Editing Torugart Pass (section)

==History==
The pass has been used since antiquity. During the [[Han dynasty]] it was under the jurisdiction of a micro-state called '''Juandu''' ({{lang|zh-hans|捐毒国}}). During the [[Tang dynasty]], the region came under Tang control as part of [[Anxi Protectorate]].<ref>{{Cite web
|script-title=zh:吐尔尕特口岸
| trans-title = Torugart Port
| author = Kizilsu Prefecture Historical Almanac Office
| website = www.xjkz.gov.cn ([[Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture|Kizilsu Prefecture]] Government Website)
| date = 2007-10-05
| access-date = 2017-02-02
| url = http://www.xjkz.gov.cn/8043a2b5-1162-4803-97d3-99b27ad8cb99_1.html
| language = zh
| quote = {{lang|zh-hans|汉代吐尔尕特一带属捐毒国。...到了唐代，这里归属安西四镇（焉耆、碎叶、于阗、疏勒）之一的疏勒都督府。}}
}}</ref>

{{citation needed span|Russia and China first established a port of entry at the Torugart Pass in 1881. In 1906, Russia's Sino-Russian Transport Bank financed the construction of the road from the pass to Kashgar for 20 million rubles. In 1952, the Torugart Pass replaced the [[Irkeshtam]] Pass, which lies some {{Convert|165|km|abbr=on}} southwest, as the primary overland link between Xinjiang and the then-[[Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic|Soviet Kyrgyz Republic]]. The pass was closed in 1969 due to the [[Sino-Soviet Split]] and reopened again in 1983. In 1995, the Torugart Port of Entry was relocated to a lower elevation (2,000m), closer to [[Kashgar]], some {{Convert|57|km|abbr=on}} away.|date=October 2020}}

The pass is open to all nationalities but clearance requires careful arrangement of transportation.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://caravanistan.com/border-crossings/kyrgyzstan/torugart-pass/|title = Torugart Pass |access-date = 11 November 2015|website = Caravanistan }}</ref>

=== Planned railway ===
A {{ill|China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan Railway|ru|Железнодорожная магистраль Китай — Кыргызстан — Узбекистан}} going through Torugart Pass has been in the works that would connect [[Kashgar]] and the [[Ferghana Valley]] since 2012.<ref>{{cite magazine
| title = China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Railway Scheme: Fears, Hopes and Prospects
| first = Roman
| last = Muzalevsky
| magazine = Eurasia Daily Monitor
| publisher = [[Jamestown Foundation]]
| date = 2012-05-30
| access-date = 2017-02-01
| url = https://jamestown.org/program/china-kyrgyzstan-uzbekistan-railway-scheme-fears-hopes-and-prospects/
| quote = On April 17, Chinese construction corporation CRBC agreed to perform a feasibility study for the project within a year.
}}</ref> The railway would lead from Kashgar to [[Jalal-Abad]] and further on to the Uzbek city of [[Andijan]].<ref name="yang"/> However, the Kyrgyz section of the rail has been stalled due to financial and technical issues<ref>{{cite magazine
| title = Bishkek Puts Brakes on China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan Railway
| first = Fozil
| last = Mashrab
| magazine = Eurasia Daily Monitor
| publisher = [[Jamestown Foundation]]
| date = 2015-11-03
| access-date = 2017-02-01
| url = https://jamestown.org/program/bishkek-puts-brakes-on-china-kyrgyzstan-uzbekistan-railway/
| quote = Bishkek and Beijing seek to implement despite financial and technical issues
}}</ref> and possibly due to [[Russia|Russian]] and [[Kazakhstan|Kazakh]] opposition to the project.<ref name="yang"/> In 2023, the project development received new push from the governments of the three countries involved.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Yau |first=Niva |date=23 March 2023 |title=China Is Finally Making Progress on the China-Kyrgyzstan--Uzbekistan-Railway |url=https://www.fpri.org/article/2023/03/china-is-finally-making-progress-on-the-china-kyrgyzstan-uzbekistan-railway/ |access-date=3 April 2024 |website=Foreign Policy Research Institute}}</ref> A tripartite agreement was signed on 17 September 2022 during the [[Shanghai Cooperation Organisation|Shanghai Cooperation Organization]] summit,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brown |first=Zavior |date=4 December 2024 |title=The China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Railway: The Troubling Prospects and Why Renegotiations Should be Considered |url=http://www.cpreview.org/articles/2023/12/the-china-kyrgyzstan-uzbekistan-railway-the-troubling-prospects-and-why-renegotiations-should-be-considered |access-date=4 April 2024 |website=Columbia Political Review}}</ref> although funding was yet to be secured at the time.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Torogeldi |first1=Bakyt |last2=Chynybaeva |first2=Baktygul |date=October 31, 2023 |title=Ambitious China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Railway Project Faces Major Funding Challenges |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/china-kyrgyzstan-uzbekistan-railway-project-challenges/32661996.html |access-date=3 April 2024 |work=Radio Free Europe}}</ref> An inaugural ceremony was held in [[Jalal-Abad]] in December 2024<ref>{{cite web |author=<!-- not stated --> |date=30 December 2024 |title=Construction of China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway launched |url=https://www.gazeta.uz/en/2024/12/30/railway |website=Gazeta |access-date=19 February 2025}}</ref> and construction is set to begin in July 2025.<ref name="yang">{{cite web |last=Yang |first=William |date=9 January 2025 |title=China aims to deepen Central Asia influence with new railway project |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/china-aims-to-deepen-central-asia-influence-with-new-railway-project/7930839.html |website=[[Voice of America]] |access-date=19 February 2025}}</ref>