Editing Turtle (section)

==Naming and etymology==

The word ''turtle'' is borrowed from the [[French language|French]] word {{Lang|fr|tortue}} or {{Lang|fr|tortre}} 'turtle, [[tortoise]]'.<ref>{{OEtymD|turtle|access-date=October 28, 2021}}</ref> It is a [[common name]] and may be used without knowledge of taxonomic distinctions. In North America, it may denote the order as a whole. In Britain, the name is used for [[sea turtle]]s as opposed to freshwater [[terrapin]]s and land-dwelling tortoises. In Australia, which lacks true tortoises (family Testudinidae), non-marine turtles were traditionally called tortoises, but more recently turtle has been used for the entire group.{{sfn|Orenstein|2012|p=9}}

The name of the order, ''Testudines'' ({{IPAc-en|t|E|'|s|tj|uː|d|ᵻ|n|iː|z|audio=En-us-Testudines.oga}} {{Respell|teh|STEW|din|eez}}), is based on the [[Latin]] word {{lang|la|testudo}} 'tortoise';<ref>{{L&S|testudo|testudo|ref}}</ref> and was coined by German naturalist [[August Batsch]] in 1788.<ref name="TTWG 2017" /> The order has also been historically known as ''Chelonii'' ([[Pierre André Latreille|Latreille]] 1800) and ''Chelonia'' (Ross and [[James Macartney (anatomist)|Macartney]] 1802),<ref name="Dubois2010">{{cite journal |last1=Dubois |first1=Alan |last2=Bour |first2=Roger |year=2010 |title=The Distinction Between Family-Series and Class-Series Nominain Zoological Nomenclature, With Emphasis on the Nomina Created by Batsch (1788, 1789) and on the Higher Nomenclature of Turtles|journal=Bonn Zoological Bulletin |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=149–171 |url=https://www.zoologicalbulletin.de/BzB_Volumes/Volume_57_2/149_171_BzB57_2_Dubois_Alain_and_Bour_Roger.PDF |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.zoologicalbulletin.de/BzB_Volumes/Volume_57_2/149_171_BzB57_2_Dubois_Alain_and_Bour_Roger.PDF |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live}}</ref> which are based on the [[Ancient Greek]] word {{lang|grc|χελώνη}} ({{transliteration|grc|chelone}}) 'tortoise'.<ref>{{LSJ|xelw/nh|χελώνη|ref}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Chelonia |website=Merriam-Webster |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Chelonia |access-date=August 29, 2021}}</ref> Testudines is the official order name due to the [[principle of priority]].<ref name="Dubois2010"/> The term '''chelonian''' is used as a formal name for members of the group.<ref name="TTWG 2017"/>{{sfn|Franklin|2011|p=14}}