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Udmurt language
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==Dialects== Udmurt varieties can be grouped into three broad dialect groups: * Northern Udmurt, spoken along the [[Cheptsa River]] * Southern Udmurt * Besermyan, spoken by the strongly [[Turkification|Turkified]] [[Besermyan]]s A continuum of intermediate dialects between Northern and Southern Udmurt is found, and literary Udmurt includes features from both areas. Besermyan is more sharply distinguished.{{cn|date=September 2015}} The differences between the dialects are not major and mainly involve differences in vocabulary, largely attributable to the stronger influence of Tatar in the southern end of the Udmurt-speaking area. A few differences in morphology and phonology still exist as well; for example: * Southern Udmurt has an accusative ending ''-ыз'' {{IPA|/-ɨz/}}, contrasting with northern ''-ты'' {{IPA|/-tɨ/}}. * Southwestern Udmurt distinguishes an eighth vowel phoneme {{IPA|/ʉ/}}. * Besermyan has {{IPA|/e/}} in place of standard Udmurt {{IPA|/ə/}} (thus distinguishing only six vowel phonemes), and {{IPA|/ɵ/}} in place of standard Udmurt {{IPA|/ɨ/}}.
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