Editing T-Bone Walker (section)

==Biography==

===1910–1941: early years===
Aaron Thibeaux Walker was born in Linden, Texas. His parents, Movelia Jimerson and Rance Walker, were both musicians. His stepfather, Marco Washington (a member of the Dallas String Band), taught him to play the guitar, [[ukulele]], [[banjo]], [[violin]], [[mandolin]], and piano.<ref name="allaboutjazz">{{cite web |url=http://musicians.allaboutjazz.com/tbonewalker |title=Profile of T-Bone Walker |first=James |last=Nadal |work=[[All About Jazz]] |access-date=17 February 2015}}</ref>

Walker began his career as a teenager in [[Dallas]] in the 1920s. His mother and stepfather were musicians, and [[Blind Lemon Jefferson]], a family friend, sometimes came over for dinner.<ref name="russell"/> Walker left school at the age of 10, and by 15,<ref name="RS greatest guitarists"/> he was a professional performer on the blues circuit. Initially, he was Jefferson's protégé and would guide him around [[Deep Ellum, Dallas]] for his gigs.<ref name="allaboutjazz"/> In 1929, Walker made his recording debut with [[Columbia Records]], billed as Oak Cliff T-Bone, releasing the single "Wichita Falls Blues" backed with "Trinity River Blues". [[Oak Cliff]] is the community in which he lived at the time, and T-Bone is a corruption of his middle name. The pianist Douglas Fernell played accompaniment on the record.<ref name="AMG"/>

Walker married Vida Lee in 1935; the couple had three children.

By the age of 25, Walker was working in clubs on [[Central Avenue (Los Angeles)|Central Avenue]], in [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]], sometimes as the featured singer and as guitarist with [[Les Hite]]'s orchestra.<ref name="russell"/> In 1940 he recorded with Hite for the Varsity label, but he was featured only as a singer.<ref name="redsaun">{{cite web|author=Pruter, Robert; Campbell, Robert L. |url=http://campber.people.clemson.edu/rhumboogie.html |title=The Rhumboogie Label |access-date=2017-02-15}}</ref> He started playing electric guitar in about 1940.<ref name="AMG"/>

===1942–1975: later years===
In 1942, Charlie Glenn, the owner of the [[Rhumboogie Café]], brought T-Bone Walker to Chicago for long stints in his club. In 1944 and 1945, Walker recorded for the Rhumboogie label, which was tied to the club, backed up by [[Marl Young]]'s orchestra.<ref name="redsaun" />

T-Bone Walker performed at the second famed Cavalcade of Jazz concert held at [[Wrigley Field (Los Angeles)|Wrigley Field]] in Los Angeles produced by [[Leon Hefflin, Sr.|Leon Hefflin Sr.]] on October 12, 1946. [[Jack McVea]], [[Slim Gaillard]], [[Joe Liggins|The Honeydrippers]], [[Lionel Hampton]] and his Orchestra, and [[Louis Armstrong]] were also on the program.<ref>“SHOW TIME” Review by Wendell Green Los Angeles Sentinel Sept. 26, 1946.</ref> He performed for the third Cavalcade of Jazz concert held in the same location on September 7, 1947, along with [[Woody Herman]] as Emcee, [[Miguelito Valdés|The Valdez Orchestra]], The Blenders, [[Joe Liggins|The Honeydrippers]], [[Slim Gaillard]], [[Johnny Otis]] and his Orchestra, [[Toni Harper]], [[Johnny Moore's Three Blazers|The Three Blazers]], and [[Sarah Vaughan]].<ref>“Woody Herman, 3 Blazers, T-Bone, Others on Program” Review by Eddie Burbridge The California Eagle Sept. 4, 1947</ref>

Much of his output was recorded from 1946 to 1948 for [[Black & White Records]], including his most famous song, "[[Call It Stormy Monday (But Tuesday Is Just as Bad)]]" (1947).<ref name="AMG"/> Other notable songs he recorded during this period were "Bobby Sox Blues" (a number 3 [[Rhythm and blues|R&B]] hit in 1947)<ref name="Russell 2">{{cite book|first=Tony|last=Russell|year=1997|title=The Blues: From Robert Johnson to Robert Cray|publisher=Carlton Books|location=Dubai|page=13|isbn=1-85868-255-X}}</ref> and "West Side Baby" (number 8 on the R&B singles chart in 1948).<ref>{{cite web|author=Henderson, Alex |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/blues-masters-the-very-best-of-t-bone-walker-mw0000067347 |title=''Blues Masters: The Very Best of T-Bone Walker'': Songs, Reviews, Credits, Awards |publisher=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=2015-08-30}}</ref>

[[File:T-Bone Walker 1972.jpg|thumb|right|Walker at the American Folk Blues Festival in Hamburg, March 1972]]

