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==History== ===Founding and 19th century=== [[File:The Wall Street Journal first issue.jpg|thumb|Front page of the first issue of ''The Wall Street Journal'' on July 8, 1889]] A predecessor to ''The Wall Street Journal'' was the Kiernan News Agency founded by [[John J. Kiernan]] in 1869.<ref name=Wells>{{cite journal|last=Wells|first=Rob|url=https://www.robswells.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Journalism-History-2020-John-J-Kiernan-Business-Journalism-Pioneer-1845-1893.pdf|title=John J. Kiernan: Business Journalism Pioneer, 1845-1893|journal=Journalism History|date=2020 |doi=10.1080/00947679.2020.1787780|volume=46|issue=4|pages=321–338}}</ref>{{rp|321, 324}} In 1880, Kiernan hired [[Charles H. Dow]] and [[Edward Jones (statistician)|Edward D. Jones]] as reporters. On a recommendation of [[Collis Potter Huntington]], Dow and Jones co-founded their own news service, [[Dow Jones and Company]], with fellow Kiernan reporter [[Charles Bergstresser]]. Dow Jones was headquartered in the basement of 15 Wall Street, the same building as Kiernan's company next to the [[New York Stock Exchange Building]].{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/2/mode/2up?q=%22john+j.+kiernan%22 2-3]}} The first products of [[Dow Jones & Company]], the publisher of the ''Journal'', were brief news bulletins, nicknamed ''flimsies'', hand-delivered throughout the day to traders at the [[stock exchange]].<ref name="late 1800s">{{cite web|url=http://www.dowjones.com/TheCompany/History/History.htm|title=Dow Jones History: The Late 1800s|publisher=Dow Jones and Company|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227030114/http://www.dowjones.com/TheCompany/History/History.htm |archive-date=February 27, 2009|access-date=September 21, 2024|url-status=dead}}</ref> Beginning in 1883, they were aggregated in a printed daily summary called the ''Customers' Afternoon Letter'', sold for $1.50 per month compared to the $15 a month Dow Jones bulletin service.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/4/mode/2up?q=%22afternoon+letter%22 4]}} Dow Jones opened its own printing press at [[Empire Building (Manhattan)|71 Broadway]] in 1885.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/4/mode/2up?q=%22afternoon+letter%22 4]}} Beginning July 8, 1889, the ''Afternoon Letter'' was renamed ''The Wall Street Journal''. The debut issue of the ''Journal'' was four pages long, with dimensions of 20 3/4 × 15 1/2 inches and cost of $0.02 per copy. In its early days, the ''Journal'' had "a tedious, blow-by-blow account of the day's business without benefit of editing," wrote Edward E. Scharff in 1986.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/4/mode/2up?q=%22afternoon+letter%22 4]}} For nearly 40 years, the front page had a four-column format, with the middle two devoted to news briefs and the farther two filled with advertisements for brokerage services. The ''Journal'' focused on stories from news wires and listings of stocks and bonds, while occasionally covering sports or politics.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/4/mode/2up?q=%22afternoon+letter%22 4]}} One front-page story on the debut edition of ''The Wall Street Journal'' was a raw wire report about the boxing match between [[John L. Sullivan]] and [[Jake Kilrain]], with varying accounts of the fight citing ''[[The Boston Globe]]'', the ''[[Baltimore American]]'', and anonymous sources.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/4/mode/2up?q=%22sullivan+and+kilrain%22 5]}} Seldom did ''The Wall Street Journal'' publish analysis or opinion articles in its early decades.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/6/mode/2up?q=%22analysis+was+rare%22 6]}} In addition to a private wire to Boston, the ''Journal'' had reporters communicate via telegraph from Washington, Philadelphia, Chicago, Pittsburgh, [[Albany, New York|Albany]], and London.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/8/mode/2up?q=albany 8]}} In 1896, the ''Journal'' began publishing two separate Dow Jones stock indicies, the [[Dow Jones Industrial Average]] and [[Dow Jones Transportation Average|Dow Jones Railroad Average]].<ref name="late 1800s"/>{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/6/mode/2up?q=%22two+separate+indexes%22 7]-[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/8/mode/2up?q=%22one+for+industrials%22 8]}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://guides.loc.gov/this-month-in-business-history/may/djia-first-published|title= Dow Jones Industrial Average First Published |publisher=Library of Congress|access-date=September 21, 2024}}</ref> The first morning edition of the ''Journal'' was published on November 14, 1898. By the late 1890s, daily circulation reached 7,000.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/6/mode/2up?q=%22analysis+was+rare%22 6]}} Charles Dow wrote the first "Review and Outlook" column on April 21, 1899, a front-page editorial column explaining stock prices in terms of human nature; Dow's thinking would later be known as the [[Dow theory]]. Scharff regarded Dow's essays from 1899 to 1902 as "stock market classics".{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/6/mode/2up?q=%22Human+nature%22 6- 7]}} ===20th century=== In the months before his death in 1902, Dow arranged to sell Dow Jones and the ''Journal'' to [[Clarence W. Barron]], the [[Boston]] correspondent for the ''Journal'' since 1889, for $130,000 ({{Inflation|US|130000|1902|fmt=eq}}).{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/8/mode/2up?q=%22in+1902+at%22 9]-[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/10/mode/2up?q=%22clarence+walker+barron%22 10]}} Because Barron had financial difficulties, his wife Jessie Waldron Barron made the $2,500 down payment to buy Dow Jones in 1902; Clarence would first own a Dow Jones share about ten years later.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/14/mode/2up?q=%22jessie+waldron%22 14]}} Under Barron's ownership, [[Thomas F. Woodlock]] was editor of the ''Journal'' from 1902 to 1905.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://nebnewspapers.unl.edu/lccn/sn88086144/1903-10-22/ed-1/seq-12/|title=News of the Week|work=The Nebraska Independent|place=Lincoln|page=12|date=October 22, 1903|access-date=September 21, 2024|via=University of Nebraska–Lincoln}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://archives.nd.edu/Scholastic/VOL_0078/VOL_0078_ISSUE_0009.pdf|title=Thomas F. Woodlock, Editor "Wall Street Journal" is 61st Laetare Medalist|work=The Notre Dame Scholastic|page=10|date=April 9, 1943|volume=78|issue=9|access-date=September 21, 2024}}</ref> By the end of Woodlock's tenure, daily circulation for the ''Journal'' rose from 7,000 to 11,000.