Editing Timmins (section)

==History==
[[File:City Hall Engineering Building in Timmins, Ontario.jpg|thumb|City Hall Engineering Building, formerly the main public library, previously the post office]]

=== Early history ===
Archaeological evidence indicates that the area has been inhabited for at least 6,500 years. The first inhabitants were nomadic peoples of the [[Archaic period (North America)#Shield Archaic|Shield Archaic culture]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Our History {{!}} City of Timmins |url=http://www.timmins.ca/visitors/explore-timmins/our-history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140312000558/http://www.timmins.ca/visitors/explore-timmins/our-history |archive-date=March 12, 2014 |access-date=January 25, 2017 |publisher=City of Timmins}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwimmer |first=Brian |title=shield archaic |url=https://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/arts/anthropology/manarchnet/chronology/archaic/shield.html |access-date=January 25, 2017 |publisher=University of Manitoba}}</ref><ref name=":02">{{Cite CiteSeerX |citeseerx=10.1.1.501.472 |first=John D. |last=Pollock |title=Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Impact: Assessment of the Sandy Falls and Lower Sturgeon Generating Stations Redevelopment Projects Located on the Upper Mattagami River. Report Prepared for Ontario Power Generation Inc. |date=December 1, 2006}}</ref> At the time of [[European colonization of the Americas|European contact]], the area was inhabited primarily by the [[Cree]] and [[Ojibwe]] peoples.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Indigenous Relations and Inclusion |url=https://www.timmins.ca/find_or_learn_about/indigenous_relations_and_inclusion |access-date=April 27, 2024 |publisher=City of Timmins}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Timmins |url=https://www.heritagetrust.on.ca/pages/programs/provincial-plaque-program/provincial-plaque-background-papers/timmins |access-date=April 27, 2024 |publisher=Ontario Heritage Trust}}</ref> 

The first Europeans to make contact with the local Indigenous peoples were [[French colonization of the Americas|French explorers]] in the late 1600s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Heritage Matters - Our Francophone heritage |url=https://www.heritage-matters.ca/articles/our-francophone-heritage |access-date=April 27, 2024 |website=Heritage Matters e-magazine}}</ref>

The first attempt at a permanent European presence in the area did not come until 1785, nearly two decades after Great Britain defeated France in the [[Seven Years' War]] and took over its territory in North America east of the [[Mississippi River]]. [[Philip Turnor]], a surveyor and cartographer for the [[Hudson's Bay Company]], established a [[Trading post|trading outpost]] at [[Frederick House River|Fredrick House Lake]], about {{cvt|30|km}} north-east of present-day downtown Timmins. 

Although beaver fur was plentiful and still in demand in Europe, the trading post was not successful. Nearby competition, and the difficulty of navigating the [[Abitibi River|Abitibi]] and Fredrick House rivers by canoe, often resulted in the post being unsupplied.<ref name=":03">{{Cite book |last=Losey |first=Elizabeth Browne |title=Let Them be Remembered: The Story of the Fur Trade Forts |publisher=Vantage Press |year=1999 |isbn=9780533125722}}</ref>

Frederick House Post was functionally abandoned in 1812, when a man named Capascoos killed all 12 of the trading post's staff, as well as looted and damaged the building. Capascoos was never caught, and the building was never rebuilt. However, temporary log shelters were put in place nearby to facilitate fur trading until 1821, when the post was officially declared closed by the Hudson's Bay Company.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Frederick House |url=https://www.heritagetrust.on.ca/plaques/frederick-house |access-date=April 27, 2024 |publisher=Ontario Heritage Trust}}</ref><ref name=":03" />

More than a century later, in 1906, [[Treaty 9]] was signed between [[Anishinaabe]] ([[Algonquin people|Algonquin]] and Ojibwe), [[Mushkegowuk Council|Omushkegowuk]] Cree communities, and the [[Monarchy of Canada|Canadian Crown]]. It required the [[Mattagami First Nation]] to move to the north of Mattagami Lake and to cede territory.<ref>{{Cite web |publisher=Government of Canada; Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada; Communications Branch |title=Treaty Guide to Treaty No. 9 (1905–1906) |url=http://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1100100028855/1100100028857 |access-date=January 25, 2017 |website=aadnc-aandc.gc.ca}}</ref>

