Editing Timeline of ancient Greece (section)

== Archaic Period (785–481 BC) ==
*
*[[777 BC|777]] [[Cumae]] is founded by [[Chalcis]]
*[[776 BC|776]] Traditional date for the first historic [[Ancient Olympic Games|Olympic]] games.
*[[757 BC|757]] The [[First Messenian War]] starts. (Date disputed by [[Jerome]], [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]] and [[Diodorus]]; this estimate is based on a reading of Diodorus' Spartan king lists and Pausanias' description of the war).
*[[756 BC|756]] [[Cyzicus|Kyzikus]] is settled by [[Ionians]]
*[[754 BC|754]] [[Polydorus of Sparta|Polydorus]] becomes king of [[Sparta]].
*753 Athens: Office of [[Archon]] reduced to 10 years. Members of the ruling family to possess the office starting with Charops. (Dating based on Pausanias).
*[[743 BC|743]] [[Rhegion]] is founded by [[Euboea]]ns
*[[740 BC|740]] [[Zancle]] is founded by Euboeans
*[[738 BC|738]] Alternative date for the end of the [[First Messenian War]].
*[[737 BC|737]] Rhegion and Zancle join in union under Zancle
*[[735 BC|735]] [[Perdiccas I of Macedon]] flees from [[Argos, Peloponnese|Argos]] to [[Macedon]]ia and conquers the land.
*[[734 BC|734]] [[Polydorus of Sparta|Polydorus]] sends colonists to Italy.
*734 Syracuse is founded by [[Korinth]]ians and [[Tenea]]ns
*734 [[Kerkyra]] is founded by Korinthians
*[[733 BC|733]] [[Naxos (Sicily)]] is founded by Euboeans
*733 [[Megara Hyblaea|Troliton]] is founded by [[Megara]]ns
*[[732 BC|732]] Euboea splits between [[Chalcis]] and [[Eretria]] due to disputes
*[[731 BC|731]] [[Sigeion]] is founded by [[Mytilene]]
*731 [[Catania]] is founded by Chalcidians
*[[730s BC|730]] [[Leontini]] is founded by Naxos and controlled by the tyrant [[Euarchus]]
*730 Troliton is abandoned and settlers settled in Leontini
*[[728 BC|728]] Troliton settlers are ostracized from Leontini and settle [[Megara Hyblaea|Thapsos]]
*[[727 BC|727]]–717 Hippomenes, archon of Athens, kills his daughter's adulterer by yoking him to his chariot and then locks his daughter [[Leimone]] in with a horse until she dies. (Pausanias and [[Aristotle]]).
*{{Circa|725}} [[Lelantine War]] between [[Chalcis]] and [[Eretria]]. Many Greek cities are allied with one or the other. Dates before this time uncertain.
*[[725 BC|725]] Thapsos abandoned and [[Megara Hyblaea]] is settled by the Thapsos settlers
*[[720s BC|720s]]/710s [[Drought]]s on [[Euboea]]
*[[720s BC|720]] Korinth removes the [[Liburnia]]ns from Kerkyra
*720: [[Sybaris]] is founded by [[Achaea]]ns from [[Helike|Helice]] 
*[[719 BC|719]] [[Polydorus]], King of Sparta, is murdered by Polymarchus.
*[[716 BC|716]] [[Mylae]] is founded and annexed by Zancle
*716 According to legend: The reign of the [[List of kings of Lydia#Tylonids (Heraclids)|Heraklid]]s over [[Lydia]] is ended when [[Candaules]], known as [[Myrsilus]] to the Greeks, is murdered by Gyges because of his wife's anger.
