Editing Talian dialect (section)

==History==

[[Italians|Italian]] settlers first began arriving into these regions in a wave of immigration lasting from approximately 1875 to 1914.<ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite web|title=Approvato il progetto che dichiara il 'Talian' come patrimonio del Rio Grande del Sud – Brasile|url=http://www.sitoveneto.org/talian_patrimonio_de_rio_grando_do_sul.html|publisher=Sitoveneto|access-date=9 March 2012|archive-date=23 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723233334/http://www.sitoveneto.org/talian_patrimonio_de_rio_grando_do_sul.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated7">{{Cite web |title=Espirito Santo, lo stato piu' veneto del Brasile |url=http://www2.regione.veneto.it/videoinf/periodic/precedenti/01/6/espirito.htm |last=Franceschetto |first=Cilmar |date=June 2001 |website=Veneti nel Mondo |language=it |trans-title=Espírito Santo, the most Venetian state in Brazil |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040316191344/http://www2.regione.veneto.it/videoinf/periodic/precedenti/01/6/espirito.htm |archive-date=2004-03-16}}</ref> These settlers were mainly from [[Veneto]], a region in [[Northern Italy]], where [[Venetian language|Venetian]] was spoken, but also from [[Trentino]] and [[Friuli-Venezia Giulia]].<ref name=autogenerated2 /><ref name=autogenerated7/> In the south of Brazil these immigrants settled as smallholders in the region of Encosta da Serra. There they created three settlements: Conde D'Eu (now [[Garibaldi, Rio Grande do Sul|Garibaldi]]), Dona Isabel (now [[Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul|Bento Gonçalves]]), and Campo dos Bugres (now [[Caxias do Sul]]).<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web|last=Losekann|first=Silvana|title=Sancionada lei que declara o Talian dialeto integrante do patrimônio do RS|url=http://www.defender.org.br/sancionada-lei-que-declara-o-talian-dialeto-integrante-do-patrimonio-do-rs/|publisher=Defender – Defesa Civil do Patrimônio Histórico|access-date=9 March 2012|date=June 13, 2009}}</ref> As more people arrived, the Italian settlement expanded beyond these localities.<ref name=autogenerated1 /> Approximately 100,000 immigrants from Northern Italy arrived between 1875 and 1910. As time went by, a uniquely southern Brazilian dialect emerged. Veneto became the basis for Italian-Brazilian regionalism.

Talian has been very much influenced not only by other Italian languages but also [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], the national language of Brazil; this can be seen in the employment of numerous non-Venetian [[loanword]]s. It has been estimated that there have been 130 books published in Talian, including works of both poetry and prose.<ref name="Parlons">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sRPrAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA34 |title=Parlons Talian: Dialecte vénitien du Brésil |last=Alves |first=Ozias |publisher=L'Harmattan |year=2013 |isbn=978-2-343-01576-7 |location=Paris}}</ref>

Similar to [[Riograndenser Hunsrückisch]] (''hunsriqueano riograndense''), the main [[German language|German]] dialect spoken by southern Brazilians of German origin, Talian has suffered great deprecation since the 1940s. At that time, president [[Getúlio Vargas]] started the so-called [[Nationalization campaign|Nationalization Campaign]] to force non-Portuguese speakers of Brazil to "better integrate" into the national mainstream culture. Speaking Talian or German in public, especially in education and press, was forbidden.<ref>{{Cite web |language=pt-br |author=Gilvan Müller de Oliveira |date=2009 |url-status=live |title=Plurilinguismo no Brasil: repressão e resistência lingüística |url=https://gerflint.fr/Base/Bresil7/gilvan.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017043721/https://gerflint.fr/Base/Bresil7/gilvan.pdf |archive-date=2019-10-17  |access-date=2023-04-16 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-17 |title=A luta para salvar os dialetos europeus no Brasil |url=http://opiniaoenoticia.com.br/brasil/luta-para-salvar-os-dialetos-europeus-no-brasil/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017042902/http://opiniaoenoticia.com.br/brasil/luta-para-salvar-os-dialetos-europeus-no-brasil/ |archive-date=2019-10-17  |access-date=2022-07-01 }}</ref>