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V. P. Singh
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==Early life and education== Singh was born on 25 June 1931,<ref name="NYT Obituary">{{cite news|last=Pandya|first=Haresh|date=29 November 2008|title=V. P. Singh, a leader of India who defended poor, dies at 77|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/30/world/asia/30singh.html?pagewanted=print|url-status=live|access-date=14 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191201125115/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/30/world/asia/30singh.html?pagewanted=print|archive-date=2019-12-01}}</ref> the third child of the [[Hindu]] [[Rajput]] ''[[Zamindar]]'' family<ref>{{Cite book|last=Kumar|first=Ashwani|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=num2I4NFGqIC&pg=PA76|title=Community Warriors: State, Peasants and Caste Armies in Bihar|date=2008|publisher=Anthem Press|isbn=978-1-84331-709-8|pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=num2I4NFGqIC&dq=V+P+Singh+an+upper+caste+Rajput+Ashwani+Kumar&pg=PA75 75β76]|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Ghai|first=Rajat|date=7 May 2014|title=The office of Prime Minister: A largely north Indian upper-caste, Hindu affair|work=Business Standard India|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/the-office-of-prime-minister-a-largely-north-indian-upper-caste-hindu-affair-114050700846_1.html|url-status=live|access-date=19 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170619200229/http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/the-office-of-prime-minister-a-largely-north-indian-upper-caste-hindu-affair-114050700846_1.html|archive-date=19 June 2017}}</ref> of Daiya, which is located on the banks of the [[Belan River]] in the [[Allahabad district]]. He was adopted by Raja Bahadur Ram Gopal Singh of [[Manda (zamindari)|Manda]] and became the heir-apparent. He became the [[Raja Bahadur]] of [[Manda (zamindari)|Manda]] at the age of 10 in 1941.<ref>{{cite web|date=27 June 2017|title=Remembering VP Singh on his 86th birthday: A grandson reminds us why India needs its political Siddharth|url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/remembering-vp-singh-on-his-86th-birthday-a-grandson-reminds-us-why-india-needs-its-political-siddharth-3749797.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190630022131/https://www.firstpost.com/politics/remembering-vp-singh-on-his-86th-birthday-a-grandson-reminds-us-why-india-needs-its-political-siddharth-3749797.html|archive-date=2019-06-30|access-date=18 January 2019|work=Firstpost}}</ref> His ancestors were rulers of the predecessor state of [[Manikpur, Uttar Pradesh|Manikpur]], founded in 1180 by Raja Manik Chand, brother of [[Jayachandra|Raja Jai Chand]] of [[Kannauj]].{{Efn|The predecessor state of Manikpur was founded in 1180, by Raja Manik Chand, brother of Raja Jai Chand of Kannauj. Raja Gudan Deo, 16th in descent from Raja Manik Chand, established his capital at Manda in 1542. Raja Ram Pratap Singh was granted the hereditary title of Raja Bahadur by the British Raj in January 1913. The Last Raj Bahadur of Manda, Ram Gopal Singh, adopted a son named Vishwanath Pratap Singh, who became the 7th Prime Minister of India.<ref>{{cite book |author=D. C. Sircar |author-link=Dineschandra Sircar |title=Indian Epigraphical Glossary |url=https://archive.org/details/indianepigraphic00sircuoft |page=[https://archive.org/details/indianepigraphic00sircuoft/page/35 35] |year=1966 |publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]] |isbn=978-81-208-0562-0}}</ref>|name=|group=upper-alpha}} His family belonged to the Gaharwal clan of the [[Manda (zamindari)|Manda]] [[Zamindar]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=A MORAL MAN, A FAILURE β Not good in politics, V.P. Singh's success lay elsewhere|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/opinion/a-moral-man-a-failure-not-good-in-politics-v-p-singh-s-success-lay-elsewhere/cid/520765|access-date=2020-10-29|website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref> He obtained his education from [[Colonel Brown Cambridge School]], [[Dehradun]], and got his Bachelor of Arts and [[Bachelor of Laws|Law]] degree from [[Allahabad University]]. He was elected the vice president of [[Allahabad University]] Students Union and later received a Bachelor of Science in physics from [[Fergusson College]] in the [[Savitribai Phule Pune University|Pune University]].<ref name="Suri1990">{{cite book|first=Surindar|last=Suri|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4GmOAAAAMAAJ|title=The rise of Raja Manda and the 1989 and 1990 elections|date=1 August 1990|publisher=Konark Publishers|isbn = 9788122001853|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227224030/https://books.google.com/books?id=4GmOAAAAMAAJ|archive-date=2019-12-27}}</ref>
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