*[[715 BC|715]] Lydia annexes [[Colophon (city)|Colophon]] and [[Magnesia on the Maeander|Magnesia]] and sieges [[Smyrna]]
*[[712 BC|712]] Lydia abandons the siege of Smyrna and annexes parts of [[Troad]] and [[Magnesia ad Sipylum|Sipylus]]
*712 Korinth annexes [[Perachora|Perachora peninsula]] from Megara
*[[710s BC|710s]] Eretrian abandonment of Andros
*[[709 BC|709]] [[Crotone|Kroton]] is founded by Achaeans
*[[707 BC|707]] [[Taranto|Taras]] is founded by Dorians
*[[705 BC|705]] [[Hybla Minor]] is annexed by Megara Hyblaea
*[[704 BC|704]] Korinth gives [[Samos]] 4 ships
*[[700 BC|700]] The town of [[Phaselis]] is founded by the [[Rhodes|Rhodians]]
*700 [[Erythra]] is annexed by [[Rhegion]]{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}}
*[[699 BC|699]] [[Metapontum|Metapontion]] is founded by Kroton and Sybaris
*[[698 BC|698]] Euarchus is overthrown by Leontini
*[[696 BC|696]] [[Lefkandi]] is occupied by Chalcis
*[[695 BC|695]] [[Polieum]] is founded by Ionians
*[[691 BC|691]] [[Antandrus]] is founded and annexed by Mytilene
*[[690 BC|690]] [[Pheidon]] becomes tyrant of Argos.
*[[689 BC|689]] Gela is founded by [[Crete|Cretans]] and Rodians
*[[688 BC|688]] Arisba is annexed by [[Mithymna|Methymna]] and Mytilene declares war on Methymna
*[[687 BC|687]] Annual office of [[Archon]] established in Athens. Any Athenian [[citizen]] can be elected to the office if they have the qualifications. [[Eponymous archon#Annual archons|Creon]] elected first annual archon. (Dating based on Pausanias).
*[[686 BC|686]] Methymna is annexed by Mytilene
*686 Megara gains independence from Korinth
*[[685 BC|685]] The second [[Messenia|Messenian war]] begins.
*685 [[Chalcedon]] is founded by Megarans
*[[680 BC|680]] [[Locri|Epizephyrian Lokros]] is founded by [[Opus, Greece|Opus]]
*[[676 BC|676]] [[Pergamon]] is founded by Ionians
*[[674 BC|674]] [[Karystos|Karystus]] is occupied by Korinth
*[[672 BC|672]] [[Abydos (Hellespont)|Abydos]] is settled by [[Miletus]]
*[[671 BC|671]] Melia is destroyed by Samos and [[Priene]], Samos builds [[Fort Carium]] to replace it and Samos and Priene split Melia
*[[670 BC|670]] Miletus is sieged by Lydia, Priene is annexed by Lydia, Samos annexes former Melian territory
*[[669 BC|669]] or 668 [[Battle of Hysiae (669 BC)|Battle of Hysiae]]
*[[668 BC|668]] Lydia abandons siege of Mietus
*[[667 BC|667]] [[Byzantium]] is founded by Korinthians
*[[665 BC|665]] The second Messenian war ends.
*[[664 BC|664]] Corcyran Revolt and [[Corfu|First Sea Battle]] in ancient Greece between Corcyra and Korinthos
*664 [[Akrai]] is founded and annexed by Syracuse
*[[657 BC|657]] [[Cypselus]] subjects [[Corinth]] to tyranny.
*657 Founding of Lekas by Corinth
*[[655 BC|655]] [[Akanthos (Greece)|Akanthus]] and [[Stagira (ancient city)|Stageira]] are founded by [[Andros]]i
*[[654 BC|654]] [[Abdera, Thrace|Abdera]] is founded by [[Klazomenai]]tes
*[[652 BC|652]] Ephesus and Priene are sacked by [[Cimmerians]]
*[[651 BC|651]] Levantine War ends, Chalcis wins and annexes Levantine Plain
*[[650 BC|650]] The Pontic Pentapolis: [[Apollonia, Thrace|Apollonia]], [[Callatis]], [[Nessebar|Mesembria (Nessebar)]], [[Varna, Bulgaria|Odessos (Varna)]], and [[Constanța|Tomis (Constanța)]], all on the [[Euxine|Euxeinos Pontos]].
