Editing Toubkal (section)

==Geography==
Although much of the High Atlas consists of [[sedimentary]] rocks, the Toubkal massif is an area of volcanic rocks which have weathered into alpine crests, cut by deep, narrow valleys. To the south, the mountain drops steeply down for {{convert|1800|m|ft|0}} to a small lake called Lac d'Ifni. To the west, the mountain's edge is marked by a pass, the Tizi n'Ouanoums at {{convert|3664|m|ft|0}}. From this pass, the mountain's W-S-W ridge rises up to Toubkal West, which forms a shoulder at {{convert|4020|m|ft|0}} before continuing to the summit at {{convert|4167|m|ft|0}}.<ref name="Brown">{{cite book |author1=Hamish Brown |author-link1=Hamish Brown |editor1-last=Salkeld |editor1-first=Audrey |title=World mountaineering : the world's great mountains by the world's great mountaineers |date=1998 |publisher=Mitchell Beazley |isbn=1845331427 |pages=272–275 |chapter=Jebel Toubkal}}</ref>

The north and western sides of Toubkal drain down to the Mizane Valley, which has the passes of both Tizi n'Ouanoums and Tizi n'Ouagane at its head. Two hanging valleys on the western side of the mountain - the Ikhibi Nord and Ikhibi South provide ready access for trekkers and climbers to reach Toubkal's summit. At one time the northern valley provided the normal route of ascent, but the construction of a mountain hut by the [[Fédération Française des clubs alpins et de montagne|French Alpine Club]] below Ikhibi Sud now encourages trekkers to ascend via the southern route instead.<ref name=Brown/>