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/14/mode/2up?q=%22an+estimated+11%2C000%22 15]}} [[William Peter Hamilton]] became lead editorial writer in 1908, a time when the ''Journal'' began reflecting the views of Barron. Hamilton wrote what Scharff considered "daily sermons in support of free-market capitalism".{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/16/mode/2up?q=%22daily+sermons%22 16]}} Barron and his predecessors were credited with creating an atmosphere of fearless, independent financial reporting—a novelty in the early days of [[business journalism]]. In 1921, ''[[Barron's (newspaper)|Barron's]]'', the United States's premier financial weekly, was founded.<ref name="Crossen">{{cite news|last=Crossen|first=Cynthia|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB118591182345183718|title=It All Began in the Basement of a Candy Store|date=August 1, 2007|website=The Wall Street Journal|page=B1|access-date=July 27, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215123521/https://online.wsj.com/article/SB118591182345183718.html|archive-date=December 15, 2007|url-status=dead|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Scharff described the newspaper in the Barron era as "Wall Street's public defender" against regulatory efforts by the U.S. Congress.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/26/mode/2up?q=%22Wall+street%27s+public+defender%22 27]}} Circulation continued to rise, reaching 18,750 to 1920 and 52,000 briefly in 1928.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/14/mode/2up?q=%22an+estimated+11%2C000%22 15]}} Barron died in 1928, a year before [[Wall Street Crash of 1929|Black Tuesday]], the stock market crash that greatly affected the [[Great Depression in the United States]]. Barron's descendants, the [[Bancroft family]], would continue to control the company until 2007.<ref name="Crossen"/> The [[Wall Street Crash of 1929]] would be yet another challenge to the ''Journal'' on top of Barron's death. William Peter Hamilton died of pneumonia on December 9, 1929, aged 63.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/34/mode/2up?q=%22pacific+coast+edition%22 34]}} Circulation of the ''Journal'', having surpassed 50,000 in 1928, dropped below 28,000 in the 1930s, and the newspaper downsized from 28 to 16 pages in the 1930s as well.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/36/mode/2up?q=%22number+of+pages+would+also+fall%22 36]}} Dow Jones president [[Hugh Bancroft (attorney)|Hugh Bancroft]] retired in 1932; following his death in 1933, his widow Jane Waldron Bancroft appointed Kenneth Craven "Casey" Hogate as new company president.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/42/mode/2up?q=%22met+with+casey+hogate%22 43]}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ijhf.org/members/1976/kenneth-craven-hogate|title=Kenneth Craven Hogate|publisher=Indiana Journalism Hall of Fame|access-date=September 21, 2024}}</ref> Hogate envisioned expanding the scope of the ''Journal'' to a "more general business paper" beyond stock and bond numbers.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/50/mode/2up?q=%22more+general+business+paper%22 50]}} Expanding westward, ''The Wall Street Journal'' debuted a West Coast edition on October 21, 1929, ''The Wall Street Journal Pacific Coast Edition''. The ''Pacific Coast Edition'' focused on California businesses and replicated some items from the regular ''Wall Street Journal''; however, its circulation never exceeded 3,000, and the Great Depression led numerous subscription cancellations.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/34/mode/2up?q=%22pacific+coast+edition%22 34], [https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/50/mode/2up?q=%22pacific+coast+edition%22 50]}} By 1931, [[Bernard Kilgore]] became news editor for ''The Wall Street Journal'', having joined the ''Journal'' copy desk in 1929. He began writing a column for the ''Pacific Coast Edition'' called "Dear George", a feature explaining obscure financial topics in simpler, plain rhetoric. "Dear George" sharply contrasted with other ''Wall Street Journal'' articles that relied on jargon that was incomprehensible even to its own reporters. The Eastern edition of the ''Journal'' began carrying "Dear George", and beginning in 1932, Kilgore wrote "Dear George" three times a week from New York for the ''Journal''.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/50/mode/2up?q=%22bombay+straddle%22 51]-[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/52/mode/2up?q=%22Dear+george%22 52]}} Then in 1934, Kilgore began writing a daily news digest "What's News" for the ''Journal'' front page.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/52/mode/2up?q=%22the+major+stories+of+the+day%22 53]}} Kilgore's writings attracted the attention of the White House; President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] publicly recommended Kilgore's work about pension payments for World War I veterans and a Supreme Court decision on the [[National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933]].{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/52/mode/2up?q=%22read+kilgore%22 53]}} However, the ''Journal'' continued to struggle financially, with circulation stagnant at 32,000 in 1940. Most editions were only 12 to 14 pages long, and Dow Jones made only $69,000 of profits on $2 million of revenue, mostly due to its news ticker. Scharff observed a lack of coverage about a possible U.S. role in [[World War II]].{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/60/mode/2up?q=%22attention+was+riveted+on+europe%22 60]}} In the 1940s, Dow Jones took steps to restructure the ''Journal''. Kilgore was named managing editor of the ''Journal'' in 1941 and Dow Jones CEO in 1945.<ref name="Crossen"/> Scharff described Kilgore's approach to journalism: "A ''Journal'' story had to satisfy its sophisticated readership, but it also had to be clear enough not to discourage neophytes."{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/62/mode/2up?q=%22satisfy+its+sophisticated%22 63]-[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/64/mode/2up?q=%22never+displace+the+hometown%22 64]}} Additionally, Kilgore aimed to have the newspaper appeal to a national audience, by making the East Coast and West Coast editions of the ''Journal'' more homogeneous.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/62/mode/2up?q=%22satisfy+its+sophisticated%22 63]-[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/64/mode/2up?q=%22never+displace+the+hometown%22 64]}} Until printing presses and reporting bureaus could be opened on location, photographs could not be included in the ''Journal''.<ref name="Crossen"/> In [[1947 Pulitzer Prize|1947]], the paper won its first [[Pulitzer Prize]] for William Henry Grimes's [[Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing|editorials]].<ref name="Crossen"/> Also in May 1947, the ''Journal'' launched a Southwest edition based in [[Dallas]].