*650 Andros, [[Kea (island)|Kea]] and [[Tinos|Tenos]] gain independence from Eretria, Cypselus leaves Karystus
*650 Syracuse annexes [[Necropolis of Pantalica|Pantalica]]
*[[648 BC|648]] [[Himera]] is founded by Zancleans
*[[645 BC|645]]–560 [[Sparta]]n wars with [[Tegea]] all unsuccessful
*[[643 BC|643]] [[Casmenae|Kasmenai]] is founded and annexed by Syracuse
*[[637 BC|637]]–630 Drought on [[Santorini|Thera]]
*[[633 BC|633]] [[Ambracia|Ambrakia]] founded by Tyrant [[List of ancient Greek tyrants|Gorgus]] and Korinthians
*[[632 BC|632]] [[Cylon (ancient Athenian)|Cylon]], Athenian noble, seizes [[Acropolis, Athens|Acropolis]] and tries unsuccessfully to make himself king
*[[631 BC|631]] [[Battus I of Cyrene|Battus]] establishes a Greek colony in [[Cyrene, Libya|Cyrene]] in [[Libya]].
*[[630s BC|630]] [[Helorus]] is founded and annexed by Syracuse
*630 [[Histria (ancient city)|Histria]] is established by [[Miletus|Milesian]] settlers in order to facilitate trade with the native [[Getae]].
*630 Founding of [[Tripolis on the Meander|Tripolis]] by Samos
*630 Formal [[Pederasty in ancient Greece|pederasty]] is introduced, first in Crete, as a means of population control and an educational modality.
*[[628 BC|628]] [[Selinunte|Selinus]] is founded by Hyblaea Megarans
*[[627 BC|627]] [[Epidamnos|Epidamos]] is founded by Kerkyreans
*627 Cypselus is succeeded by [[Periander]]
*[[625 BC|625]] Establishment of [[Naucratis]]
*[[621 BC|621]] [[Draco (lawgiver)|Draco]], Athenian lawgiver, issues code of laws, with many crimes punishable by death.
*621 [[Epidaurus]] is annexed by Korinth
*[[619 BC|619]] Herbessus is annexed by Syracuse
*[[616 BC|616]] Miletus is sieged by Lydia
*[[615 BC|615]] Leontini is overthrown by Panaetius
*[[612 BC|612]] Miletus is overthrown by [[Thrasybulus of Miletus|Thrasybulos]]
*[[610 BC|610]] [[Panticapaeum]] (modern city [[Kerch]]) is founded by [[Miletus|Milesians]]
*[[609 BC|609]] Panaetius is oust by Leontini
*[[606 BC|606]] Gorgus is succeeded by [[List of ancient Greek tyrants|Periander]]
*[[604 BC|604]] Lydia abandons the Siege of Miletus
*[[603 BC|603]] Athenai annexes Sigeion
*[[601 BC|601]] Miletus and Korinth become allies
*[[600 BC|600]] [[Marseille#History|Massalia]] founded by [[Phocaean]] Greeks (approximate date).<ref name=lippincott1952>{{Citation |publisher = Columbia University Press |location = New York |editor = Leon E. Seltzer |title = Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World |date = 1952 |ol=6112221M |page= 1157 }}</ref>
*600 [[Segesta]] is [[Hellenization|Hellenized]] by Ionians
*[[598 BC|598]] [[Akrillai]] is founded and annexed by Syracuse
*598 [[Kamarina, Sicily|Kamarina]] is founded and annexed by Syracuse
*[[597 BC|597]] [[Delphi]] gains independence from [[Kirrha]]
*[[596 BC|596]] [[Palaiopoli, Andros|Paleopoli]] is founded by Samosi
*[[595 BC|595]] [[Salamis Island|Salamis]] is annexed by Athens
*595 Start of the [[First Sacred War]]
*[[594 BC|594]] Kirrha is sieged by [[Amphictyonic League]]
*594 [[Solon]], Athenian statesman, becomes [[Archons of Athens|Archon]] pre-582 BC (cf. ML6 and [[Plutarch]] Sol. 14)—later, when member of the [[Areopagus]] is appointed to effect social reforms in order to preserve order in [[Athens]], which include the abolition of the security of debts on a debtor's person (Aristotle Ath. Pol. 6), returning exiled Athenian slaves (Solon fr. 4 in Ath. Pol. 12), changing the value of weights and measures to the Korinthian standard, prohibiting the export of grain from [[Attica]] and encouraging the planting of olives (Plut. Sol. 22–4), established the property classes (Ar. Ath. Pol. 7) and the council of 400 (Ar. Ath. Pol. 8).