=== Porcupine Gold Rush ===
{{Main article|Porcupine Gold Rush}}
The presence of gold in the area was long known to the local indigenous people, and the few Europeans who had settled nearby. Outcroppings of gold-bearing quartz were a familiar sight in the region, but there was little commercial interest due to the area's inaccessibility.<ref name=":12">{{Cite book |last=Barnes |first=Michael |title=Fortunes in the ground: Cobalt, Porcupine & Kirkland Lake |date=1993 |publisher=Stoddart |isbn=978-0-919783-52-2 |location=Toronto}}</ref> 

The extension of the [[Ontario Northland Railway#Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway (1902–46)|Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway]] to [[Cochrane, Ontario|Cochrane]] in 1907, allowed prospectors to more easily access the area. This sparked an interest in the region's natural resources, leading to the [[Porcupine Gold Rush]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Timmins |url=https://www.heritagetrust.on.ca/pages/programs/provincial-plaque-program/provincial-plaque-background-papers/timmins |access-date=April 27, 2024 |publisher=Ontario Heritage Trust}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Timmins Mine Finders / Builders |date=August 16, 2010 |url=https://www.mininghalloffame.ca/timmins-mine-finders-builders |access-date=April 27, 2024}}</ref> The first known prospectors were a team led by [[Reuben D'Aigle]]. They set out for Porcupine Lake in 1907 and dug several test pits in the surrounding area, but none of them had near the amount of gold which D'Aigle's team was seeking. They eventually abandoned their tools in the last pit they dug, approximately 8 km west of Porcupine Lake, and returned home. 

Two years later in 1909, a prospector duo consisting of Benny Hollinger and Alex Gillies arrived in the Porcupine region. They met up with another group, led by Jack Wilson. Earlier in the season he had found a "dome" of quartz that contained large veins of gold stretching several hundred feet in length and {{cvt|150|ft|order=flip}} in width. This section was later exploited and developed as the [[Dome Mine]]. 

Wilson advised Hollinger & Gillies that all the good sites in a {{cvt|10|km}} radius had been claimed, so the duo went slightly further west. There they stumbled upon D'Aigle's abandoned test pits and tools. While Gilles was inspecting the abandoned pits, Hollinger pulled a bit of moss from a nearby quartz outcropping and revealed a large vein of gold. Gillies later noted that he had found a boot print pressed into some moss covering the gold vein. This print was believed left by one of D'Aigle's team two years before. They had departed unaware of the large vein under their feet.<ref name=":12" />{{Rp|pages=87-89, 92}}

Two [[Mattawa, Ontario|Mattawa]] shopkeeper brothers, named [[Noah Timmins]] and [[Henry Timmins]], arrived in the area in 1910. They began purchasing shares of local mines, and bought Benny Hollinger's share from him. 

Around the same time, Scottish businessman Sandy McIntyre discovered the [[McIntyre Mines|McIntyre Mine]] near Pearl Lake, four miles away.<ref>{{cite web |title=Founding Fathers |url=http://www.timmins.ca/visitors/explore-timmins/founding-fathers |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020143318/http://www.timmins.ca/visitors/explore-timmins/founding-fathers |archive-date=October 20, 2017 |access-date=January 27, 2015 |publisher=City of Timmins}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=McIntyre, Sandy |url=http://mininghalloffame.ca/inductees/m-o/sandy_mcintyre |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202025536/http://mininghalloffame.ca/inductees/m-o/sandy_mcintyre |archive-date=February 2, 2017 |access-date=January 25, 2017 |publisher=The Mining Hall of Fame}}</ref> [[Hollinger Mines]] was incorporated later that year with five equal partners consisting of Noah and Henry Timmins; Duncan and [[John McMartin (Canadian politician)|John McMartin]] (also brothers); and Mattawa attorney [[David Alexander Dunlap|David Dunlap]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Timmins, Noah |url=http://mininghalloffame.ca/inductees/s-u/noah_a._timmins |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202030033/http://mininghalloffame.ca/inductees/s-u/noah_a._timmins |archive-date=February 2, 2017 |access-date=January 25, 2017 |publisher=The Mining Hall of Fame}}</ref>

