Editing Transduction (machine learning) (section)

==Historical context==
The mode of inference from particulars to particulars, which Vapnik came to call transduction, was already distinguished from the mode of inference from particulars to generalizations in part III of the Cambridge philosopher and logician [[William Ernest Johnson|W.E. Johnson]]'s 1924 textbook, ''Logic''. In Johnson's work, the former mode was called 'eduction' and the latter was called 'induction'. [[Bruno de Finetti]] developed a purely subjective form of Bayesianism in which claims about objective chances could be translated into empirically respectable claims about subjective credences with respect to observables through exchangeability properties. An early statement of this view can be found in his 1937 ''La Prévision: ses Lois Logiques, ses Sources Subjectives'' and a mature statement in his 1970 ''Theory of Probability''. Within de Finetti's subjective Bayesian framework, all inductive inference is ultimately inference from particulars to particulars.