*[[592 BC|592]] Ephesus is sieged by Persia
*[[590 BC|590]] Siege of [[Ephesus]] is abandoned, Lydia annexes Smyrna and [[Medes|Median]]-Lydian war starts
*590 Muorica (Renamed [[Modica]]) is annexed by Syracuse
*590 [[Sappho]], Greek poet, flourishes on island of [[Lesbos Island|Lesbos]].
*[[589 BC|589]] Klazomenai is sieged by Lydia
*[[588 BC|588]] [[Paestum|Poseidonia]] is founded by Sybaris
*[[587 BC|587]] Siege of Klazomenai is abandoned by Lydia
*[[586 BC|586]] Death of [[Lycophron of Corinth|Lycophron]] tyrant of Corcyra
*586 [[Plataea]] gains independence from [[Thebes, Greece|Thebai]]
*[[585 BC|585]] [[Kirra, Phocis|Kirrha]] is destroyed
*585 Lydian-Median border set at [[Kızılırmak River|Halys River]]
*585 The philosopher [[Thales]] of [[Miletus]] predicts a solar eclipse that occurs during the [[Eclipse of Thales|Battle of Halys]].
*585 Periander is overthrown by [[Periander|Psammetichus]]
*585 End of the First Sacred War
*[[583 BC|583]] Psammetichus is overthrown by Korinth
*[[582 BC|582]] [[Agrigento|Akragas]] is founded by Gelans
*582: First recorded [[Pythian Games]]
*[[581 BC|581]] Selinus attacks [[Motya]]
*581 Korinth join the [[Peloponnesian League]]
*[[580 BC|580]] Foundation of [[History of Naples|Parthenope]]
*580 Selinus is defeated by [[Carthage]] and withdraws from Motya
*580 Periander is overthrown by democrats in Ambrakia
*580 [[Ancient Elis|Elis]] joins the Peloponnesian League
*580 [[Lipari]] is founded by [[Knidos]]i
*[[578 BC|578]] Thrasybulos dies
*[[575 BC|575]] [[Empúries]], also known as Ampurias (Greek: Ἐμπόριον, Catalan: Empúries [əmˈpuɾiəs], Spanish: Ampurias [amˈpuɾjas]), a town on the Mediterranean coast of the Catalan comarca of Alt Empordà in Catalonia, Spain is founded by Greek colonists from Phocaea with the name of Ἐμπόριον (Emporion, meaning "trading place", cf. emporion).
*[[572 BC|572]] [[Pisa, Greece|Pisa]] and [[Olympia, Greece|Olympia]] are annexed by Elis
*[[570 BC|570]] Akragas is overthrown by [[Phalaris]]
*570 [[Phocaea]]ns from Massalia (modern day [[Marseille]]) founded the colony of [[Monaco|Monoikos (Monaco)]].<ref name="Klieger2012">{{cite book|author=P. Christiaan Klieger|title=The Microstates of Europe: Designer Nations in a Post-Modern World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CrfwGa4aCwYC&pg=PA165|date=29 November 2012|publisher=Lexington Books|isbn=978-0-7391-7427-2|pages=165–}}</ref>
*[[570 BC|569]] [[Pythagoras]] is born.
*[[565 BC|565]] [[Peisistratos]], Athenian general, organizes [[Diakrioi]], party of poor people.
*[[561 BC|561]] [[Peisistratos]] takes power in [[Athens]] for first time.
*[[560 BC|560]] Ephesus is besieged by Lydia
*560 Phalaris annexes Himera
*[[559 BC|559]] Ephesus is annexed by Lydia
*559-550 Lydia annexes [[Aeolis]] and Ionia
*559 [[Achilleion (Troad)|Achilleion]] is founded and annexed by Mytilene
*[[557 BC|557]] Argos is overthrown by [[List of ancient Greek tyrants|Perilaus]]
*[[556 BC|556]] [[Phlius]] is overthrown by [[Leo of Phlius|Leo]]
*[[555 BC|555]] Helike ([[Elche]]) is established by Greeks from the Achaian city of Helice
*555 [[Peisistratos]] driven out by Lycurgus who is commander of nobles.
