Editing Venda language (section)

==Writing system==
The Venda language uses the [[Latin alphabet]] with five additional accented letters. There are four [[dental consonant]]s with a [[circumflex accent]] below the letter (''ḓ, ḽ, ṋ, ṱ'') and an [[overdot]] for [[velar consonant|velar]] ''ṅ''. Five vowel letters are used to write seven vowels. The letters C, J and Q are used only for [[Foreign Words|foreign words]] and names.
{| cellpadding=4 style="font-size:larger; text-align:center;" summary="Thirty-one letters of the Venda alphabet, capital and small"
|+ style="font-size:smaller;" | The Venda alphabet
|-
| A a || B b || (C c) || D d || Ḓ ḓ || E e || F f || G g ||
|-
| H h || I i || (J j) || K k || L l || Ḽ ḽ || M m || N n ||
|-
| Ṋ ṋ || Ṅ ṅ || O o || P p || (Q q) || R r || S s || T t ||
|-
| Ṱ ṱ || U u || V v || W w || X x || Y y || Z z ||
|}

{| class="wikitable"
! letter(s) !! value(s) in IPA !! notes
|-
| '''a'''|| {{IPA|[a]}}, {{IPA|[ɔ]}} ||
|-
| '''b'''|| {{IPA|[b]}} || 
|-
| bv || {{IPA|[b̪v]}} ||
|-
| bw || {{IPA|[bɣʷ]}} or {{IPA|[bj]}}|| Varies by dialect
|-
| '''d'''|| {{IPA|[d]}} ||
|-
| dz ||  {{IPA|[d͡z]}} || 
|-
| dzh || {{IPA|[d͡ʒ]}}  || Similar to English "j"
|-
| dzw || {{IPA|[d͡zʷ]}}|| 
|-
| '''ḓ'''|| {{IPA|[d̪]}} ||
|-
| '''e'''|| {{IPA|[ɛ]}}, {{IPA|[e]}} ||
|-
| '''f'''|| {{IPA|[f]}} || 
|-
| fh || {{IPA|[ɸ]}} ||
|-
| '''g'''|| {{IPA|[ɡ]}} || 
|-
| '''h'''|| {{IPA|[ɦ]}}, {{IPA|[h]}} || Pronounced {{IPA|[h]}} before ''e''.
|-
| hw || {{IPA|[ɣʷ], [hʷ]}}||
|-
| '''i'''|| {{IPA|[i]}} ||
|-
|'''j'''
|[j]
|In the word '''Jerusalema'''
|-
| '''k'''|| {{IPA|[kʼ]}}||
|-
| kh || {{IPA|[kʰ]}}  ||
|-
| khw || {{IPA|[kʷʰ]}}|| 
|-
| '''l'''|| {{IPA|[l]}}||
|-
| '''ḽ'''|| {{IPA|[l̪]}} ||
|-
| '''m'''|| {{IPA|[m]}}, {{IPA|[m̩]}} || ''M'' is syllabic {{IPA|[m̩]}}, when the following syllable begins with ''m''. 
|-
| '''n'''|| {{IPA|[n]}}, {{IPA|[n̩]}} || ''N'' is syllabic when the following syllable begins with ''n''. 
|- 
| ng || {{IPA|[ŋɡ]}} || 
|-
| ny || {{IPA|[ɲ]}} ||
|- 
| nz || {{IPA|[nd͡z]}} ||
|- 
| '''ṋ'''|| {{IPA|[n̪]}} || 
|-
| '''ṅ'''|| {{IPA|[ŋ]}} ||
|-
| ṅw || {{IPA|[ŋʷ]}}|| 
|-
| '''o'''|| {{IPA|[ɔ]}}, {{IPA|[o]}} ||
|-
| '''p'''|| {{IPA|[pʼ]}}||
|-
| ph || {{IPA|[pʰ]}} || 
|-
| pf || {{IPA|[p̪f]}} || 
|-
| pfh || {{IPA|[p̪fʰ]}} || 
|-
| '''r'''|| {{IPA|[ɾ]}} ||
|-
| '''s'''|| {{IPA|[s]}} || 
|-
| sh || {{IPA|[ʃ]}} || 
|-
| sw || {{IPA|[ʂ]}} || 
|-
| '''t'''|| {{IPA|[tʼ]}}|| 
|-
| th || {{IPA|[tʰ]}} || 
|-
| ths|| {{IPA|[t͡sʰ]}}||
|-
| thsh || {{IPA|[t͡ʃʰ]}} ||
|-
|ts
|{{IPA|[t͡sʼ]}}
|
|-
|tsh
|{{IPA|[t͡ʃʼ]}}
|
|-
| tsw || {{IPA|[t͡sʷ]}}|| 
|-
| ty || {{IPA|[c]}} || 
|-
| '''ṱ'''|| {{IPA|[t̪ʼ]}} ||
|-
| ṱh || {{IPA|[t̪ʰ]}} ||
|-
| '''u'''|| {{IPA|[u]}} ||
|-
| '''v'''|| {{IPA|[v]}} ||
|-
| vh || {{IPA|[β]}} ||
|-
| '''w'''|| {{IPA|[w]}} ||
|-
| '''x'''|| {{IPA|[x]}} || Similar to the ''ch'' in Scottish ''loch''.
|-
| xw || {{IPA|[xʷ]}}|| 
|-
| '''y'''|| {{IPA|[j]}} ||
|-
| '''z'''|| {{IPA|[z]}} ||
|-
| zh || {{IPA|[ʒ]}} ||
|-
| zw || {{IPA|[ʐ]}} ||
|}

===Unicode===
The extra letters have the following [[Unicode]] names: 
* Ḓ U+1E12 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW
* ḓ U+1E13 LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW
* Ḽ U+1E3C LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW
* ḽ U+1E3D LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW
* Ṅ U+1E44 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH DOT ABOVE
* ṅ U+1E45 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH DOT ABOVE
* Ṋ U+1E4A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW
* ṋ U+1E4B LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW
* Ṱ U+1E70 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW
* ṱ U+1E71 LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW
<!--
==Samples==
Some short samples of the language in the writing system(s) used to write the language. You might also include sound samples of the language being spoken.
-->
===Luṱhofunḓeraru lwa Mibvumo===
{{Importance section|date=July 2017}}
The ''sintu'' writing system ''Isibheqe Sohlamvu/[[Ditema tsa Dinoko]]'', known technically in Venda as ''Luṱhofunḓeraru lwa Mibvumo'', is also used for the Venda language.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}
{| class="wikitable"
!''ṱala'' "divorce"
|
[[File:Ṱala.jpg|thumbnail|none|[t̪ʼaːɽa]]]
!''tala'' "draw a line"
|
[[File:Tala2.jpg|thumbnail|none|[tʼaːɽa]]]
|-
|}