{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/102/mode/2up?q=dallas 103]-[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/102/mode/2up?q=dallas 105]}} The newspaper also added a new slogan in 1949: "Everywhere, Men Who Get Ahead in Business Read ''The Wall Street Journal''."{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/102/mode/2up?q=dallas 103]-[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/102/mode/2up?q=dallas 105]}} Circulation grew by nearly four-fold, from 32,000 in 1940 to 140,000 in 1949; however, Kilgore's editorial reforms of the ''Journal'' had not yet entered popular understanding.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/60/mode/2up?q=%22attention+was+riveted+on+europe%22 60], [https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/104/mode/2up?q=%22over+140%2C000%22 104]}} The first major journalism award for the ''Journal'' was a [[Society of Professional Journalists|Sigma Delta Chi]] public service award, for stories in late 1952 exposing links between Empire Mail Order and organized crime. These stories followed news that [[Howard Hughes]] sold [[RKO Pictures]] to Empire Mail Order.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/120/mode/2up?q=%22howard+hughes%22 121]-[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/122/mode/2up?q=rko 122]}} Circulation of the ''Journal'' continued increasing throughout the 1950s, to 205,000 in 1951, 400,000 in 1955, and over 500,000 by 1957.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/154/mode/2up?q=%22half+million+mark%22 154]}} [[Warren H. Phillips]] became managing editor of ''The Wall Street Journal'' in 1957 after being promoted from Chicago bureau manager. Phillips was Jewish, in contrast to the largely midwestern, [[WASP]] management of the ''Journal'' at the time. Phillips, a former socialist, shifted his political views in the 1950s to reflect social liberalism and fiscal conservatism.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/166/mode/2up?q=%22warren+phillips+became%22 167]-[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/168/mode/2up?q=%22tragicomic+spectacle%22 169]}} Under Phillips, the ''Journal'' provided in-depth coverage of the [[civil rights movement]], on the grounds that it "was something that the average businessman needed to know about".{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/166/mode/2up?q=%22warren+phillips+became%22 167]-[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/168/mode/2up?q=%22tragicomic+spectacle%22 169]}} For instance, ''Journal'' coverage of the [[Little Rock Nine|Little Rock Central High School integration crisis]] went beyond the largely visual, emotional elements on newspapers and television, in depicting local citizens as supportive of integration in contrast to Governor [[Orval Faubus]] and other local politicians.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/170/mode/2up?q=%22governor+faubus+himself%22 170-171]}} During the [[1962–1963 New York City newspaper strike]], the ''Journal'' was the only daily newspaper to continue printing in New York City; however, after the strike, Kilgore ordered the printing presses moved from New York to [[Chicopee, Massachusetts]] effective July 1, 1963. Although Kilgore did not publicly explain his rationale then, Scharff wrote in 1986 that the move resulted from feuds between Dow Jones and the printer's union.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/118/mode/2up?q=chicopee 118-119]}} By Kilgore's death in 1967, ''Wall Street Journal'' circulation exceeded one million.<ref name="Crossen"/> In 1967, Dow Jones Newswires began a major expansion outside of the United States ultimately placing its journalists in every major financial center in [[Europe]], [[Asia]], [[Latin America]], [[Australia]], and [[Africa]]. In 1970, Dow Jones bought the Ottaway newspaper chain, which at the time comprised nine dailies and three Sunday newspapers. Later, the name was changed to [[Local Media Group|Dow Jones Local Media Group]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dowjoneslmg.com/|title=Dow Jones Local Media Group, Inc.|publisher=Local Media Group|access-date=July 25, 2013|archive-date=April 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220412031909/https://www.dowjoneslmg.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The first strike affecting a ''Journal'' printing plant was a three-day strike at [[Silver Spring, Maryland]], in 1967; that would be followed by a weeklong strike by truck drivers at the [[South Brunswick, New Jersey]], in 1970.{{sfn|Scharff|1986|pp=[https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/118/mode/2up?q=chicopee 118-119]}} [[File:President Reagan's Interview with the Wall Street Journal in the Oval Office on February 7, 1985.webm|thumb|upright=1|Video of U.S. President [[Ronald Reagan]] interviewed by ''WSJ'' in the [[Oval Office]] in February 1985]] The period from 1971 to 1997 brought about a series of launches, acquisitions, and joint ventures, including "[[Factiva]]", ''[[The Wall Street Journal Asia]]'', ''[[The Wall Street Journal Europe]]'', the WSJ.com website, Dow Jones Indexes, [[MarketWatch]], and "WSJ Weekend Edition". In 2007, [[News Corporation|News Corp.]] acquired Dow Jones.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pérez-Peña |first1=Richard |author1-link=Richard Pérez-Peña |title=News Corp. Completes Takeover of Dow Jones |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/14/business/media/14dow.html |website=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=14 September 2024 |date=14 December 2007}}</ref> ''[[WSJ.]]'', a luxury lifestyle magazine, was launched in 2008.<ref>{{cite news|last=Edgecliffe-Johnson|first=Andrew|url=http://us.ft.com/ftgateway/superpage.ft?news_id=fto090320082104328499|title=WSJ magazine targets upscale market|date=September 3, 2008|work=[[Financial Times]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929154941/http://us.ft.com/ftgateway/superpage.ft?news_id=fto090320082104328499|archive-date=September 29, 2011}}</ref> A complement to the print newspaper, ''The Wall Street Journal Online'', was launched in 1996 and has allowed access only by subscription from the beginning.<ref>{{cite news |last=Stulberg |first=Ariel |title=Testing news paywalls: Which are leaky, and which are airtight? |url=https://www.cjr.org/business_of_news/news-paywalls-new-york-times-wall-street-journal.php |work=Columbia Journalism Review |date=May 23, 2017 |access-date=November 26, 2017 |archive-date=May 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525152518/https://www.cjr.org/business_of_news/news-paywalls-new-york-times-wall-street-journal.php |url-status=live }}</ref> A weekly (later daily) crossword edited by [[Mike Shenk]] was introduced in 1998.