Editing TRIZ (section)

== {{anchor|European TRIZ Association}}History ==
TRIZ was developed by the Soviet inventor and science-fiction writer Genrich Altshuller and his associates. Altshuller began developing TRIZ in 1946 while working in the inventions-inspection department of the [[Caspian Flotilla|Caspian Sea flotilla]] of the [[Soviet Navy]]. His job was to help initiate invention proposals, to rectify and document them, and to prepare applications to the patent office. Altshuller realized that a problem requires an inventive solution if there are technical contradictions (improving one parameter negatively affects another).

His work on what later became TRIZ was interrupted in 1950 by his arrest and 25-year sentence to the [[Vorkuta]] [[Gulag]]. The arrest was partially triggered by letters he and Raphael Shapiro sent to [[Joseph Stalin|Stalin]], ministers, and newspapers about Soviet government decisions they considered erroneous.<ref name="dotrubiog">{{cite web|title=Генрих Саулович Альтшуллер (Genrich Saulovich Altshuller - short biography)|url=http://www.altshuller.ru/biography/|publisher=www.altshuller.ru|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101104001718/http://www.altshuller.ru/biography|archive-date=2010-11-04}}</ref> Altshuller and Shapiro were freed during the [[Khrushchev Thaw]] which followed Stalin's death in 1953, <ref name=Salon1 /> and they returned to [[Baku]]. The first paper on TRIZ, "On the psychology of inventive creation", was published in 1956 in the ''Issues in Psychology'' (''Voprosi Psichologii'') journal.<ref name="1956VP">{{cite journal|last=Altshuller|first=G. S.|author2=Shapiro, R. B.|title=О Психологии изобретательского творчества (On the psychology of inventive creation)|journal=Вопросы Психологии (The Psychological Issues)|year=1956|issue=6|pages=37–39|url=http://www.altshuller.ru/triz/triz0.asp?SESSID=dd5333ed09c8a91adaaa6acf8689073a|access-date=4 October 2010|language=ru|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612224544/http://www.altshuller.ru/triz/triz0.asp?SESSID=dd5333ed09c8a91adaaa6acf8689073a|archive-date=12 June 2011}}</ref>

Altshuller observed clever and creative people at work, discovering patterns in their thinking with which he developed thinking tools and techniques. The tools included Smart Little People<ref>[reference to p 110] Altshuller, G.S. (1984) [http://matriz.org/resources/literature/ Creativity as an Exact Science: the Theory of the Solution of Inventive Problems] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530025029/http://matriz.org/resources/literature/ |date=2015-05-30 }} Translated by Williams, A. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers Inc]</ref> and Thinking in Time and Scale (or the Screens of Talented Thought).<ref>[reference to p 121] Altshuller, G.S. (1984) Creativity as an Exact Science: the Theory of the Solution of Inventive Problems Translated by Williams, A. Gordon, and Breach Science Publishers Inc]</ref>

In 1986, Altshuller's attention shifted from technical TRIZ to the development of individual creativity. He developed a version of TRIZ for children which was tried in several schools.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.xtriz.com/BriefHistoryOfTRIZ.pdf |title=A brief history of TRIZ |access-date=2015-05-22 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150922153214/http://www.xtriz.com/BriefHistoryOfTRIZ.pdf |archive-date=2015-09-22 }}</ref> After the [[Cold War]], emigrants from the former [[Soviet Union]] brought TRIZ to other countries.<ref name="Webb1">{{cite journal|last=Webb|first=Alan|title=TRIZ: an inventive approach to invention|journal=Manufacturing Engineer|volume=12|issue=3|date=August 2002|pages=117–124|url=https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/em_20020302|doi=10.1049/em:20020302|doi-broken-date=7 December 2024 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>