*555 [[Miltiades the Elder|Miltiades I]] unites [[Gallipoli|Thracian Chernessos]] under his rule
*[[554 BC|554]] Phalaris is overthrown by Akragas and Himera gains independence
*[[553 BC|553]] Kamarina declares independence from Syracuse
*[[552 BC|552]] Kamarina is annexed by Syracuse
*[[551 BC|551]] Telemachus overthrows Akragas
*[[550 BC|550]] [[Minoa]] is founded by Selinus
*550 [[Odessa]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.odessaguide.net/sights_excavationsite.ru.html|title=Одесские достопримечательности — раскопки греческого поселения|first=Igor|last=Kalinin|work=odessaguide.net}}</ref> is established by the [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] city of [[Histria (ancient city)|Histria]].
*550 [[Miltiades|Miltiades II]] is born
*[[549 BC|549]] [[Peisistratos]] restored by help of [[Megacles]].
*549 [[Boeotia|Boeotian League]] is founded
*[[548 BC|548]] [[Lesbos]] sieges Sigeion
*[[547 BC|547]] Athens repulses the Lesbans and Sigeion (Now ruled by Hegesistratos) becomes an Athenian vassal
*[[546 BC|546]] [[Sparta]] annexes [[Cynuria|Kynouria]], [[Thyrea, Greece|Thyrea]] and [[Kythira|Kythera]] from [[Argos, Peloponnese|Argos]]
*546 [[Croesus]], rich king of [[Lydia]], captured at [[Sardis]] by [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]].
*[[545 BC|545]] Miletus is overthrown by Molpagoras
*545 [[Lygdamis of Naxos|Lygdamis]] becomes Tyrant of [[Naxos]]
*545 The [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greek]] colony of [[Tmutarakan|Hermonassa]] ([[Krasnodar Krai]], [[Russia]]) is founded by [[Ionians]] and [[Crete|Cretans]].<ref>M.J. Traister and T.V. Shelov-Kovedyayev, [http://www.ascsa.edu.gr/pdf/uploads/hesperia/148218.pdf “An inscribed conical clay object from Hermonassa”]</ref>
*[[544 BC|544]] [[Abdera, Thrace|Abdera]] starts its Golden Age
*[[543 BC|543]] [[Phanagoria]], ([[Krasnodar Krai]], [[Russia]]), is founded by [[Teos|Teian]] colonists who had to flee [[Asia Minor]] in consequence of their conflict with [[Cyrus the Great]].
*[[542 BC|542]] [[Peisistratos]] expelled, makes fortune from [[Thrace|Thracian]] mines.
*542 The colony of [[Anapa|Gorgippia]] ([[Krasnodar Krai]], [[Russia]]) was built by [[Pontic Greeks]].
*[[541 BC|541]] Telemachus is overthrown by [[List of ancient Greek tyrants|Alcamenes]]
*[[540 BC|540]] Naxan vassalization of [[Paros]]
*540 Selinus is overthrown by [[List of ancient Greek tyrants|Theron]]
*[[538 BC|538]] Sybaris conquers Siris
*538 Samos is overthrown by [[Polycrates]]
*[[536 BC|536]] Samos annexes South [[Mycale]] from Miletus
*[[535 BC|535]] Perilaus dies
*[[534 BC|534]] Athens starts extracting [[tribute]] from [[Ios]]
*532 [[Peisistratos]] restored by [[Thessaly]] and [[Lygdamis of Naxos]].
*[[531 BC|531]] [[Icaria|Ikaria]] is annexed by Samos
*[[530 BC|530]] [[Emporion]] becomes a Carthaginian vassal
*530 [[Maktorion]] is founded by exiled Gelans
*530 Tegea joins the Peloponnesian League
*[[529 BC|529]] Leo dies
*[[528 BC|528]] Maktorion is abandoned and the settlers move to Gela
*[[527 BC|527]] [[Peisistratos]] dies, succeeded by sons [[Hippias (tyrant)|Hippias]] and [[Hipparchus (son of Peisistratos)|Hipparchus]].
*527 [[Rineia]] and [[Delos]] are annexed by Samos
*[[525 BC|525]] Netum is annexed by Syracuse
*525 The [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greek]] city of Euesperides, (modern day [[Benghazi]]) is founded by people from [[Cyrene, Libya|Cyrene]]
*525 Persian [[Cambyses II]], son of [[Cyrus the Great]] takes Egypt.