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://observer.com/2015/09/cruciverbalists-rejoice-the-wall-street-journal-adds-a-daily-crossword-puzzle/|title=Cruciverbalists Rejoice! The Wall Street Journal Adds a Daily Crossword Puzzle|last=Kassel|first=Matthew|date=September 14, 2015|website=[[The New York Observer|Observer]]|access-date=November 9, 2023|archive-date=November 10, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110062016/https://observer.com/2015/09/cruciverbalists-rejoice-the-wall-street-journal-adds-a-daily-crossword-puzzle/|url-status=live}}</ref> ===21st century=== [[File:Vladimir Putin 11 February 2002-1.jpg|thumb|upright=1|[[Vladimir Putin]] with ''Wall Street Journal'' correspondent [[Karen Elliott House]] in 2002]] In 2003, Dow Jones began to integrate reporting of the ''Journal''{{'s}} print and online subscribers together in [[Audit Bureau of Circulations (North America)|Audit Bureau of Circulations]] statements.<ref>"The Wall Street Journal Announces New Integrated Print and Online Sales and Marketing Initiatives". Press release. November 3, 2003.</ref> In 2007, it was commonly believed to be the largest paid-subscription news site on the Web, with 980,000 paid subscribers.<ref name="Crossen"/> Since then, digital subscription has risen to 1.3 million as of September 2018, falling to number two behind ''[[The New York Times]]'' with 3 million digital subscriptions.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://phys.org/news/2018-11-newscorp-higher-profits-subscriptions.html|title=NewsCorp sees higher profits as subscriptions rise|website=phys.org|access-date=April 13, 2019|archive-date=April 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413220253/https://phys.org/news/2018-11-newscorp-higher-profits-subscriptions.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In May 2008, an annual subscription to the [[digital edition]] of ''The Wall Street Journal'' cost $119 for those who do not have subscriptions to the print edition. By June 2013, the monthly cost for a subscription to the online edition was $22.99, or $275.88 annually, excluding introductory offers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://subscribe.wsj.com |title=Subscribing to the Wall Street Journal |work=The Wall Street Journal |date=June 17, 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114212045/https://subscribe.wsj.com/ |archive-date=November 14, 2013}}</ref> Digital subscription rates increased dramatically to $443.88 per year as its popularity increased over print, with first-time subscribers paying $187.20 per year.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Wall Street Journal|url=https://store.wsj.com/shop/us/us/wsjusasa0419/?inttrackingCode=aaqt86ty&icid=WSJ_ON_PHP_ACQ_NA&n2IKsaD9=n2IKsaD9&Pg9aWOPT=Pg9aWOPT&Cp5dKJWb=Cp5dKJWb&APCc9OU1=APCc9OU1%7Ctitle=The|access-date=August 6, 2021|website=store.wsj.com|archive-date=August 6, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806141222/https://store.wsj.com/shop/us/us/wsjusasa0419/?inttrackingCode=aaqt86ty&icid=WSJ_ON_PHP_ACQ_NA&n2IKsaD9=n2IKsaD9&Pg9aWOPT=Pg9aWOPT&Cp5dKJWb=Cp5dKJWb&APCc9OU1=APCc9OU1%7Ctitle=The|url-status=live}}</ref> On November 30, 2004, [[Oasys Mobile]] and ''The Wall Street Journal'' released an app that would allow users to access content from ''The Wall Street Journal Online'' via their mobile phones.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=131111&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=807942&highlight=|title=Oasys Mobile, Inc. News Release|publisher=Phx.corporate|access-date=June 5, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://webcitation.org/65bLOoIHm?url=http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=131111|archive-date=February 20, 2012}}</ref> In September 2005, the ''Journal'' launched a weekend edition, delivered to all subscribers, which marked a return to Saturday publication after a lapse of some 50 years. The move was designed in part to attract more consumer advertising.<ref name="Crossen"/> In 2005, the ''Journal'' reported a readership profile of about 60 percent top management, an average income of $191,000, an average household net worth of $2.1{{nbsp}}million, and an average age of 55.<ref>{{cite web|last=Mitchell|first=Bill|url=http://www.poynter.org/content/content_view.asp?id=89351|title=The Wall Street Journal Weekend Edition: Expectations, Surprises, Disappointments|work=[[Poynter Institute|Poynter Online]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060816134815/http://www.poynter.org/content/content_view.asp?id=89351|date=September 21, 2005|archive-date=August 16, 2006}}</ref> In 2007, the ''Journal'' launched a worldwide expansion of its website to include major foreign-language editions. The paper had also shown an interest in buying the rival ''[[Financial Times]]''.<ref>{{cite news|last=Wray|first=Richard|url=http://business.guardian.co.uk/story/0,,2003063,00.html|title=How the word on Wall Street will spread around the world|work=[[The Guardian]]|location=UK|date=February 1, 2007|access-date=February 3, 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070203082414/http://business.guardian.co.uk/story/0%2C%2C2003063%2C00.html|archive-date=February 3, 2007}}</ref> ===Design changes=== The nameplate is unique in having a period at the end.<ref>{{cite news|last=Lee|first=Carol E.|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390444840104577553020326811222|title=Punctuation Nerds Stopped by Obama Slogan, 'Forward.'|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|date=July 31, 2012|access-date=September 23, 2024|url-status=dead|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120805075139/https://online.wsj.com/article/SB10000872396390444840104577553020326811222.html|archive-date=August 5, 2012}}</ref> Front-page advertising in the ''Journal'' was re-introduced on September 5, 2006. This followed similar introductions in the European and Asian editions in late 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://biz.yahoo.com/pz/060718/102326.html|title=Wall Street Journal Introduces New Front Page Advertising Opportunity|date=July 18, 2006|access-date=August 19, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060814030343/http://biz.yahoo.com/pz/060718/102326.html|archive-date=August 14, 2006}}</ref> After presenting nearly identical front-page layouts for half a century{{snd}} always six columns, with the day's top stories in the first and sixth columns, "What's News" digest in the second and third, the "A-hed" feature story in the fourth (with 'hed' being jargon for [[headline]]) and themed weekly reports in the fifth column<ref>{{cite web|url=http://info.wsj.com/college/guidedtour/pageone.html|title=WSJ.com Guided Tour: Page One|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090101105307/http://info.wsj.com/college/guidedtour/pageone.html|access-date=September 23, 2024|archive-date=January 1, 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{snd}} the paper in 2007 decreased its [[broadsheet]] width from 15 to 12{{nbsp}}inches while keeping the length at 22{{frac|3|4}}{{nbsp}}inches, to save [[newsprint]] costs. News design consultant [[Mario García (designer)|Mario Garcia]] collaborated on the changes. Dow Jones said it would save $18{{nbsp}}million a year in newsprint costs across all ''The Wall Street Journal'' papers.