==== "Moss slip" story ====
A popular [[Origin myth#Founding myth|founding myth]] of Timmins and the Porcupine area states that a man named Harry Preston slipped on moss and uncovered gold. In some versions of the story, he is responsible for triggering the Porcupine Gold Rush.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Turner |first=Bob |title=Natural Resources Canada and Ontario Geological Survey 2015. Timmins: Canada's greatest goldfields!; GeoTours Northern Ontario series |publisher=Queen's Printer for Ontario |year=2015 |pages=3}}</ref> However, historical records contradict both claims.

Harry Preston arrived in the Porcupine area as a part of a team led by Jack Wilson in June 1909, where they discovered a large "dome shaped quartz outcrop". <!-- Isn't this repetitive of what was written earlier in this section? -->Wilson was said to have been the first to notice gold as the Sun struck the quartz.<ref name=":4" />

{{Blockquote|As I was examining the seams in the quartz, about twelve feet ahead of me I saw a piece of yellow glisten as the sun struck it. It proved to be a very spectacular piece of gold in a thin sean of schist... when the boys came back we got out the drills and hammers, and that night had about 132 pounds of very spectacular specimens|Michael Barnes ''Fortunes in the ground: Cobalt, Porcupine & Kirkland Lake''<ref name=":12" />{{Rp|page=90}}}}

The only comparable mention of moss comes from Hollinger and Gilles, who arrived in the area two months after Wilson's team. According to Gilles's report, while he inspected D'Aigle's abandoned work, Hollinger was looking at some nearby quartz when he peeled back a bit of moss, revealing a large vein of gold.<ref name=":12" />{{Rp|page=92}}

{{Blockquote|I was cutting a discovery post and Benny was pulling some moss of rocks a few feet away when he suddenly let a roar out of him and threw his hat at me. At first, I thought he has gone crazy but when I came over to where he was, it wasn't hard to see the reason. The quartz where he had pulled the moss off looked as though someone had dripped a candle along it, but instead of wax, it was gold we saw. Don't let anyone ever tell you that the original Hollinger discovery left any doubts of its importance. When we pulled the moss three feet out of the ground and away the quartz stood out, about six-feet wide with splattered over it for about 60 feet along the vein. D'Aigle had worked the property and cut many trails through the bush but by a queer quirk of luck, one of his trails from the test pit passes the richest part of the vein at a point where he could have easily reached out and touched it with his hand.|Michael Barnes ''Fortunes in the ground: Cobalt, Porcupine & Kirkland Lake''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Timmins Museum |date=2023-08-15 |title=Ever wonder how the Hollinger mine was discovered? |url=https://www.timminstoday.com/column/remember-this/ever-wonder-how-the-hollinger-mine-was-discovered-7405959 |access-date=2024-04-27 |website=TimminsToday.com}}</ref><!--This is too much repetition of similar accounts -->}}

Additionally, historians generally agree that expansion of the Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway, which connected [[Central Ontario]] to [[Northern Ontario]], was instrumental in triggering the Porcupine Gold Rush because it made the area accessible.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> The [[Canadian Pacific Railway#1901–1928|Canadian Pacific Railway expansion]] to was also critical, as it enabled travellers from Toronto to go directly north instead of taking a time-consuming detour around [[Eastern Ontario]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Surtees |first=Robert J. |title=The Northern Connection: Ontario Northland Since 1902: Robert J. Surtees |date=1992 |publisher=Captus Press |isbn=978-0-921801-85-6 |location=Ontario}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=Torlone |first=Joe G. |url=https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/1565 |title=The Evolution of the City of Timmins: A Single-Industry Community |publisher=Wilfrid Laurier University - Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive). |year=1979}}</ref>{{Rp|pages=15-17}}