*[[524 BC|524]] Samos annexes [[Donousa]]
*524 Lgydamis of Naxos is overthrown
*[[520s BC|523]] Chalcedon is annexed by Persian Empire
*[[522 BC|522]] Death of Polycrates of Samos and succession of [[Syloson|Maiandrios]]
*[[521 BC|521]] Overthrow of Maiandros by Persian backed [[Syloson]]
*[[520 BC|520]] Peithagoras overthrows Theron
*[[519 BC|519]] Plataea leaves the Boeotian League and is sieged by the latter
*519 Miltiades is overthrown by Stesagoras
*519 Abydos declares independence from Stesagoras and is led by the Persian Tyrant [[List of ancient Greek tyrants|Daphnis]]
*[[518 BC|518]] Athens repulses the Boeotians from Plataea
*[[517 BC|517]] Sybaris is overthrown by [[List of ancient Greek tyrants|Telys]]
*[[516 BC|516]] Miltiades II an Athenian Tyrant succeeds Stesagoras and reincorporates Abydos
*516 Cassaibile is annexed by Syracuse
*[[515 BC|515]] Molpagoras is succeeded by [[Histiaeus|Histiaeos]]
*515 [[Hippias (son of Pisistratus)|Hippias]] becomes sole ruler after the death of [[Hipparchus (son of Pisistratus)|Hipparchus]].
*[[514 BC|514]] Tenedos, Lesbos and Abydos is annexed by Persian Empire
*[[513 BC|513]] Miltiades II defects from Athens to Persia
*513 [[Myrkinos|Myrcinos]] is founded by Ionians
*513 Persia annexes [[Thrace]] (Region)
*513 [[Cinyps, Libya]], a failed Greek attempt to build a city under the leadership of [[Dorieus]].<ref name="temehu">{{cite web|url=http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm|title=Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania!|publisher=Temehu|access-date=10 May 2012}}</ref>
*[[512 BC|512]] Antandrus is annexed by Persian Empire
*512 Persian vassalization of Naxos
*[[511 BC|511]] [[Piraeus]] is founded and annexed by Athens
*511 Thracian Chernessos is annexed by Persian Empire
*[[510 BC|510]] Kroton annexes Sybaris and overthrows Telys
*510 [[Pythagoras]] establishes his own school.
*510 Peithagoras is overthrown by [[List of ancient Greek tyrants|Euryleon]]
*510 Minoa is renamed Heraclea Minoa
*510 Cinyps is annexed by Carthage
*[[508 BC|508]] Andros and Naxos are annexed by Persian Empire
*508 [[Hippias (son of Pisistratus)|Hippias]] is forced to leave Athens.
*[[507 BC|507]] Plataea is sieged by Boeotian League
*507 [[Cleisthenes]], Greek reformer, takes power, increases democracy.
*[[506 BC|506]] Boeotian League is repulsed from Plataea by Athens
*506 Cumae is overthrown by [[Aristodemus of Cumae|Aristodemus]]
*506 Alcamenes is overthrown by [[List of ancient Greek tyrants|Alcandros]]
*506 The [[Lelantine Plain|Levantine Plain]] is conquered by Athens and becomes a [[Cleruchy|Cleurchy]]
*[[505 BC|505]] Hegesistratos of Sigeion dies
*505 [[Cleander of Gela|Cleander]] overthrows Gela
*[[504 BC|504]] [[List of ancient Greek tyrants|Cleinias]] overthrows Croton<ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HX4OAAAAQAAJ&dq=cleinias+croton&pg=PA459 | title=The History and Antiquities of the Doric Race | last1=Müller | first1=Karl Otfried | date=1839 }}</ref>
*504 Taras [[Iapygian-Tarentine Wars|defeats]] the [[Iapygians]]
*[[503 BC|503]] [[Naxos]] declares independence from the Persian Empire
*[[502 BC|502]] Euryleon is overthrown by Selinus
*[[500 BC|500]] [[Pythagoras]] dies in Croton, Italy
*500 Heraclea Minoa is sacked by Carthage
