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Textus Roffensis
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==Contents== The first part is a collection of laws and other, primarily secular documents, whilst the second is the cartulary of the Cathedral priory.<ref name = le>{{cite web|url= https://www.le.ac.uk/english/em1060to1220/mss/EM.RCL.htm |title=Rochester, Cathedral Library, A. 3. 5. – The Production and Use of English Manuscripts: 1060 to 1220 |website = LE |access-date=28 July 2018}}</ref> The first part is of fundamental importance to the study of Anglo-Saxon law. It begins with the earliest surviving royal law-code, from King [[Æthelberht of Kent]], dating to c 600, followed by those of two Kentish successors, the joint kings [[Hlothere]] and [[Eadric]], c 679–85, and [[Wihtred]], 695. This is the only manuscript source for these three laws, though Wihtred's are heavily reliant on the laws of the contemporary West-Saxon King, [[Ine of Wessex|Ine]] (see item 6 below). The full contents of the first part are: {| class="wikitable" |- ! Item !! Dates !! Description !! Manuscript Pages<ref name = le />!! Language |- | 1 || {{circa|600}} || [[Law of Æthelberht|Æthelberht's Laws]] || 1r–3v || English<ref>The definitive translation of items 1–3 is now {{Citation | first = Lisi | last = Oliver | title = The Beginnings of English Law | place = Toronto | year = 2002 | publisher = Early English laws | url = http://www.earlyenglishlaws.ac.uk/laws/texts/abt/view/#edition/commentary-7}}.</ref> |- | 2 || {{circa|679–695}} || [[Law of Hlothhere and Eadric|Hlothere and Eadric's Laws]] || 3v–5r || English |- | 3 || {{circa|695}} || [[Wihtred's laws|Wihtred's Laws]] || 5r–6v || English |- | 4 || Early 11th century<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.earlyenglishlaws.ac.uk/laws/texts/had/ |title= Hadbot |website=Early English Laws |access-date= 28 July 2018}}</ref> || ''Hadbot'' (compensation for the ordained) || 7r–v || English |- | 5 || ? || Lists of Kings (West-Saxon genealogy), Saints and Bishops || 7v–8v || English |- | 6 || Probably after 893;<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.earlyenglishlaws.ac.uk/laws/texts/af/ |title= Alfred's domboc |website= Early English laws |access-date= 28 July 2018}}</ref> Laws of Ine, c. 694 || Laws of [[Alfred the Great|Alfred]], (Alfred's ''Domboc''), containing the Laws of his West-Saxon predecessor, [[Ine of Wessex|Ine]] || 9r–32r || English |- | 7 || ? || ''Ordal'' || 32r–v || English |- | 8 || 990s || ''Walreaf'' (penalties for grave-robbery) || 32v || English |- | 9 || 924–939 || [[Æthelstan]]'s Grately Law Code (II Aethelstan) || 32v–37r || English |- | 10 || 924–939 || [[Æthelstan]]'s Exeter Law Code (V Aethelstan) and a fragment from the London Code (VI Æthelstan, 6) || 37r–38r || English |- | 11 || 990s || ''Pax'' ('Peace'), for use in [[Æthelred]]'s Danelaw territories || 38r || English |- | 12 || Early 11th century || ''Mircna laga'' || 38v–39v || English |- | 13 || {{circa|early 11th Century}}<ref>Not from the reign of [[Edward the Elder|Edward]] (899–924) but a fraud, probably written by Archbishop [[Wulfstan (died 1023)|Wulfstan]] (1002–1023): http://www.earlyenglishlaws.ac.uk/laws/texts/egu/</ref> || Fraudulent peace Treaty between [[Edward the Elder]] and [[Guthrum]] || 40r–41v || English |- | 14 || 10th century? || ''Wer'' (on bloodfeud) || 41v–42r || English |- | 15 || 899–924 || [[Edward the Elder]]'s First Law Code || 42r–43r || English |- | 16 || 899–924 || [[Edward the Elder]]'s Second Law Code || 43r–44r || English |- | 17 || 942–946 || [[Edmund