Editing Triassic–Jurassic extinction event (section)

== Research history ==
The earliest research on the TJME was conducted in the mid-20th century, when events in earth history were widely assumed to have been gradual, a [[paradigm]] known as [[uniformitarianism]], while comparatively rapid cataclysms as causes of extinction events were dismissed as [[catastrophism]], which had been associated with biblical creationism. Consequently, most researchers believed gradual environmental changes were the best explanation of the extinction; prominent vertebrate palaeontologist [[Edwin H. Colbert]] suggested gradual changes in the seasonality of rainfall and eustatic sea level rise that decreased the available land area above sea level were the culprit.<ref name=":3" /> In the 1980s, [[Jack Sepkoski]] identified the Triassic-Jurassic boundary drop in biodiversity as one of the "Big 5" mass extinction events.<ref name="JackSepkoski">{{Cite journal |last=Sepkoski |first=J. John |year=1984 |title=A kinetic model of Phanerozoic taxonomic diversity. III. Post-Paleozoic families and mass extinctions |journal=[[Paleobiology (journal)|Paleobiology]] |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=246–267 |bibcode=1984Pbio...10..246S |doi=10.1017/s0094837300008186 |issn=0094-8373 |s2cid=85595559}}</ref> After the discovery that the [[Cretaceous-Palaeogene extinction event]] was caused by an [[impact event]], the TJME had also been suggested to have been caused by such an impact in the 1980s and 1990s.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Olsen |first1=Paul E. |last2=Shubin |first2=Neil H. |last3=Anders |first3=M. H. |date=28 August 1987 |title=New early Jurassic tetrapod assemblages constrain Triassic–Jurassic tetrapod extinction event |url=https://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~polsen/nbcp/olsen.et.al.87.pdf |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |language=en |volume=237 |issue=4818 |pages=1025–1029 |bibcode=1987Sci...237.1025O |doi=10.1126/science.3616622 |issn=0036-8075 |pmid=3616622}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last1=Spray |first1=John G. |last2=Kelley |first2=Simon P. |last3=Rowley |first3=David B. |date=12 March 1998 |title=Evidence for a late Triassic multiple impact event on Earth |url=https://geosci.uchicago.edu/~rowley/Rowley/Publications_files/Nature%201998%20Spray.pdf |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |language=en |volume=392 |issue=6672 |pages=171–173 |bibcode=1998Natur.392..171S |doi=10.1038/32397 |issn=1476-4687 |s2cid=4413688}}</ref> The theory that the TJME was caused by massive volcanism in the [[Central Atlantic Magmatic Province]] (CAMP) first emerged in the 1990s after similar research examining the [[Permian-Triassic extinction event]] found it to have been caused by volcanic activity and the emplacement of the CAMP was found to have occurred around the time of the Triassic-Jurassic transition.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last1=Marzoli |first1=Andrea |last2=Renne |first2=Paul R. |last3=Piccirillo |first3=Enzo M. |last4=Ernesto |first4=Marcia |last5=Bellieni |first5=Giuliano |last6=Min |first6=Angelo De |date=23 April 1999 |title=Extensive 200-Million-Year-Old Continental Flood Basalts of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province |url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.284.5414.616 |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |language=en |volume=284 |issue=5414 |pages=616–618 |doi=10.1126/science.284.5414.616 |pmid=10213679 |issn=0036-8075 |access-date=31 October 2024|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Despite some early objections,<ref name=":6" /> this paradigm remains the scientific consensus in the present day.<ref name="blackburn2013" />