<ref>{{cite news|last=Ahrens|first=Frank|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/10/11/AR2005101101551.html|title=Wall Street Journal To Narrow Its Pages|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=October 12, 2005|access-date=August 19, 2006|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724120700/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/10/11/AR2005101101551.html|archive-date=July 24, 2008}}</ref> This move eliminated one column of print, pushing the "A-hed" out of its traditional location (though the paper now usually includes a quirky feature story on the right side of the front page, sandwiched among the lead stories). The paper uses ink dot drawings called [[hedcut]]s, introduced in 1979 and originally created by [[Kevin Sprouls]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.npg.si.edu/exh/journal/|title=Picturing Business in America|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051105024706/http://www.npg.si.edu/exh/journal/|archive-date=November 5, 2005|website=[[Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery]]|access-date=August 19, 2006}}</ref> in addition to photographs, a method of illustration considered a consistent visual signature of the paper. the ''Journal'' still heavily employs the use of [[caricatures]], including those by illustrator [[Ken Fallin]], such as when [[Peggy Noonan]] memorialized then-recently deceased newsman [[Tim Russert]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Noonan|first=Peggy|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121390975307189781|title=A Life's Lesson|date=June 20, 2008|access-date=September 23, 2024|work=The Wall Street Journal|url-status=dead|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080624231715/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB121390975307189781.html|archive-date=June 24, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bizbash.com/orlando/content/editorial/12186_caricaturist_captures_the_corporate_market.php|title=Caricaturist Captures the Corporate Market|date=August 11, 2008|website=Biz Bash Orlando|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090924092509/http://www.bizbash.com/orlando/content/editorial/12186_caricaturist_captures_the_corporate_market.php|archive-date=September 24, 2009}}</ref> The use of color photographs and graphics has become increasingly common in recent years with the addition of more "lifestyle" sections. The daily was awarded by the [[Society for News Design]] World's Best Designed Newspaper award for 1994 and 1997.<ref>{{cite web|title=World's Best-Designed winners (2006)|work=The Society for News Design - SND |url=http://www.snd.org/competitions/print/worlds-best-designed/|publisher=Society for News Design|access-date=October 8, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811101446/http://www.snd.org/competitions/print/worlds-best-designed/|archive-date=August 11, 2017|date=February 23, 2011}}</ref> ===News Corporation and News Corp=== On May 2, 2007, [[News Corporation]] made an unsolicited takeover bid for [[Dow Jones & Company|Dow Jones]], offering $60 per share for stock that had been selling for $36.33 per share.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mulligan |first1=Thomas S. |last2=Menn |first2=Joseph |title=Murdoch offers $5 billion for Wall St. Journal owner |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-may-02-fi-dowjones2-story.html |website=[[Los Angeles Times]] |access-date=15 September 2024 |date=2 May 2007}}</ref> The [[Bancroft family]], which controlled more than 60% of the voting stock, at first rejected the offer, but later reconsidered its position.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ellison |first1=Sarah |title=War at the Wall Street Journal: Inside the Struggle To Control an American Business Empire |date=2010 |publisher=[[Mariner Books]] |location=Boston |isbn=9780547152431}}</ref> Three months later, on August 1, 2007, News Corporation and Dow Jones entered into a definitive merger agreement.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/6923474.stm|title=Murdoch wins Control of Dow Jones|publisher=[[BBC News]]|date=August 1, 2007|access-date=August 1, 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070805015221/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/6923474.stm|archive-date=August 5, 2007}}</ref> The $5{{nbsp}}billion sale added ''The Wall Street Journal'' to [[Rupert Murdoch]]'s news empire, which already included [[Fox News Channel]], [[Fox Business Network]], London's ''[[The Times]]'', the ''[[New York Post]]'', and the [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] [[flagship station]] [[WNYW]] (Channel 5) and [[MyNetworkTV]] flagship [[WWOR-TV|WWOR]] (Channel 9).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna20032918|title=Murdoch clinches deal for publisher of Journal|publisher=[[NBC News]]|date=August 1, 2007|access-date=August 9, 2007|archive-date=October 23, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023174208/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/20032918/|url-status=live}}</ref> On December 13, 2007, shareholders representing more than 60 percent of Dow Jones's voting stock approved the company's acquisition by News Corporation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.portfolio.com/news-markets/top-5/2007/12/13/News-Corp-Dow-Jones-Deal-Done |title=News Corp Dow Jones Deal Done |publisher=Portfolio.com |date=September 11, 2008 |access-date=June 5, 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511054943/http://www.portfolio.com/news-markets/top-5/2007/12/13/News-Corp-Dow-Jones-Deal-Done |archive-date=May 11, 2011 }}</ref> In an editorial page column, publisher [[L. Gordon Crovitz]] said the Bancrofts and News Corporation had agreed that the ''Journal''{{'}}s news and opinion sections would preserve their editorial independence from their new corporate parent.<ref name="Crovitz">[[L. Gordon Crovitz]], "A Report to Our Readers". ''The Wall Street Journal'' (New York), page A14, August 1, 2007.</ref> A special committee was established to oversee the paper's editorial integrity. When the managing editor [[Marcus Brauchli]] resigned on April 22, 2008, the committee said that News Corporation had violated its agreement by not notifying the committee earlier. However, Brauchli said he believed that new owners should appoint their own editor.