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Vaal Triangle
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== Pollution == Due to the heavy industries in and around the Vaal Triangle it has become infamous for its [[Air Pollution|air pollution]] and [[respiratory disease]]. According to an analysis by OpenAQ, the area regularly registers the highest concentration of PM2.5 particulate pollution worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bloomberg |date=2024-03-03 |title=What it’s like to live in the most polluted place on earth, the Vaal Triangle |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2024-03-03-what-its-like-to-live-in-the-most-polluted-place-on-earth-the-vaal-triangle/ |access-date=2024-03-05 |website=Daily Maverick |language=en}}</ref> In 2013, research by the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) revealed that areas in the Vaal Triangle have persistently higher concentrations of air pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide, than in the rest of South Africa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=CSIR study finds annual standards for air pollutants in the Vaal Triangle exceeded {{!}} CSIR|url=https://www.csir.co.za/csir-study-finds-annual-standards-air-pollutants-vaal-triangle-exceeded|access-date=2021-08-06|website=www.csir.co.za}}</ref> For this reason, local [[Afrikaans]] speaking people often refer to the region as the ''Vuil Driehoek'' (meaning ''Dirty Triangle'') as a pun on ''Vaal Driehoek'' (the Afrikaans translation for Vaal Triangle).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-30 |title=Fossil fuel’s killer air pollution: South Africa’s death toll |url=https://energytransition.org/2021/03/fossil-fuels-killer-air-pollution-south-africas-death-toll/ |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=Energy Transition |language=en-US}}</ref>
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