I|Edmund]]'s First Law Code (ecclesiastical laws) || 44r–45r || English |- | 18 || 942–946 || [[Edmund I|Edmund]]'s Second Law Code || 45r–46r || English |- | 19 || {{circa|997}} || [[Æthelred the Unraed|Æthelred]]'s First Law Code (Woodstock Code)<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.earlyenglishlaws.ac.uk/laws/texts/i-atr/ |title= Æthelred's Woodstock code (I Atr) |website= Early English Laws |access-date=28 July 2018}}</ref> || 46r–47r || English |- | 20 || 1066–1087 || ''Willelmes cyninges asetnysse'' (laws of [[William the Conqueror|William I]] dealing with lawsuits by Englishmen against Frenchmen){{Efn | The only surviving version is in ''Textus Roffensis''{{Refn | {{Citation | title = Textus Roffensis | work = Early English Laws | url = http://www.earlyenglishlaws.ac.uk/laws/texts/wl-lad/}}}}.}} || 47r–v || English |- | 21 || 997 || Æthelred's Third Law Code ([[Wantage Code]]) || 48r–49v || English |- | 22 || Post-1066 || Judgement of God X (''Iud Dei XV'') || 49v–57r || Latin |- | 23 || 1016–1035 || a text of [[Cnut]]'s reign || 57v || Latin |- | 24 || 1016–1035 || Institutes of Cnut (collection of laws) || 58r–80r || Latin |- | 25 || 1066–1087 || Articles of William I{{Efn | Not entirely William's actual laws: see http://www.earlyenglishlaws.ac.uk/laws/texts/wl-art/}} || 80r–81v || Latin |- | 26 || ? || ''Accusatores'' (Papal decrees on accusers/ prosectors) || 81v–87r || Latin |- | 27 || c 1008 || Æthelstan's Sixth Law Code (London Code)<ref>''Textus Roffensis'' is the only source: http://www.earlyenglishlaws.ac.uk/laws/texts/vi-as/</ref> || 88r–93r || English |- | 28 || ? ||[[Geþyncðo|''Geðyncðo'']] (On status) || 93r–v || English |- | 29 || No later than mid-10th Century || ''[[Norðleoda laga]]'' (concerns ''wergeld'' in Northumbrian society)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.earlyenglishlaws.ac.uk/laws/texts/norleod/|title=Early English Laws: Norðleoda laga (Norðleod)|website=www.earlyenglishlaws.ac.uk|access-date=28 July 2018}}</ref> || 93v–94r || English |- | 30 || ? || ''Wifmannes beweddung'' (Of a woman's betrothal) || 94v–95r || English |- | 31 || ? || Cattle-Theft Charm || 95r || English |- | 32 || ? || ''Hit becwæð'' (On bequests: 'he that owned it bequeathed it and died')<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.bosworthtoller.com/039668 |title= 'be-cwelan' |website= Bosworth–Toller Anglo-Saxon Dictionary |access-date= 28 July 2018}}</ref>|| 95r–v || English |- | 33 || 1100 || [[Henry II of England|Henry I]]'s [[Charter of Liberties|Coronation Charter]] || 96r–97v || Latin |- | 34 || 10th–11th century || ''Excommunicatio VIII'' (laws on excommunication || 98r–99v || Latin |- | 35 || ? || ''Excommunicatio IX'' (formula for excommunicating criminals) || 99v–100r || Latin |- | 36 || ? || List of Kings || 100r–v || English |- | 37 || ? || Lists of Kings, Saints, and Bishops: West-Saxon Genealogy || 102r–104r || English |- | 38 || ? || Lists of Kings, Saints, and Bishops: Lists of Popes, Emperors, Patriarchs and English Archbishops and Bishops || 105r–116r || English |- | 39 || ? || Lists: of 24 elders, of popes responsible for various liturgical reforms, and of 7 archangels || 116v || Latin |} The second part of ''Textus Roffensis'' is just over 100 pages long. It consists of the [[cartulary]] for Rochester Cathedral, in Latin. However, its final entry (222r–v) is in English, listing the number of masses to be recited for those institutions in England and Normandy which were in confraternity with Rochester.<ref name = le />
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