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB120949530982953531.html |title=WSJ Editor's Resignation Is Criticized By Committee |first=Steve |last=Stecklow |date=April 30, 2008 |work=The Wall Street Journal |access-date=September 27, 2008|url-access=subscription |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502202549/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB120949530982953531.html |archive-date=May 2, 2008|page=B1}}</ref> A 2007 ''Journal'' article quoted charges that Murdoch had made and broken similar promises in the past. One large shareholder commented that Murdoch has long "expressed his personal, political and [[business]] biases through his newspapers and television stations". Former ''Times'' assistant editor [[Fred Emery (journalist)|Fred Emery]] remembers an incident when "Mr. Murdoch called him into his office in March 1982 and said he was considering firing ''Times'' editor [[Harold Evans]]. Mr. Emery says he reminded Mr. Murdoch of his promise that editors couldn't be fired without the independent directors' approval. 'God, you don't take all that seriously, do you?' Mr. Murdoch answered, according to Mr. Emery." Murdoch eventually forced out Evans.<ref>{{cite news|first1=Steve|last1=Stecklow|first2=Aaron O.|last2=Patrick|first3=Martin|last3=Peers|first4=Andrew|last4=Higgins|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118100557923424501.html|title=In Murdoch's Career, A Hand on the News|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=June 5, 2007|page=A1|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071213115324/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118100557923424501.html|archive-date=December 13, 2007|access-date=September 23, 2024|url-status=dead|url-access=subscription }}</ref> In 2011, ''[[The Guardian]]'' found evidence that the ''Journal'' had artificially inflated its European sales numbers, by paying Executive Learning Partnership for purchasing 16% of European sales. These inflated sales numbers then enabled the ''Journal'' to charge similarly inflated advertising rates, as the advertisers would think that they reached more readers than they actually did. In addition, the ''Journal'' agreed to run "articles" featuring Executive Learning Partnership, presented as news, but effectively advertising.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/oct/12/wall-street-journal-andrew-langhoff|title=Wall Street Journal circulation scam claims senior Murdoch executive|date=October 12, 2011|access-date=October 13, 2011|location=London|work=[[The Guardian]]|first=Nick|last=Davies|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019182535/http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2011/oct/12/wall-street-journal-andrew-langhoff|archive-date=October 19, 2011}}</ref> The case came to light after a Belgian ''Wall Street Journal'' employee, [[Gert Van Mol]], informed Dow Jones CEO [[Les Hinton]] about the questionable practice.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/news-corp-wall-street-journal-phone-hacking-250764|title=News Corp Ignored Wall Street Journal Circulation Inflation (Report)|date=October 12, 2011|access-date=October 13, 2011|location=US|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|author=<!--Not stated.-->|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120411230654/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/news-corp-wall-street-journal-phone-hacking-250764|archive-date=April 11, 2012}}</ref> As a result, the then ''Wall Street Journal Europe'' CEO and Publisher Andrew Langhoff was fired after it was found out he personally pressured journalists into covering one of the newspaper's business partners involved in the issue.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.poynter.org/latest-news/mediawire/149205/wall-street-journal-europe-publisher-resigns-after-deal-suggested-outside-influence-over-editorial-content/|title=WSJ Europe publisher resigns after reports he 'personally pressured' journalists into covering paper's business partner|date=October 13, 2011|access-date=October 13, 2011|location=US|publisher=[[Poynter Institute]]|first=Steve|last=Meyers|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111114094516/http://www.poynter.org/latest-news/mediawire/149205/wall-street-journal-europe-publisher-resigns-after-deal-suggested-outside-influence-over-editorial-content/|archive-date=November 14, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203499704576625162816696954.html|title=Publisher of WSJ Europe Resigns After Ethics Inquiry|date=October 12, 2011|access-date=September 23, 2024|work=The Wall Street Journal|first=Paul|last=Sonne|url-status=dead|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111013062055/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203499704576625162816696954.html|archive-date=October 13, 2011}}</ref> Since September 2011, all the online articles that resulted from the ethical wrongdoing carry a ''Wall Street Journal'' disclaimer informing the readers about the circumstances in which they were created. The ''Journal'', along with its parent Dow Jones & Company, was among the businesses News Corporation spun off in 2013 as the new [[News Corp]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=June 18, 2013 |title=The New News Corp Launches as Global Media and Information Services Company |url=https://newscorp.com/2013/06/28/the-new-news-corp-launches-as-global-media-and-information-services-company/ |access-date=2024-04-21 |website=News Corp |language=en-US |archive-date=April 21, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421015745/https://newscorp.com/2013/06/28/the-new-news-corp-launches-as-global-media-and-information-services-company/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In November 2016, in an effort to cut costs, the ''Journal''{{'s}} editor-in-chief, [[Gerard Baker]], announced layoffs of staff and consolidation of its print sections. The new "Business & Finance" section combined the former "Business & Tech" and "Money & Investing" sections. The new "Life & Arts" section took the place of "Personal Journal" and "Arena". In addition, the ''Journal''{{'s}} "Greater New York" coverage was reduced and moved to the main section of paper.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://fortune.com/2016/11/02/wall-street-journal-layoffs-cuts-sections/|title=Wall Street Journal Begins Layoffs, Cuts Sections|date=November 2, 2016|access-date=November 2, 2016|location=New York|work=[[Forbes]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104012400/http://fortune.com/2016/11/02/wall-street-journal-layoffs-cuts-sections/|archive-date=November 4, 2016}}</ref> The section was shuttered on July 9, 2021.<ref name="nyt-greater-ny">{{cite news |last1=Robertson |first1=Katie |title=The Wall Street Journal will close its Greater New York section. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/17/business/wsj-greater-new-york-section.