Editing Swoosh (section)

==History==
The Nike Swoosh corporate trademark was created in 1971 by [[Carolyn Davidson (graphic designer)|Carolyn Davidson]] while she was a [[graphic design]] student at Portland State University. Davidson started as a journalism major but switched to design after taking a design course to "fill an empty elective."<ref>{{Cite web|title=Portland State Fearless {{!}} Carolyn Davidson: Fearless Icon-Maker|url=http://www.pdx.edu/fearless/carolyn-davidson-fearless-icon-maker|access-date=2016-06-26|website=www.pdx.edu}}</ref> She attained a bachelor in graphic design in 1971.<ref name=":1" /> It was here that she met Phil Knight, who was at the time teaching accounting classes at the university. Knight had overheard that Davidson was in search of extra funds for her to take oil painting classes, so he offered to pay Davidson to do some [[freelance]] work for his company, then named Blue Ribbon Sports (BRS). Knight offered to pay Davidson $2 per hour (equivalent to ${{Inflation|US|2|1971}}&nbsp;per hour in {{Inflation/year|US}}) for the work that she completed.<ref name=":4">{{cite news |url=https://creativemarket.com/blog/2015/08/21/the-35-nike-logo-and-the-woman-who-designed-it |title=The $35 Nike Logo and the Woman Who Designed It |date=2015-08-21 |publisher=Creative Market}}</ref> For seven years after its founding in 1964, BRS primarily imported [[Onitsuka Tiger]] brand running shoes from [[Japan]]. In 1971, Knight decided to launch his own brand of shoes, which would first appear as cleated shoes for football or soccer, and had a factory in [[Mexico]] ready to make the shoes. All Knight needed was a "stripe"—the industry term for a shoe logo—to go with his new brand, so he approached Davidson for design ideas. He had asked Davidson to make sure the stripe conveyed motion and did not look similar to the three stripes of [[Adidas]]. Over the ensuing weeks, she created at least a half-dozen marks and gathered them together to present to Knight, Bob Woodell and Jeff Johnson (two BRS executives) at the company's home office, at the time, it was located in [[Tigard, Oregon]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4" />

[[File:Nike swoosh logo71.png|thumb|200px|The logo designed by Davidson for Nike in 1971, for which she was paid $35. The emblem, with some later revisions, has remained as the company logo since then, becoming one of sport's most iconic images.]]
They ultimately selected the mark now known globally as the Swoosh, a shape inspired by the wings of the Greek goddess Nike.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Story behind the Nike logo{{!}}|url=https://www.freelogodesign.org/blog/2018/02/19/the-story-behind-the-nike-logo| website= www.freelogodesign.org}}</ref> "Well, I don't love it", Knight told her, "but maybe it will grow on me."<ref name=":1" /> Once the choice was made, Davidson asked for more time to refine the work she had done on the Swoosh; however, Knight stated that the company had production deadlines to meet and needed the logo as soon as possible. For her services, the company paid her $35 (equivalent to ${{Inflation|US|35|1971}} in {{Inflation/year|US}}) citing that she worked 17.5 hours on creating the Swoosh, although Davidson said that she is certain she worked more hours on the design.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3527512.stm |title=Nike gives board seniors the boot |date=2004-08-02 |publisher=BBC |access-date=2009-06-28 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120503000322/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3527512.stm |archive-date=May 3, 2012 }}</ref> The Swoosh was officially trademarked on June 18, 1971 and in June 1972, at the [[United States Olympic Trials (track and field)|U.S. Track and Field Olympic Trials]] in [[Eugene, Oregon]], Nike's first official track shoe, the [[Nike Cortez]], was released to the athletes sporting the new Swoosh.<ref name=":6">{{cite magazine
 | url = https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2015/07/how-nike-turned-sneakers-into-fashion/397610/
 | title = How Nike Turned Running Shoes Into Fashion
 | date = 2015-07-06
 | magazine = The Atlantic
}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

Davidson continued working for Blue Ribbon Sports (it officially became Nike, Inc. in 1972) until the design demands of the growing company exceeded one person's capacity. In 1976, the company hired its first external advertising agency, John Brown and Partners, and Davidson went on to work on other clients' needs. In September 1983, Knight gave Davidson a golden Swoosh ring with an embedded diamond and 500 shares of Nike [[capital stock|stock]] (which have since split into 32,000 shares) to express his gratitude.<ref>{{Cite episode |title=EP 131 |url=http://www.cbs.com/shows/the-late-show-with-stephen-colbert/video/GQXc9ojyK9I_tmNMSc_bj7_bWJMcJB_l/the-late-show-4-28-2016-julianna-margulies-christine-baranski-matt-czuchry-hank-azaria-phil-knight-/ |access-date=2016-05-02 |series=The Late Show with Stephen Colbert |series-link=The Late Show with Stephen Colbert |first=Stephen |last=Colbert |network=CBS |date=2016-04-28 |season=1 |number=131}}</ref> Of the gift, Davidson says, "this was something rather special for Phil to do, because I originally billed him and he paid that invoice."<ref name="Nikebiz22">{{cite web|title=Origin of the Swoosh|url=http://www.nike.com/nikebiz/nikebiz.jhtml?page=5&item=origin|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071023034940/http://www.nike.com/nikebiz/nikebiz.jhtml?page=5&item=origin|archive-date=2007-10-23|access-date=2007-04-13|website=[[Nike, Inc.]]}}</ref> Davidson went on to be known as "The Logo Lady".<ref name=":12">{{Cite web|date=2016-06-17|title=How a college student created one of sport's most iconic images|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Sports/college-student-created-sports-iconic-images/story?id=39945185|access-date=2016-06-26|publisher=ABC News}}</ref> She said that she is not a millionaire but lives comfortably. Davidson retired in 2000 and now engages in hobbies and volunteer work, including at the [[Ronald McDonald House Charities|Ronald McDonald House]] at [[Legacy Emanuel Hospital & Health Center]] in [[Oregon]].<ref name="Nikebiz22" />