=== Settlement and company towns ===
A [[company town]] was founded near modern-day [[Gillies Lake]], to house [[Hollinger Mines]] employees. Mine manager Alphonse "Al" Paré named the growing mining camp "Timmins", after his uncle, [[Noah Timmins]], who was then the President of Hollinger Mines.<ref name=":12" />{{Rp|page=123}} Two more settlements were founded by competing mines: The "Porcupine/Dome" camp was situated on Porcupine Lake, and owned by [[Dome Mines]]. "Schumacher" camp was situated on Pearl Lake, and owned by McIntyre Mines.<ref name="History2">{{cite web |title=History of Timmins |url=http://www.immigrationtimmins.com/en/timminsfacts/history.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205113847/http://www.immigrationtimmins.com/en/timminsfacts/history.asp |archive-date=February 5, 2016 |access-date=May 2, 2016 |website=immigrationtimmins.com}}</ref>

Joe Torlone noted in his dissertation that Timmins was never truly a company town. The combined mines behaved more like a "very influential industrial citizen", rather than a single company that dominated all aspects of civilian life.<ref name=":5" />{{Rp|pages=3-4}} As the worker population grew, these camps started to mesh together as a single town. (Torlone later served as the municipal Chief Administrative Officer.)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Autio |first=Andrew |date=January 30, 2017 |title=Landers takes the reigns |url=https://www.timminstoday.com/local-news/landers-takes-the-reigns-521117 |access-date=April 27, 2024 |website=Timmins Today}}</ref> 

==== Great Porcupine Fire ====
{{Main article|Great Porcupine Fire}}
On July 10, 1911, unusually hot and dry temperatures caused small fires to ignite at the Porcupine settlement. These were initially described as a series of "bushfires", but strong winds spread them into the dry forest and they expanded. Evacuation efforts began on the morning of July 11, with women and children being ferried to the opposite end of Porcupine Lake. 

The small fires eventually merged, and grew into a single wall of fire, estimated to be at least {{cvt|20|mi|order=flip}} wide. The fire destroyed the Porcupine mining camp at around 3:30pm, and continued as far north as [[Cochrane, Ontario|Cochrane]]. The total number of deaths remains uncertain, with the lowest estimates being 73 and the highest suggesting there were more than 200 dead. A number of people drowned after fleeing into the lake in an attempt to escape the heat and smoke; others were killed by smoke while still trapped underground in the mine. 

The executives of the Dome Mine held meetings about reopening within two days of the fire. The camp was quickly rebuilt with help from various communities around Ontario, and operations soon resumed.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Barnes |first=Michael |title=Killer in the Bush: The Great Fires of Northeastern Ontario |publisher=The Boston Mills Press |year=1987 |isbn=978-0919783478}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Porcupine Fire |url=https://www.heritagetrust.on.ca/plaques/porcupine-fire |access-date=April 27, 2024 |website=Ontario Heritage Trust}}</ref>

The fire burned the thin layers of moss and soil characteristic of a [[Canadian Shield]] landscape. This revealed previously unknown veins of gold and other minerals, which helped facilitate economic recovery efforts.<ref name=":3" />

==== Incorporation, growth, and World Wars ====
Given the fire, and the need to replace housing as well as serve newly arrived refugees from the Porcupine camp, Noah Timmins to began planning a townsite at the Timmins camp. The first lots went up for sale on September 4, 1911, ranging in price from $5 to $10 ($135–$265 in 2024) for residential lots, and from $75 to $1,000 ($2,000–$25,000 in 2024) for commercial lots. Migrants were attracted to the new lands for sale, and the Timmins camp quickly surpassed the Porcupine and Schumacher camps in population. Timmins was incorporated as a municipality on January 1, 1912.<ref name=":5" />{{Rp|page=19}}