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/17/business/wsj-greater-new-york-section.html |archive-date=December 28, 2021 |url-access=limited |access-date=July 29, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=June 17, 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref> A 2018 survey conducted by [[Gallup (company)|Gallup]] and the [[Knight Foundation]] found that ''The Wall Street Journal'' was considered the third most-accurate and fourth most-unbiased news organization among the general public, tenth among [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]], and second among [[Republican Party (United States)|Republicans]].<ref>{{Cite web |author1=[[Gallup (company)|Gallup]] |author2=[[Knight Foundation]] |date=June 20, 2018 |title=Perceived accuracy and bias in the news media |url=https://knightfoundation.org/reports/perceived-accuracy-and-bias-in-the-news-media/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123044852/https://knightfoundation.org/reports/perceived-accuracy-and-bias-in-the-news-media/ |archive-date=November 23, 2021 |access-date=November 23, 2021}}</ref> In an October 2018 [[Simmons Research]] survey of 38 news organizations, ''The Wall Street Journal'' was ranked the most trusted news organization by Americans. [[Joshua Benton]] of the [[Nieman Journalism Lab]] at [[Harvard University]] wrote that the paper's "combination of respected news pages and conservative editorial pages seem to be a magic formula for generating trust across the ideological spectrum."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Benton |first=Joshua |author-link=Joshua Benton |date=October 5, 2018 |title=Here's how much Americans trust 38 major news organizations (hint: not all that much!) |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208001945/https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |archive-date=December 8, 2020 |access-date=July 24, 2022 |website=[[Nieman Lab]]}}</ref> From 2019 through 2022, the ''Journal'' partnered with [[Facebook]] to provide content for the social-media site's "News Tab". Facebook paid the ''Journal'' in excess of $10 million during that period, terminating the relationship as part of a broader shift away from news content.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fischer |first=Sara |date=July 28, 2022 |title=Meta officially cuts funding for U.S. news publishers |url=https://www.axios.com/2022/07/28/meta-publishers-news-funding-cut |access-date=August 4, 2022 |website=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |language=en |archive-date=August 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220803235841/https://www.axios.com/2022/07/28/meta-publishers-news-funding-cut |url-status=live }}</ref> On June 13, 2022, the ''Journal'' launched a [[Review site|product review website]] called ''Buy Side''.<ref name="axios220622">{{cite web |url=https://www.axios.com/2022/06/11/wsj-new-commerce-site-buy-side |title=Exclusive: WSJ debuts new commerce site "Buy Side" |last=Fischer |first=Sara |date=June 11, 2022 |website=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |access-date=August 12, 2022 |archive-date=June 29, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629155321/https://www.axios.com/2022/06/11/wsj-new-commerce-site-buy-side |url-status=live }}</ref> The website remains free and has a distinct team from the ''Journal'' newsroom.<ref name="axios220622" /> In February 2024, the ''Journal'' laid off about 20 employees, primarily economics reporters based in [[Washington, D.C.]] Moving forward, those beats will be covered by the newspaper's New York-based business team.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sommer |first=Will |date=February 2, 2024 |title=Wall Street Journal shakes up D.C. bureau with big layoffs |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/style/media/2024/02/01/wall-street-journal-shakes-up-dc-bureau-with-big-layoffs/ |access-date=February 2, 2024 |newspaper=Washington Post |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=February 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202194847/https://www.washingtonpost.com/style/media/2024/02/01/wall-street-journal-shakes-up-dc-bureau-with-big-layoffs/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The next month the paper laid off another five people from its standards and ethics team.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roush |first=Chris |date=March 18, 2024 |title=WSJ lays off five on standards and ethics team |url=https://talkingbiznews.com/media-news/wsj-lays-off-five-on-standards-and-ethics-team/ |access-date=March 19, 2024 |website=Talking Biz News |language=en-US |archive-date=March 18, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240318234147/https://talkingbiznews.com/media-news/wsj-lays-off-five-on-standards-and-ethics-team/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In April, the paper laid off at least 11 people from its video and social media desks.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bolies |first=Corbin |date=2024-04-10 |title=Wall Street Journal Has Yet Another Round of Layoffs |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/wall-street-journal-lays-off-staff-on-video-and-social-desks |access-date=2024-04-21 |work=The Daily Beast |language=en |archive-date=April 21, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421015741/https://www.thedailybeast.com/wall-street-journal-lays-off-staff-on-video-and-social-desks |url-status=live }}</ref> In May, the ''Journal'' cut six editorial staff positions from its [[Hong Kong]] bureau and another two reporter jobs in [[Singapore]]. Moving forward the paper will shift its focus in the region from Hong Kong to Singapore with new the creation of several new jobs at that bureau.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hale |first=Erin |date=May 3, 2024 |title=Wall Street Journal cuts Hong Kong staff, shifts focus to Singapore |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2024/5/3/wall-street-journal-cuts-hong-kong-staff-shifts-focus-to-singapore |access-date=2024-05-05 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |archive-date=May 5, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505013034/https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2024/5/3/wall-street-journal-cuts-hong-kong-staff-shifts-focus-to-singapore |url-status=live }}</ref> More staff were laid off a few weeks later amid further restructuring, including at least eight reporters.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Folkenflik |first=David |date=May 30, 2024 |title='Wall Street Journal' layoffs continue, despite lucrative AI deal and record profits |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/05/30/nx-s1-4986419/wall-street-journal-layoffs |access-date=June 1, 2024 |website=NPR |archive-date=May 31, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531145427/https://www.npr.org/2024/05/30/nx-s1-4986419/wall-street-journal-layoffs |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Recent milestones=== * ''WSJ Noted.'', a monthly digital magazine, launches on June 30, 2020, in a bid to attract younger readers.