Editing Urban geography (section)

== Patterns of Urban Development and Infrastructure ==
[[File:Soak Up the Rain with Green Infrastructure - EPA.png|thumb|A poster from the [[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] entitled "Soak Up the Rain with Green Infrastructure." The poster depicts various green infrastructure that can be effective in preventing floods.]]
The development pattern of a place such as city, neighborhood deals how the building and human activities are arranged and organized on the landscape. Urban environments are composed of [[hard infrastructure]], such as roads and bridges, and [[soft infrastructure]], such as health and social services. The construction of urban areas is facilitated through urban planning and architecture. To combat the negative environmental effects of urban development, [[green infrastructure]] such as community gardens and parks, sewage and waste systems, and the use of solar energy have been implemented in many cities. The use of green infrastructure has been effective in responding to climate change and reducing flood risks.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Reu Junqueira |first1=Juliana |last2=Serrao-Neumann |first2=Silvia |last3=White |first3=Iain |date=2022-12-01 |title=Using green infrastructure as a social equity approach to reduce flood risks and address climate change impacts: A comparison of performance between cities and towns |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0264275122004905 |journal=Cities |language=en |volume=131 |pages=104051 |doi=10.1016/j.cities.2022.104051|s2cid=253179255 |hdl=10289/15328 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> Green infrastructure, such as home and urban gardens, have been found to not only improve air quality but also promote mental well-being.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Marques |first1=Piatã |last2=Silva |first2=Andrey Santos |last3=Quaresma |first3=Yane |last4=Manna |first4=Luisa Resende |last5=de Magalhães Neto |first5=Newton |last6=Mazzoni |first6=Rosana |date=2021-09-01 |title=Home gardens can be more important than other urban green infrastructure for mental well-being during COVID-19 pandemics |journal=Urban Forestry & Urban Greening |language=en |volume=64 |pages=127268 |doi=10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127268 |issn=1618-8667 |pmc=8414053 |pmid=34493938}}</ref>