Throughout his career Walker worked with top-notch musicians, including the [[trumpet]]er [[Teddy Buckner]] (e.g. on "[[Call It Stormy Monday (But Tuesday Is Just as Bad)]]"<ref>{{cite web|first1=Brian|last1=Bader|url=https://www.loc.gov/static/programs/national-recording-preservation-board/documents/tbonewalker.pdf|title="Call It Stormy Monday But Tuesday is Just as Bad"—T-Bone Walker (1947)|website=[[Library of Congress]] |page=3|year=2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220141123/https://www.loc.gov/static/programs/national-recording-preservation-board/documents/tbonewalker.pdf|archive-date=December 20, 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://blues.org/blues_hof_inductee/call-it-stormy-monday-but-tuesday-is-just-as-bad-t-bone-walker-black-white-1947/|title=Call it Stormy Monday (But Tuesday is Just as Bad) — T-Bone Walker (Black & White, 1947)|publisher=The Blues Foundation|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170211080913/https://blues.org/blues_hof_inductee/call-it-stormy-monday-but-tuesday-is-just-as-bad-t-bone-walker-black-white-1947/|archive-date=February 11, 2017|url-status=live|access-date=July 18, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mutzhimambo.com/22-almanacco-pulp/173-t-bone-walker.html|title=T-Bone Walker|language=Italian}}</ref>), the pianist [[Lloyd Glenn]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/it/T-Bone-Walker-Blues-N2/release/6228893|title=T-Bone Walker – Blues N°2, Atlantic – 332006|website=[[Discogs]] |date=30 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718123146/https://www.discogs.com/it/T-Bone-Walker-T-Bone-Blues/release/2012131|archive-date=July 18, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> the [[double bass|bassist]] Billy Hadnott (on the LP ''Hot Leftovers'' (1985)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/it/T-Bone-Walker-Hot-Leftovers/release/3850836|title=T-Bone WalkerHot Leftovers|website=[[Discogs]] |year=1985 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718124031/https://www.discogs.com/it/T-Bone-Walker-Hot-Leftovers/release/3850836|archive-date=July 18, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> and the 78 "Long Skirt Baby Blues"//"Good-Bye Blues" (1947)<ref>{{cite web|author= T-Bone Walker and His Guitar|author2= Willard McDaniels|author3=Billy Hadnott|author4= "Bumps" Myers|author5= John E. Buckner|author6=Oscar Lee Bradley| author7=Henry|url=https://archive.org/details/78_good-bye-blues_t-bone-walker-and-his-guitar-willard-mcdaniels-billy-hadnott-bumps_gbia0077354b|title=Good-Bye Blues|publisher=Black & White (123 B)|website=Internet Archive|date= 6 November 1947}}</ref>), and the [[tenor saxophone|tenor saxophonist]] [[Jack McVea]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/it/T-Bone-Walker-With-Jack-McVea-All-Stars-No-Worry-Blues-Dont-Leave-Me-Baby/release/10546387|title=T Bone Walker* With Jack McVea & All Stars* – No Worry Blues / Don't Leave Me Baby|website=[[Discogs]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718122731/https://www.discogs.com/it/T-Bone-Walker-With-Jack-McVea-All-Stars-No-Worry-Blues-Dont-Leave-Me-Baby/release/10546387|archive-date=July 18, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> (on the songs "Don't Leave Me Baby"<ref>{{cite video|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=STHOmNHcC4k|title=DON'T LEAVE ME BABY by T-Bone Walker with Jack McVea|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718122603/https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=STHOmNHcC4k|archive-date=July 18, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> and "No Worry Blues"<ref>{{cite video|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7mMZrvf8JSs|title=L.A. Noire: K.T.I. Radio - Bobby Sox Blues - T-Bone Walker|date=March 23, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718122811/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7mMZrvf8JSs|archive-date=July 18, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>).

He recorded from 1950 to 1954 for [[Imperial Records]] (backed by [[Dave Bartholomew]]). Walker's only record in the next five years was ''T-Bone Blues'', recorded during three widely separated sessions in 1955, 1956 and 1957 and released by [[Atlantic Records]] in 1959.<ref name="LarkinBlues">{{cite book|title=[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music|The Guinness Who's Who of Blues]]|editor=[[Colin Larkin (writer)|Colin Larkin]]|publisher=[[Guinness Publishing]]|date=1995|edition=Second|isbn=0-85112-673-1|pages=363/6}}</ref>

By the early 1960s, Walker's career had slowed down, in spite of an energetic performance at the [[American Folk Blues Festival]] in 1962 with the pianist [[Memphis Slim]] and the prolific writer and musician [[Willie Dixon]], among others.<ref name="AMG"/> However, several critically acclaimed albums followed, such as ''I Want a Little Girl'' (recorded for [[Delmark Records]] in 1968). Walker recorded in his last years, from 1968 to 1975, for Robin Hemingway's [[Music publisher (popular music)|music publishing]] company, Jitney Jane Songs. He won a [[Grammy Award for Best Ethnic or Traditional Folk Recording]] in 1970 for ''Good Feelin''', while signed with [[Polydor Records]], produced by Hemingway,<ref name="allaboutjazz"/> followed by another album produced by Hemingway, ''Fly Walker Airlines'', released in 1972.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/t-bone-walker-mn0000003829/discography |title=T-Bone Walker: Discography |publisher=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=2015-08-30}}</ref>