<ref name="noted-nieman" /> * Reaches 3 million subscribers in May 2020<ref name="biz-news-3m">{{cite news |title=News Corp CEO Thomson: WSJ reaches 3 million subscribers |url=https://talkingbiznews.com/they-talk-biz-news/news-corp-ceo-thomson-wsj-reaches-3-million-subscribers/ |last=Roush |first=Chris |author-link=Chris Roush |work=[[Talking Biz News]] |date=May 7, 2020 |access-date=July 14, 2020 |archive-date=July 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715000421/https://talkingbiznews.com/they-talk-biz-news/news-corp-ceo-thomson-wsj-reaches-3-million-subscribers/ |url-status=live }}</ref> * WSJ Live became available on mobile devices in September 2011.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/13/wall-street-journal-adds-to-live-video-programming/|title=Wall Street Journal Adds to Live Video Programming|date=September 13, 2011|work=[[The New York Times]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140804092439/http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/13/wall-street-journal-adds-to-live-video-programming/?_r=0|archive-date=August 4, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> * ''WSJ Weekend'', the weekend newspaper, expanded September 2010, with two new sections: "Off Duty" and "Review".<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shafer|first=Jack|date=September 25, 2010|title=Weekend update: The Wall Street Journal remakes its Saturday edition.|url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2010/09/weekend-update-the-wall-street-journal-remakes-its-saturday-edition.html|access-date=September 13, 2020|website=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|archive-date=January 16, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116092731/https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2010/09/weekend-update-the-wall-street-journal-remakes-its-saturday-edition.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=June 2, 2018|title=Introducing Exchange From The Wall Street Journal|work=The Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/introducing-exchange-from-the-wall-street-journal-1527912001|access-date=September 23, 2024|issn=0099-9660|archive-date=June 2, 2018|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180602155211/https://www.wsj.com/articles/introducing-exchange-from-the-wall-street-journal-1527912001|url-status=dead|url-access=subscription}}</ref> * "Greater New York", a stand-alone, full-color section dedicated to the [[New York metropolitan area|New York metro]] area, ran from April 2010 until July 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gettyimages.de/ereignis/wall-street-journal-launches-ny-section-aiming-to-compete-with-ny-times-97735559#an-issue-of-the-wall-street-journal-is-viewed-beside-the-new-york-on-picture-id98674763|title=Wall Street Journal Launches NY Section, Aiming To Compete With NY Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815182308/http://www.gettyimages.de/ereignis/wall-street-journal-launches-ny-section-aiming-to-compete-with-ny-times-97735559#an-issue-of-the-wall-street-journal-is-viewed-beside-the-new-york-on-picture-id98674763|archive-date=August 15, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="nyt-greater-ny" /> * ''The Wall Street Journal''{{'s}} San Francisco Bay Area Edition, which focuses on local news and events, launched on November 5, 2009, appearing locally each Thursday in the print ''Journal'' and every day online at WSJ.com/SF.<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 5, 2009|title='Wall Street Journal' launches San Francisco edition|url=https://adage.com/article/btob/8216-wall-street-journal-8217-launches-san-francisco-edition/277225|access-date=September 13, 2020|website=adage.com|archive-date=November 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126220058/https://adage.com/article/btob/8216-wall-street-journal-8217-launches-san-francisco-edition/277225|url-status=live}}</ref> * ''WSJ Weekend'', formerly called ''Saturday's Weekend Edition'': September 2005.<ref>{{Cite news|date=September 16, 2004|title=Journal to Start Weekend Edition Next September|work=The Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB109526182995618560|access-date=September 13, 2020|issn=0099-9660|archive-date=October 12, 2023|archive-url=https://archive.today/20231012182038/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB109526182995618560|url-status=dead|url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Launch of ''Today's Journal'', which included both the addition of ''Personal Journal'' and color capacity to the ''Journal'': April 2002.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Newswires|first=Dow Jones|date=May 13, 2003|title=Dow Jones Ad Linage Remained Soft in April|work=The Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB105284668510262500|access-date=September 13, 2020|issn=0099-9660|archive-date=January 6, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106162207/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB105284668510262500|url-status=live}}</ref> * Launch of ''The Wall Street Journal Sunday'': September 12, 1999. A four-page print supplement of original investing news, market reports and personal-finance advice that ran in the business sections of other U.S. newspapers. ''WSJ Sunday'' circulation peaked in 2005 with 84 newspapers reaching nearly 11 million homes. The publication ceased on February 7, 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/goodbye-from-the-wsj-sunday-1423359901|title=Goodbye From The WSJ Sunday|date=February 8, 2015|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=September 23, 2024|archive-date=February 8, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208041727/https://www.wsj.com/articles/goodbye-from-the-wsj-sunday-1423359901|url-status=dead|url-access=subscription}}</ref> * ''Friday Journal'', formerly called ''First Weekend Journal'': March 20, 1998.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=January 2012|title=The Wall Street Journal|url=http://wsjpro.com/djcom/FactSheets/WallStreetJournalFactSheet.pdf|website=wsjpro.com|access-date=September 13, 2020|archive-date=November 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123162007/http://wsjpro.com/djcom/FactSheets/WallStreetJournalFactSheet.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> * WSJ.com launched in April 1996.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/info-wsjlookback06.html|title=WSJ.com|website=online.wsj.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161219233253/http://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/info-wsjlookback06.html|archive-date=December 19, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> * First three-section ''Journal'': October 1988.<ref name=":3" /> * First two-section ''Journal'': June 1980.<ref name=":3" />
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