite news|last1=Zimmerman|first1=Josephine|title='Ray's Lift' was the first ski lift in Provo Canyon|work=Mountainland Centennial|agency=The Daily Herald|date=10 Mar 1996}}</ref> a single chairlift was added in the fall. It had a length of about {{convert|2500|ft|-1}}.<ref name=nepiath>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=2d4qAAAAIBAJ&pg=3764%2C3073052 |newspaper=Deseret News |title=New equipment put in at Provo's Timp Haven |date=November 18, 1953|page=8B }}</ref><ref name=thrsprpo>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JQArAAAAIBAJ&pg=5291%2C2671798 |newspaper=Deseret News |last=Perry |first=Leo |title=Timp Haven resort proves popularity |date=January 15, 1960 |page=8B }}</ref> The first double chairlift was installed in the fall of 1965 and replaced the lower single chair and an upper T-bar, vertically climbing {{convert|1400|ft|-1}}.<ref name=thanchl>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nvwyAAAAIBAJ&pg=3773%2C1320781|newspaper=Deseret News |last=Perry |first=Leo |title=Timp Haven adds chair lift |date=January 8, 1966 |page=A5 }}</ref> It had an accident the following July which resulted in two fatalities.<ref name=tkislpl>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=6XsvAAAAIBAJ&pg=7124%2C3217711|newspaper=Deseret News|last=Perry |first=Leo |title=2 killed in ski lift plunge |date=July 15, 1966 |page=1B}}</ref> The resort continued expanding, however, and a lodge was built in 1957 (whose foundation is under the General Store and Grill Room today). A [[Surface lift|poma lift]] was added in 1958. A modern [[ski lift]], the Mandan, was installed in 1964 and the two [[T-bar lift]]s were removed. The Navajo lift was installed in 1969, and the Arrowhead lift in 1985.<ref name="the sundancer history of skiing">{{cite news|last1=Sive|first1=Walter|title=History of skiing at Sundace began in the 1940s|work=The Sundancer|date=1991}}</ref>

===Ownership under Robert Redford===
The Stewart family built a [[Subdivision (land)|subdivision]] on "Stewart Flats" in the 1960s called Timp Haven Homes. [[Robert Redford]] purchased a 2-acre lot.<ref name="a history of sundance" />{{rp|48}} Later, in August 1968, Redford purchased the entirety of Timp Haven, the land that is now known as Sundance,<ref name=smfthv/><ref name=sunreadyr>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nYohAAAAIBAJ&pg=6504%2C3362902|newspaper=Deseret News |last=Rea |first=Dorothy O. |title=Sundance readies year-round fun |date=September 15, 1969 |page=10B}}</ref><ref name="Down and Dirty Pictures"/>{{rp|11}} The resort was renamed from Timp Haven to Sundance, after the role Redford played in the 1969 [[film]] ''[[Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid]]''.<ref name=sunreadyr/> The resort of Sundance is not to be confused with the town of [[Sundance, Wyoming]], the location from which the [[Sundance Kid]] received his name.  Redford's [[1972 in film|1972]] film ''[[Jeremiah Johnson (film)|Jeremiah Johnson]]'' was filmed near the resort.<ref name=hsiacst>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7cxSAAAAIBAJ&pg=4229%2C2821875 |newspaper=Deseret News|title='Hot' show in a 'cool' setting |date=August 11, 1973 |page=6D }}</ref>

Because of its lower elevation, the resort had a shorter ski season than its competitors. In order to increase revenue, Redford wanted to create an [[Aspen, Colorado|Aspen]]-like atmosphere and use the resort to promote the arts and draw in Hollywood stars. The Sundance Film Festival was held at the resort to help it achieve this purpose.<ref name="Down and Dirty Pictures">{{cite book|last1=Biskind|first1=Peter|title=Down and Dirty Pictures|date=January 2005|publisher=Simon & Schuster|isbn=9780684862583|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/downdirtypicture00bisk}}</ref>{{rp|11}}

