Editing Throwing Muses (section)

== History ==
=== 1983–1986: Formation, first EP and ''The Doghouse Cassette'', debut album ===
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Throwing Muses bw promo.jpg|left|thumb|Narcizo, Hersh, Donelly, Langston – 4AD promotional photo, 1986]] -->
Throwing Muses were formed in 1983 by [[Kristin Hersh]] and her stepsister [[Tanya Donelly]], who were both attending [[Rogers High School (Newport, Rhode Island)|Rogers High School]].<ref name="Larkin"/> They initially called themselves "Kristin Hersh and the Muses",<ref name="4AD">{{cite web |url=http://4ad.com/artists/throwingmuses |title=Throwing Muses |publisher=4AD |access-date=July 16, 2013}}</ref> in which they were accompanied by bass player Elaine Adamedes and drummer Becca Blumen, who later were replaced by Leslie Langston and David Narcizo, respectively.<ref name=4AD /> Narcizo did not originally know how to play the drums, but when Hersh told him Blumen had left the band and he could join, Narcizo said, "I had never played a drum kit before – all I'd played was marching drums and concert drums. We found somebody whose kit we could borrow, but it arrived without cymbals. I learned to play on it without cymbals which then became my trademark early on."<ref name="Larkin"/>

Throwing Muses released their debut self-titled [[Extended Play|EP]] in 1984 on their own Blowing Fuses label. In 1985, they released a set of demos, later known as "The Doghouse Cassette," garnering a number-one [[college radio]] hit, "Sinkhole" and extensive coverage in the local music press. Demo producer Gary Smith of [[Fort Apache Studios]] led them to sign with [[4AD]], where they became the label's first American band.<ref name=4AD /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/throwing-muses-mn0000925528/biography |title=Throwing Muses – Biography |publisher=Allmusic |access-date=July 16, 2013}}</ref> Kristin recalls, "I signed with them because [owner] Ivo [Watts-Russell] was funny and goofy, and that was about it."<ref name="quietus">{{cite web |last=Freeman |first=John |url=http://thequietus.com/articles/07210-throwing-muses-interview |title=Counting Backwards: Throwing Muses Interviewed |publisher=The Quietus |date=October 24, 2011}}</ref> In 1986, they released their [[Throwing Muses (1986 album)|self-titled debut album]] produced by [[Gil Norton]]. Hersh has written the memoir ''[[Rat Girl]]'' about the year the band moved to Boston, was signed, and recorded their first album.<ref>{{cite news |last=Sheffield |first=Rob |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/10/books/review/Sheffield-t.html?_r=0 |title=Punk Days |work=The New York Times |date=October 8, 2010}}</ref>

=== 1987–1991: further EPs, ''House Tornado'', ''Hunkpapa'' and ''The Real Ramona'' ===
In 1987, Throwing Muses released two [[Extended play|EPs]], ''Chains Changed'' and ''The Fat Skier'', released July 6. These were followed in 1988 by their second [[studio album]], ''[[House Tornado]]'', produced by [[Gary Smith (record producer)|Gary Smith]] and engineered by [[Paul Kolderie]]; it was recorded at [[Fort Apache Studios]] in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]. The album was released internationally on the 4AD label, except in the United States, where it was released by [[Sire Records]]. Sire used a different album cover for its release, as the label was putting a strong promotional push behind the band, and label executives favored a picture of the band over the collage featured on the 4AD release. Both ''House Tornado'' and ''the Fat Skier'' were combined on a single [[CD]] in a later release. The band embarked on a tour of the UK, supported by the [[Pixies (band)|Pixies]], to support ''House Tornado''.<ref name=4AD /><ref name=quietus />

In 1989, the band released their third album, ''[[Hunkpapa (album)|Hunkpapa]]'', which was produced by Gary Smith and engineered by Steve Haigler. The album saw Hersh experimenting with more conventional melodic structures, although the fractious lyrics remained. The song “Dizzy” was released as a single.

