Editing Trogir (section)

== History ==
[[File:City of Trogir and the Tower of the Kamerlengo Castle (5975489212).jpg|thumb|left|[[Kamerlengo Castle]]]]
{{For|ecclesiastical history|Roman Catholic Diocese of Tragurium}}
In the 3rd century BC, ''Tragurion'' ([[Greek language|Ancient Greek]]: Τραγύριον, ''Tragyrion'' or Τραγούριον, ''Tragourion'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yfc9AAAAcAAJ&q=%CE%A4%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B3%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD&pg=PA93|title=Polybii Historiarum reliquiae|work=google.gr|access-date=1 August 2015|author1=Polybius|year=1839}}</ref> was founded as a colony by [[Greek colonies|Ancient Greek colonists]]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=IHAfqu6sapUC&dq=Trogir&pg=PA210 Footprint Croatia] by Jane Foster</ref> on the [[Illyrians|Illyrian coast]] from the island of [[Vis (island)|Vis]], and it developed into a major port until the [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] period. The name comes from the Greek "tragos" (male goat) and "oros" (hill or mountain).<ref name="Everett-Heath2017">{{cite book | author = John Everett-Heath | date = 7 December 2017 | title = The Concise Dictionary of World Place Names | edition = 3 | publisher = Oxford University Press | isbn = 978-0-19-255646-2 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=qgJCDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT1487}}</ref> Similarly, the name of the neighbouring island of Bua comes from the Ancient Greek "voua" (herd of cattle). The sudden prosperity of [[Salona]] deprived Trogir of its importance.

During the migration of [[Croats]] the citizens of the destroyed Salona escaped to Trogir. Initially the Roman Tragurium ({{langx|la|Tragurium}}) was one of the [[Dalmatian City-States]]. From the 9th century on, Trogir paid tribute to [[Kings of Croatia|Croatian rulers]] and to the Byzantine empire. The [[diocese of Trogir]] was established in the 11th century (abolished in 1828; it is now part of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Split-Makarska]] and has temporarily been a Latin [[titular bishopric]]). In 1107, it was chartered by the king of Hungary, Croatia and Dalmatia [[Coloman, King of Hungary|Coloman]], gaining thus its autonomy as a town.

In the year 1000, the [[Republic of Venice]] received submission from the Tragurium inhabitants and the city started since then to have commerce with the Italian peninsula enjoying cultural and economic improvements.{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}} However, in 1105, it acknowledged the supremacy of Hungary, while retaining its municipal freedom, and received a charter in 1108.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Traü|volume=27|page=215}}</ref>

In 1123, Trogir was conquered and almost completely demolished by the [[Saracens]]. However, Trogir recovered in a short period to experience powerful economic prosperity in the 12th and the 13th centuries, with some autonomy under Venetian leadership. In 1242, King [[Béla IV of Hungary]] found refuge there as he fled the [[Mongols]], who were unable to storm the island city.<ref name="EB1911"/> In the 13th and the 14th centuries, members of the [[House of Šubić|Šubić family]] were most frequently elected dukes by the citizens of Trogir; Mladen III (1348), according to the inscription on the sepulchral slab in the [[Cathedral of Trogir]] called "the shield of the Croats", was one of the most prominent Šubićs. In [[Dalmatian language|Dalmatian]], the city was known as Tragur.

After the [[War of Chioggia]] between Genoa and Venice, on 14 March 1381 [[Chioggia]] concluded an alliance with [[Zadar]] and Trogir against Venice, and finally Chioggia became better protected by Venice in 1412, because the newly (21 July 1412) conquered [[Šibenik]], called Sebenico by the Venetian Republic, became the seat of the main [[customs]] office and the seat of the salt consumers office with a [[monopoly]] on the salt trade in Chioggia and on the whole [[Adriatic Sea]].

In 1420, the period of a long-term [[Republic of Venice|Venetian]] rule began and lasted nearly four centuries, when '''Traù''' (from [[Dalmatian language|Dalmatian]], [[Venetian language|Venetian]] and [[Italian language|Italian]]: {{IPA|it|traˈu|pron}}) was a city with rich economy, as exemplified by numerous [[Italian Renaissance|Renaissance]] works of art and architecture. In about 1650 a manuscript of the ancient Roman author [[Petronius]]' ''[[Satyricon]]'' was discovered at Trogir which contained the ''Cena Trimalchionis'' ("Trimalchio's Dinner"). This is the longest surviving portion of the ''Satyricon'' and a major discovery for [[Latin literature|Roman literature]].<ref>Texts and Transmission "Petronius"</ref>

On the fall of Venice in 1797, ''Traù'' became a part of the [[Habsburg monarchy|Habsburg Empire]], which ruled over the city until 1918, with the exception of Napoleon Bonaparte's [[France|French]] rule from 1806 to 1814 (when the city was part of the Napoleonic [[Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)|Kingdom of Italy]] and [[Illyrian Provinces]]).

After [[World War I]], Trogir, together with most parts of [[Kingdom of Dalmatia|Dalmatia]], became a part of the [[State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs]] and subsequently the [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]]. During this period [[Dalmatian Italians]], who until 1918 were present in the city, left for Italy. In 1939, it become a part of [[Banovina of Croatia]]. During [[World War II]], Trogir was annexed by [[Italy]] and was part of the Italian [[Governorate of Dalmatia]] from 1941 to 1943 being part of the [[province of Spalato]]. After a short period of partisan rule it became part of the [[Independent State of Croatia]] under German military supervision from 1943 to 1944. Subsequently Tito's [[Yugoslav Partisans|Partisans]] liberated it for the second time in 1944. After that it belonged to the [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|second Yugoslavia]], and from 1991 to [[Croatia]].