====Sundance Institute and Film Festival====
In November 1979, Redford held a 3-day conference for filmmakers and professional artists at the Sundance Mountain Resort. The goal of the event was to promote indie filmmakers. These efforts laid the foundation for what would become the [[Sundance Institute]].<ref name="Down and Dirty Pictures" />{{rp|8–13}} In 1981, the Sundance Institute was founded to foster and celebrate the diversity of [[American filmmaking]].<ref name="About us">{{cite web|title=Our Story|url=http://www.sundance.org/about/us|website=About Us|publisher=Sundance Institute|access-date=23 August 2016}}</ref>

[[File:Taika Waititi (24694773629).jpg|thumb|left|[[Taika Waititi]] at the Sundance Film Festival in 2016]]

The U.S. Film Festival, first held in 1978, was organized by the Sundance Institute from 1985 onward.<ref name="Sundancing">{{cite book|last1=Anderson|first1=John|title=Sundancing: Hanging Out And Listening In At America's Most Important Film Festival|date=January 2000|publisher=Harper Paperbacks|isbn=9780380804801|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/sundancinghangin00ande}}</ref>{{rp|3}} In 1991, the name was officially changed to the Sundance Film Festival.<ref name="Sundance.org">{{cite web|url=https://www.sundance.org/festival-history/ |title=Festival History |website=sundance.org |access-date=2025-01-24}}</ref> Redford hosted the 1985 festival, the first under the auspices of Sundance.<ref name="seasons of sundance">{{cite news|last1=Cantrell|first1=John|title=The Seasons of Sundance|url=http://eds.a.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?sid=62847555-999e-4113-8338-cf753844c31b%40sessionmgr4008&vid=0&hid=4202&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=9107327&db=f6h|access-date=23 August 2016|work=Town & Country|date=Nov 2002}}</ref> He was reluctant to take control of the festival, and in its early years, it was "regarded by many [film] distributors as toxic".<ref name="Down and Dirty Pictures" />{{rp|29}} However, the 1989 festival gained wider recognition after its showing of [[Steven Soderbergh]]'s ''[[Sex, Lies, and Videotape]]''. Although it has increased in popularity, the film festival has maintained its support of the making and distribution of indie films.<ref name="Sundancing" />{{rp|3–5}}

Today, the [[Sundance Film Festival]] is held each year in January and primarily {{convert|30|mi|-1}} north in [[Park City, Utah|Park City]], and is a popular and well-known competition for [[indie film|independent film]] makers. It is the largest independent film festival in the [[United States]], and also one of the largest in the world. It features documentaries, large films and small films. The festival receives over 9,000 submissions, and around 200 are featured. More than 50,000 people attend the festival each year.<ref name="indie wire">{{cite web|url=http://www.indiewire.com/festival/sundance_film_festival |title=Sundance Film Festival |website=Indiewire.com |date=2013-01-27 |access-date=2016-01-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405063448/http://www.indiewire.com/festival/sundance_film_festival|archive-date=5 April 2016}}</ref>

The small town that surrounds the resort is home to 28 full-time residents, with many residents living in the area more than 50 years.{{citation needed|date=August 2016}} Several notable people have owned residencies in the Sundance Resort properties, including [[Sydney Pollack]], [[William Devane]], and [[Daniel Melnick]].<ref name="The Herald alps of UT" />

===New ownership===

Robert Redford reached an agreement to sell the 2,600-acre resort to Broadreach Capital Partners and Cedar Capital Partners. He announced the sale<ref name="sltrib.com">{{Cite web|title=Exclusive: Robert Redford sells Sundance Mountain Resort to pair of high-end resort firms|url=https://sltrib.com/news/2020/12/11/exclusive-robert-redford|access-date=2020-12-12|website=The Salt Lake Tribune|language=en-US}}</ref> to employees on December 11, 2020.

Though the resort has been Redford's Utah home for more than a half-century, it also "created a lot of weight for me to be carrying around", Redford told the ''Salt Lake Tribune''<ref name="sltrib.com"/> in December 2020, ahead of the announcement of the sale. "I had been searching for years for the right people to take it to the next level, so that I could take that weight off my shoulders and enjoy my life".

As part of the sale, Broadreach and Cedar have committed to continue Redford's policies of responsible development and land preservation. The resort's 2,600 acres include 1,845 acres that are preserved through a conservation easement and protective covenants.