In November 1912, 1,200 members of the [[Western Federation of Miners]] Local 145 held a strike at all three mines in response to a proposal to lower their wages.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |last=Bachmann |first=Karen |title=Labour movement sparked holiday |url=http://www.timminspress.com/2011/09/02/labour-movement-sparked-holiday |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202032146/http://www.timminspress.com/2011/09/02/labour-movement-sparked-holiday |archive-date=February 2, 2017 |access-date=January 25, 2017 |website=Timmins Press -CA}}</ref> Mine operators hired gun thugs, who fired on the picket line and were ordered out by the provincial government.<ref name="thecanadianencyclopedia.com2">{{cite encyclopedia |title=Company Towns |encyclopedia=The Canadian Encyclopedia |url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/articles/company-towns |access-date=March 20, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020164459/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/articles/company-towns |archive-date=October 20, 2012}}</ref> After months without work, many men chose to leave the settlement; only 500 miners returned to work in July 1913.<ref name=":22" /> The strike won the men a nine-hour workday and a pay increase.<ref name=":22" />

In 1917, a dam was built at Kenogamissi Falls, downriver from Mattagami Lake, to provide power to Timmins and the surrounding area, Mattagami Lake was consequently flooded.<ref name=":04">{{Cite CiteSeerX |citeseerx=10.1.1.501.472 |first=John D. |last=Pollock |title=Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Impact: Assessment of the Sandy Falls and Lower Sturgeon Generating Stations Redevelopment Projects Located on the Upper Mattagami River. Report Prepared for Ontario Power Generation Inc. |date=December 1, 2006}}</ref>

A recruitment campaign for soldiers during the First World War was successful in enlisting around 600 men out of the less than 2,000 total residents at the time. The miners were coveted by the [[Canadian Expeditionary Force]] for their ability to dig trenches, and experience with handling explosives.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 28, 2022 |title=Letters home described life overseas during First World War |url=https://www.timminstoday.com/then-and-now/letters-home-described-life-overseas-during-first-world-war-6020609 |access-date=April 27, 2024 |website=Timmins Today}}</ref> News of the war and letters from soldiers abroad were frequently published in the town's local newspaper, ''The Porcupine Advance'' (TPA). After receiving news of [[Armistice of 11 November 1918|armistice]], major celebrations were held all around the Timmins area, as described by a journalist for TPA:
{{blockquote|Before six o'clock on Monday morning, the news had reached Timmins that the Armistice had been duly signed and the fighting was thus over for the present. Timmins at once commenced to celebrate and kept it up all day and most of the night. First, the fire bell rang; then all the other bells and all the steam whistles joined in the chorus, the outgoing T&NO train adding its due quota of joyful noise. Flags and decorations were brought out, and from an early hour in the morning, groups of boys and girls were out with their horns, whistles and tin pan bands. After the noon hour, the crowds began to gather in the main part of the town, one of the chief centres of interest being Marshall-Ecclestone's window where an effigy of the Kaiser was displayed. The effigy was made by the Hollinger carpenter staff and was an unusually clever piece of workmanship. The form was made of wood, the limbs and body being perfectly formed and the face and head well-shaped. It was more than life-size and very life-like. Dressed in long boots, brass helmet, iron crosses and shining sword, the wooden Kaiser was stuffed with oakum, ready for the flames.|''Timmins Celebrates Truce a Second Time''<ref>{{Cite news |date=November 13, 1918 |title=Timmins Celebrates Truce a Second Time |url=https://news.ourontario.ca/timmins/3456434/page/2?n= |work=The Porcupine Advance |page=1 |volume=3 |issue=51}}</ref>}}

The [[Great Depression]] did not adversely affect the economy of the area, and jobs were available in mining and lumber.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2022 |title=Ontario Mining Legacy Project |url=https://oma.on.ca/en/ontario-mining-association/ontario-mining-legacy-project.aspx |access-date=April 27, 2024 |website=oma.on.ca}}</ref>