In 1990, bassist Leslie Langston left and was replaced by Fred Abong.<ref name="Larkin"/> Throwing Muses recorded their fourth album, ''[[The Real Ramona]]'' during the same year.<ref name="Larkin"/> ''The Real Ramona'' is considered to have a more poppy sound than their previous records.<ref>{{cite web |last=Phares |first=Heather |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-real-ramona-mw0000262716 |title=The Real Ramona |publisher=Allmusic |access-date=July 16, 2013}}</ref> The song "Counting Backwards" from the album was released as a single. Shortly after the album's release in 1991, Tanya Donelly left the Muses to form [[Belly (band)|Belly]], taking Abong with her.<ref name="Larkin"/>

=== 1992–2002: Work as trio – ''Red Heaven'', ''University'', ''Limbo'' and disbandment ===
With Donelly not being replaced, Throwing Muses opted to continue as a trio, with [[Bernard Georges]] replacing Abong on bass.<ref name="Larkin"/> In 1992, the band made a fresh start recording their fifth album ''[[Red Heaven]]''<ref name="Larkin"/> at [[The Power Station (recording studio)|The Power Station]] and [[Fort Apache Studios]]. The album was produced by Throwing Muses and Steve Boyer, and also featured guest appearances by Leslie Langston and by [[Hüsker Dü]] frontman [[Bob Mould]] (the latter duetting with Hersh on the song "Dio").<ref name=4AD />

In 1993, they recorded their sixth album, ''[[University (album)|University]]''. Hersh recorded her debut album, ''[[Hips and Makers]]'', immediately after recording finished on ''University''. ''Hips and Makers'' was released first, in 1994, which delayed the release of ''University'' until 1995.<ref>Strauss, Neil (March 9, 1995). "[http://eyesore.no/tfdi/counting/Throwing_Muses/interviews/Dominatrix.html My So-Called Double Life: Kristin Hersh of Throwing Muses Finds the Common Ground Between Motherhood and Rock & Roll]". ''Rolling Stone''.</ref> ''University'' gave the band their first national U.S. hit, "[[Bright Yellow Gun]]". The album was favorably reviewed.

Throwing Muses released their seventh album, ''[[Limbo (Throwing Muses album)|Limbo]]'', which was followed by a tour. However, the band disbanded in 1997 as [[Kristin Hersh]] went on to continue her solo career.<ref>Freydkin, Donna (August 19, 1999). [http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/Music/9908/19/kristin.hersh/ "Kristin Hersh Checks Into her 'Sky Motel'"]. CNN Interactive.</ref>

=== 2002–present: Reformation – ''Throwing Muses'', ''Purgatory'', etc. ===
In March 2003, Throwing Muses came back with their eighth album, ''[[Throwing Muses (2003 album)|Throwing Muses]]'', which also saw the return of Tanya Donelly who provided backing vocals on the album. A greatest hits compilation titled ''Anthology'' was released in 2011. The band's ninth album, ''[[Purgatory / Paradise (2013 album)|Purgatory / Paradise]]'' was released on October 29, 2013 in the UK and November 11 in the US.<ref>Zolandz, Lindsay (October 24, 2013). [http://pitchfork.com/news/52765-video-throwing-muses-sunray-venus/ "Video: Throwing Muses – 'Sunray Venus'"]. Pitchfork.</ref>

In early 2014, the band toured a few U.S. cities, with Donelly opening for the East Coast dates.<ref>(February 28, 2014) [http://schedule.noisepop.com/event/2014/02/28/throwing-muses Throwing Muses, Mark Eitzel] Noise Pop 2014.</ref><ref>(January 20, 2014) [http://www.slicingupeyeballs.com/2014/01/20/throwing-muses-tour-dates-tanya-donelly/ "Throwing Muses announce handful of U.S. dates — including 2 with Tanya Donelly"] [[Slicing Up Eyeballs]].</ref>

The first single from their new album ''[[Sun Racket]]'', titled "Dark Blue", was released in February 2020.<ref name="RS200225">{{cite magazine|last=Martoccio|first=Angie|date=February 25, 2020|title=Throwing Muses Announce New Album, Drop 'Dark Blue'|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/throwing-muses-new-album-dark-single-blue-957662/|magazine=Rolling Stone|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref> The album was released on Fire Records on September 4, 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-24|title=Throwing Muses – Sun Racket|url=https://www.firerecords.com/product/throwing-muses-sun-racket/|access-date=2020-10-14|website=FIRE RECORDS|language=en-US}}</ref>

The new album titled ''Moonlight Concessions'' released in March 2025 again on Fire Records was preceded by three singles. The album was very well received by critics. <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2025/mar/14/throwing-muses-moonlight-concessions-review-kristin-hersh | title=Throwing Muses: Moonlight Concessions review – as ever, Kristin Hersh is astonishing | work=The Guardian | date=March 14, 2025 | last1=Chick | first1=Stevie }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://tinnitist.com/2025/03/13/albums-of-the-week-throwing-muses-moonlight-concessions/ | title=Albums of the Week: Throwing Muses &#124; Moonlight Concessions | date=March 14, 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://narcmagazine.com/album-review-throwing-muses-moonlight-concessions/ | title=ALBUM REVIEW: Throwing Muses – Moonlight Concessions }}</ref>