*500 [[Morgantina]] and [[Centuripe]] are hellenized and [[Licodia Eubea|Licodia]] is founded by Leontini
*[[499 BC|499]] Miletus Siege of Naxos (Naxan Victory)
*499 Independence of Paros
*499 Alcandros is overthrown by Akragas
*499 Ionian Revolt starts
*499 Éphesos, Klazomenai, Mílētos, Samos, [[Myus]], [[Chios]], Samos, Mytilene, [[Mylasa]], [[Termera]], [[Kyme (Aeolis)|Kyme]] and Priene declare independence from Persian Empire
*[[498 BC|498]] [[Cyprus]] (Except [[Amathus|Amathos]]), [[Caria]], [[Paesos]], Abydos, [[Cios]], [[Percote]], [[Lampsacus|Lampsakos]], Myrcinos, Tenedos, [[Dardanus (city)|Dardanos]], and [[Byzantium]] declare independence from Persian Empire
*498 Amathos is sieged by Cyprus
*498 [[Cleander of Gela|Cleander]] is overthrown by [[Hippocrates of Gela|Hippocrates]]
*498 Hippocrates vassalized Leontini and puts [[Aenesidemus, tyrant of Leontini|Aenesidemus]] as tyrant
*498 Licodia is annexed by Syracuse
*[[497 BC|497]] [[Eion]] is sieged by Athens
*497 Dardanos, Myrcinos, Abydos, Kyme, Klazomenai, Percote, Lampsakos, Cyprus, Cios and Paesos are reannexed by Persian Empire
*497 Catania is vassalized by Hippocrates and Deinmenes is put in charge as tyrant
*497 Persian Empire occupies all Carian land north of [[Pedasus|Pedasos]] (Carian)
*[[496 BC|496]] Byzantium is overthrown by Histiaeos
*496 Myrcinos is reannexed by the Persian Empire
*496 Athenian Tyrant Miltiades II annexes Thracian Chernessos
*496 Naxos is vassalized by Hippocrates
*[[495 BC|495]] Cleinias dies
*[[494 BC|494]] Rhegium is overthrown by [[Anaxilas]]
*494 Zancle is vassalized by Hippocrates and [[Scythes]] put in charge
*494 Priene, Samos and Miletus are annexed by Persian Empire
*[[493 BC|493]] Byzantium sieges Thasus
*493 Ionian revolt crushed
*493 Zancle is settled by Samian refugees and renamed Messene
*493 Zancle is conquered by Rhegion
*[[492 BC|492]] Kamarina (now rebuilt) and {{ill|Ergezio|it}} are vassalized by Hippocrates
*492 Abdera and Thracian Chernessos are annexed by the Persian Empire
*[[491 BC|491]] Hippocrates is overthrown by [[Gelo]]n
*491 [[Fort Scyllaeum]] is founded by Rhegion
*[[490 BC|490]] Aristodemus dies
*490 Persian conquest of [[Rhodes]]
*490 Persian Siege of Naxos (Naxan Victory)
*490 Persian conquest of Paros
*490 Persian sacking of [[Eretria]]
*490 [[Themistocles]] and [[Miltiades the Younger|Miltiades]], Athenians, defeat [[Darius I|Darius]] at [[Battle of Marathon|Marathon]], [[Phidippides (Marathon runner)|Phidippides]] runs with news.
*490 Taras defeats the Iapygians in battle
*[[488 BC|488]] Akragas is overthrown by [[Theron of Acragas|Theron]]
*[[486 BC|486]] Himera is overthrown by [[Terillus]]
*[[485 BC|485]] Gelon annexes Syracuse (Except Kamarina and Licodia), Gela is given to [[Hiero I of Syracuse|Hieron]]
*[[484 BC|484]] Kamarina is destroyed by Gelon
*484 [[Aeschylus]], Athenian playwright wins his first victory at the [[City Dionysia]].
*[[483 BC|483]] Megara Hyblaea and Licodia are destroyed by Gelon
*483 Theron puts his son [[Thrasydaeus]] in charge of Himera as his vassal
*[[481 BC|481]] Andros, [[Aegina]] and Akanthus among many other Greek [[Polis|Poleis]] declare allegiance to Persia
*481 The Naxos, [[Milos]], Sparta, Athens, Korinth, [[Kythnos]] and many other Greek Poleis form the [[Greco-Persian Wars#Hellenic alliance|Hellenic League]] to fight against the Persian Empire