During the Second World War, around a third of the city's population were enlisted into the armed forces. Timmins had its own bomber squadron known as "Porcupine Squadron No. 433",<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2, 2019 |title=No. 433 (Porcupine) Squadron |url=https://www.bombercommandmuseum.ca/bomber-command/bomber-command-no-433-porcupine-squadron/ |access-date=April 27, 2024 |website=Bomber Command Museum of Canada}}</ref> a heavy bomber unit of [[No. 6 Group RCAF|No. 6 group RCAF]] in [[Skipton-on-Swale]], [[England]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 11, 2023 |title=About one-third of local miners served overseas in the Second World War |url=https://www.timminstoday.com/column/remember-this/about-one-third-of-local-miners-served-overseas-in-the-second-world-war-7816261 |access-date=April 27, 2024 |website=Timmins Today}}</ref> Timmins' economy suffered slightly during this period as women were prohibited from working in mines under the Ontario Mining Act, leaving no one to replace the enlisted miners.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Monahan |first=Kathryn |url=https://hdl.handle.net/1807/104636 |title=Gender dynamics in a single industry community : Timmins, Ontario in World War II |publisher=Nipissing University |year=2010|hdl=1807/104636}}</ref>

===Decline and recent history===
In the 1950s, Mattagami 71, the [[Indian reserve|reserve]] of the [[Mattagami First Nation]] was once again relocated, this time to its present day location, south of Mattagami Lake.<ref name=":05">{{Cite CiteSeerX |citeseerx=10.1.1.501.472 |first=John D. |last=Pollock |title=Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Impact: Assessment of the Sandy Falls and Lower Sturgeon Generating Stations Redevelopment Projects Located on the Upper Mattagami River. Report Prepared for Ontario Power Generation Inc. |date=December 1, 2006}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |publisher=Government of Canada; Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada; Communications Branch |title=Treaty Research Report – Treaty No. 9 (1905–1906) |url=http://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1100100028859/1100100028861 |access-date=January 25, 2017 |website=aadnc-aandc.gc.ca}}</ref>

[[File:Gold-d79a.jpg|thumb|Specimen gold, probably from Pamour Mine]]

By the mid 1960s, the majority of the original mines had depleted their gold content and mines began to close.<ref name="History2" /> Hollinger Mine was closed in 1968, having produced nearly 20 million troy ounces of gold. Twenty years later in 1988, the McIntyre mines ceased operations having produced around 11 million troy ounces of gold.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gold Production in the Timmins Regional Resident Geologist District to the end of 2001 |url=http://www.discoverabitibi.com/Table%203%20Timmins%20Gold%20Production%20to%202001.pdf |access-date=April 27, 2024 |archive-date=October 25, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061025000855/http://www.discoverabitibi.com/Table%203%20Timmins%20Gold%20Production%20to%202001.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref>[[File:Dome Mine 2.JPG|thumb|[[Dome Mine]] "super pit", 2010]]In 1973, 35 townships covering {{cvt|1,260|mi2|order=flip}}, including [[Neighbourhoods in Timmins#|Porcupine]], [[Neighbourhoods in Timmins#South Porcupine|South Porcupine]], [[Neighbourhoods in Timmins#Schumacher|Schumacher]], and Timmins were organized into the City of Timmins.<ref name="Barnes2">{{cite book |last1=Barnes |first1=Michael |title=Fortunes in the Ground |date=1986 |publisher=The Boston Mills Press |isbn=0-919783-52-X |location=Erin, Ontario |page=123}}</ref>{{rp|140}}

The city's population peaked in the mid 1990s, when the city became a regional service and distribution centre for Northeastern Ontario. <ref name="History2" /> However, with the exception of a slight bump in 2011, the population has been consistently declining. 

Rail service to Timmins was discontinued in 1990, but is expected to return within the next decade.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 15, 2023 |title=Northlander train revival progressing on schedule, officials say |url=https://northernontario.ctvnews.ca/northlander-train-revival-progressing-on-schedule-officials-say-1.6314677 |access-date=April 27, 2024 |website=CTV News - Northern Ontario}}</ref>

The last of the original three mines to close was the Dome Mine, which was closed in 2017, after 107 years of operation, and about 17 million troy ounces of gold produced.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 6, 2017 |title=Goldcorp closing 107-year-old Dome mine |url=https://www.mining.com/goldcorp-closing-107-year-old-dome-mine/ |access-date=April 27, 2024 |website=MINING.COM}}</ref>