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Textured vegetable protein
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==History== Textured vegetable protein was invented by the agricultural commodities and food processing company [[Archer Daniels Midland]] in the 1960s; the company owns the name "textured vegetable protein" and the acronym TVP as registered trademarks.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://greenliving.nationalgeographic.com/textured-vegetable-protein-tvp-vs-textured-soy-protein-tsp-20053.html|title=Textured Vegetable Protein (TVP) vs. Textured Soy Protein (TSP)| last=Decker| first=Fred| publisher=NationalGeographic.com| page=1| access-date=May 20, 2013| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130527154247/http://greenliving.nationalgeographic.com/textured-vegetable-protein-tvp-vs-textured-soy-protein-tsp-20053.html| archive-date=May 27, 2013}}</ref> Archer Daniels Midland had developed a textured soy protein isolate made with an extruder in the shape of rods or tubes. The soy protein isolate was produced in a small pilot plant and sold for use in [[chili powder]], but the product was not commercially successful. By 1968, TVP was widely used in a variety of food products, and consumption skyrocketed after 1971, when TVP was approved for use in school lunch programs. By 1980, similar products were being produced by rival companies in America, but Archer Daniels Midland remained the leader in TVP production.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.soyinfocenter.com/HSS/archer_daniels_midland.php|title=Archer Daniels Midland Company|last1=Shurtleff|first1=William|author-link=William Shurtleff |last2=Aoyagi|first2=Akiko|author-link2=Akiko Aoyagi|publisher=Soy Info Center|page=1|access-date=May 19, 2013}}</ref>
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