Editing Unua Libro (section)

==History==
[[File:Unuaj Libroj por Rusoj, Poloj, Francoj kaj Germanoj - 1887.jpg|thumb|The original [[Russian language|Russian]] publication of ''Unua Libro'' and the 1887 [[Polish language|Polish]], [[French language|French]], and [[German language|German]] translations]]
After [[Proto-Esperanto|many years of developing the language]], Zamenhof completed ''Unua Libro'' by the spring of 1885 and spent the next two years looking for a publisher.<ref name="Korzhenkov 2009 16">{{harvnb|Korzhenkov|2009|p=16}}</ref> In 1887, shortly after he married his wife Klara, his new father-in-law Aleksandr Silbernik advised him to use money from Klara's dowry to find a publisher. Following his advice, Zamenhof found a publisher in [[Warsaw]], Chaim Kelter. On {{OldStyleDate|July 26|1887|July 14}}, Kelter published the book in [[Russian language|Russian]] as ''International Language'' ({{langx|ru|Международный язык}}).<ref name="Korzhenkov 2009 16"/> Before the end of the year, Kelter published the [[Polish language|Polish]], [[French language|French]], and [[German language|German]] editions of the book, as well.<ref name="Korzhenkov 2009 16"/>

In 1888, Zamenhof had Julian Steinhaus translate the book into English, and the translation was published under the title ''Dr. Esperanto's International Tongue''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ancientpages.com/2016/07/26/day-history-unua-libro-first-book-describing-esperanto-published-july-26-1887/ |title=On This Day In History: Unua Libro 'First Book' Describing Esperanto Published – On July 26, 1887 |website=AncientPages.com |date=26 July 2016 |access-date=October 19, 2017}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=July 2021}} However, when [[Richard H. Geoghegan|Richard Geoghegan]] pointed out that Steinhaus's translation was very poor, Zamenhof destroyed his remaining copies and requested that Geoghegan produce a fresh translation.<ref name="olga"/> Geoghegan's translation of the book, titled ''Dr. Esperanto's International Language'', was published on {{OldStyleDate|January 17|1889|January 5}} and became the standard English translation.<ref name="Korzhenkov 2009 16"/> Henry Phillips Jr., a secretary of the [[American Philosophical Society]] and early supporter of Esperanto, also produced a translation in 1889, titled ''An Attempt towards an International Language'', but Geoghegan's translation remains the preferred standard.<ref name="genekeyes">{{cite web|url=http://www.genekeyes.com/Dr_Esperanto.html |title=Dr. Esperanto's International Language |website=GeneKeyes.com |access-date=November 16, 2017}}</ref>

''Unua Libro'' was also translated into [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], [[Yiddish]], [[Swedish language|Swedish]], and [[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]] in 1889 and then into [[Danish language|Danish]], [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]], [[Italian language|Italian]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]], and [[Czech language|Czech]] in 1890.<ref name="Korzhenkov 2009 16"/>

The name ''Unua Libro'' was applied retroactively to the book in relation to the title of Zamenhof's 1888 book ''[[Dua Libro]]'' (''Second Book'').{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}

In 1905, Zamenhof reproduced much of the content of ''Unua Libro'' in ''[[Fundamento de Esperanto]]'', which he established as the only obligatory authority over Esperanto in the [[Declaration of Boulogne]] at the first [[World Esperanto Congress]] later that year. However, in his 1888 ''[[Dua Libro#Aldono al la Dua Libro|Aldono al la Dua Libro]]'' (''Supplement to the Second Book''), he officially altered the spelling of the suffixes of the temporal correlatives (''when'', ''then'', ''always'', ''sometimes'', ''never'') from ''-ian'' to ''-iam'', which rendered the Esperanto of ''Unua Libro'' slightly outdated.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}