Editing Typhoon Tip (section)

== Meteorological history ==
{{Storm path|Tip 1979 Path.png|colors=new|alt=Satellite image of the path of the typhoon. It starts in the Pacific Ocean east of the Philippines, arcs through Japan, and ends near the Aleutian Islands.}}
At the end of September 1979, three circulations developed within the [[monsoon trough]] that extended from the [[Philippines]] to the [[Marshall Islands]]. The westernmost disturbance developed into a tropical depression on October&nbsp;1, to the west of [[Luzon]], which would later become [[1979 Pacific typhoon season#Typhoon Sarah (Sisang-Uring)|Typhoon Sarah]] on October&nbsp;7.<ref name="1979ATCRArchive">{{cite web|url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1979atcr/pdf/1979.html|title=1979 ATCR TABLE OF CONTENTS|author=|publisher=[[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]]|location=[[Pearl Harbor]], [[Hawaii]]|date=1978|access-date=2021-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606235012/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1979atcr/pdf/1979.html |archive-date=2011-06-06 |url-status=dead}}</ref> On October&nbsp;3, the disturbance southwest of [[Guam]] developed into [[1979 Pacific typhoon season#Tropical Storm Roger (Trining)|Tropical Storm Roger]], and later on the same day, a third tropical disturbance that would later become Typhoon Tip formed south of [[Pohnpei]]. Strong flow from across the [[equator]] was drawn into Roger's wind circulation, initially preventing significant [[tropical cyclogenesis|development]] of the precursor disturbance to Tip. Despite the unfavorable air pattern, the tropical disturbance gradually organized as it moved westward. Due to the large-scale circulation pattern of Tropical Storm Roger, Tip's precursor moved erratically and slowly executed a cyclonic loop to the southeast of [[Chuuk State|Chuuk]]. A [[Hurricane Hunters|reconnaissance aircraft]] flight into the system late on October&nbsp;4 confirmed the existence of a closed low-level circulation, and early on October&nbsp;5, the [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]] (JTWC) issued its first warning on Tropical Depression Twenty-Three-W.<ref name="jtwc"/>

[[File:Tip 1979-10-19 0510Z.jpg|thumb|alt=Satellite image of a Category 1 typhoon over Japan|Typhoon Tip over Japan on October 19, 1979]]
While executing another loop near Chuuk, the tropical depression intensified into Tropical Storm Tip, though the storm failed to organize significantly due to the influence of Tropical Storm Roger. Reconnaissance aircraft provided the track of the surface circulation, since satellite imagery estimated the center was about {{convert|60|km|mi|abbr=on}} from its true position. After drifting erratically for several days, Tip began a steady northwest motion on October&nbsp;8. By that time, Tropical Storm Roger had become an [[extratropical cyclone]], resulting in the southerly flow to be entrained into Tip. An area of a [[tropical upper tropospheric trough]] moved north of Guam at the time, providing an excellent [[outflow (meteorology)|outflow channel]] north of Tip. Initially, Tip was predicted to continue northwestward and make [[landfall (meteorology)|landfall]] on Guam, though instead, it turned to the west early on October&nbsp;9, passing about {{convert|45|km|mi|abbr=on}} south of Guam. Later that day, Tip intensified to attain typhoon status.<ref name="jtwc"/>

Owing to very favorable conditions for development, Typhoon Tip [[rapid deepening|rapidly intensified]] over the open waters of the western [[Pacific Ocean]]. Late on October&nbsp;10, Tip attained wind speeds equal to Category&nbsp;4 strength on the [[Saffir–Simpson scale|Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale]] (SSHS), and it became a [[tropical cyclone scales|super typhoon]] on the next day. The central [[Atmospheric pressure|pressure]] dropped by {{convert|92|hPa|inHg|sigfig=3|lk=in|abbr=on}} from October&nbsp;9 to 11, during which the circulation pattern of Typhoon Tip expanded to a record diameter of {{convert|2220|km|mi|sigfig=3|abbr=on}}. Tip continued to intensify further, becoming a [[Saffir–Simpson scale#Category 5|Category 5]]-equivalent super typhoon, and early on October&nbsp;12, reconnaissance aircraft recorded a worldwide record-low pressure of {{convert|870|mbar|hPa inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}} with 1-minute sustained winds of {{convert|305|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}, when Tip was located about {{convert|840|km|mi|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} west-northwest of Guam.<ref name="jtwc"/> In its best track, the [[Japan Meteorological Agency]] listed Tip as peaking with 10-minute sustained winds of {{convert|160|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}.<ref name="jma">{{cite web|author=Japan Meteorological Agency|date=2010-01-12|title=Best Track for Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclones|access-date=2010-01-12|format=TXT|url=http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/Besttracks/bst_all.txt|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130625032417/http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/Besttracks/bst_all.txt|archive-date=2013-06-25}}</ref> At the time of its peak strength, its [[eye (cyclone)|eye]] was {{convert|15|km|mi|abbr=on}} wide.<ref name="jtwc"/> Tip crossed the [[135th meridian east]] on the afternoon of October&nbsp;13, prompting the [[Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration|PAGASA]] to issue warnings on Typhoon Tip, assigning it the local name ''Warling''.<ref name="jtwc"/><ref name="speediest and deadliest">{{cite web|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/lifestyle/science/the-speediest-and-deadliest-cyclones-in-the-world/1990951/|title=The speediest and deadliest cyclones in the world|author=|publisher=Financial Express|date=14 June 2020|access-date=2 May 2021}}</ref>

After peaking in intensity, Tip weakened to {{convert|230|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}} and remained at that intensity for several days, as it continued west-northwestward. For five days after its peak strength, the average radius of winds stronger than {{convert|55|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}} extended over {{convert|1100|km|mi|sigfig=3|abbr=on}}. On October&nbsp;17, Tip began to weaken steadily and decrease in size, recurving northeastward under the influence of a mid-level [[trough (meteorology)|trough]] the next day. After passing about {{convert|65|km|mi|abbr=on}} east of [[Okinawa Prefecture|Okinawa]], the typhoon accelerated to {{convert|75|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}. Tip made landfall on the Japanese island of [[Honshū]] with winds of about {{convert|130|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}} on October&nbsp;19. It continued rapidly northeastward through the country and became an extratropical cyclone over northern [[Honshu|Honshū]] a few hours after moving ashore.<ref name="jtwc"/> The extratropical remnant of Tip proceeded east-northeastward and gradually weakened, crossing the [[International Date Line]] on October&nbsp;22. The storm was last observed near the [[Aleutian Islands]] of [[Alaska]] on October 24.<ref name="jma"/>