Editing Video art (section)

==Early history==

[[Nam June Paik]], a Korean-American artist who studied in Germany, is widely regarded as a pioneer in video art.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vdb.org/sites/default/files/2020-04/Kate%20Horsfield%20-%20Busting%20the%20Tube%3B%20A%20Brief%20History%20of%20Video%20Art_0.pdf |title=Kate Horsfield - Busting the Tube: A Brief History of Video Art |access-date=26 May 2025 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053728/http://www.vdb.org/sites/default/files/Kate%20Horsfield%20-%20Busting%20the%20Tube;%20A%20Brief%20History%20of%20Video%20Art.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-04 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/going-out-guide/post/father-of-video-art-nam-june-paik-gets-american-art-museum-exhibit-photos/2012/12/12/c16fa980-448b-11e2-8e70-e1993528222d_blog.html|title=Nam June Paik at the Smithsonian American Art Museum opens Dec. 13|first=Maura|last=Judkis|date=12 December 2012|website=washingtonpost.com|access-date=9 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809041026/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/going-out-guide/post/father-of-video-art-nam-june-paik-gets-american-art-museum-exhibit-photos/2012/12/12/c16fa980-448b-11e2-8e70-e1993528222d_blog.html|archive-date=9 August 2017}}</ref> In March 1963 Paik showed at the Galerie Parnass in [[Wuppertal]] the ''Exposition of Music – Electronic Television''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.medienkunstnetz.de/ausstellungen/exposition-of-music/|title=Medien Kunst Netz - Exposition of Music – Electronic Television|first=Medien Kunst|last=Netz|date=9 May 2018|website=www.medienkunstnetz.de|access-date=9 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809001010/http://www.medienkunstnetz.de/ausstellungen/exposition-of-music/|archive-date=9 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.medienkunstnetz.de/exhibitions/exposition-of-music/images/3/|title=Media Art Net - Exhibition unknown|first=Media Art|last=Net|date=9 May 2018|website=www.medienkunstnetz.de|access-date=9 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809001552/http://www.medienkunstnetz.de/exhibitions/exposition-of-music/images/3/|archive-date=9 August 2017}}</ref> In May 1963 [[Wolf Vostell]] showed the [[installation art|installation]] ''6 TV Dé-coll/age'' at the [[Smolin Gallery]] in New York and created the video ''Sun in your head'' in Cologne. Originally ''Sun in your head'' was made on 16mm film and transferred 1967 to videotape.<ref>NBK Band 4. Time Pieces. Videokunst seit 1963. Verlag der Buchhandlung Walther König, Köln, 2013, {{ISBN|978-3-86335-074-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.medienkunstnetz.de/works/television-decollage/|title=Media Art Net - Vostell, Wolf: Television Décollage|first=Media Art|last=Net|date=9 May 2018|website=www.medienkunstnetz.de|access-date=9 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20120511194915/http://www.medienkunstnetz.de/works/television-decollage/|archive-date=11 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.medienkunstnetz.de/works/sun-in-your-head/|title=Media Art Net - Vostell, Wolf: Sun in Your Head|first=Media Art|last=Net|date=9 May 2018|website=www.medienkunstnetz.de|access-date=9 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171008211648/http://www.medienkunstnetz.de/works/sun-in-your-head/|archive-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>

Video art is often said to have begun when Paik used his new [[Sony]] [[Portapak]] to shoot footage of [[Pope Paul VI]]'s procession through [[New York City]] in the autumn of 1965<ref>Laura Cumming (December 19, 2010), [https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2010/dec/19/nam-june-paik-tate-liverpool-review Nam June Paik – review] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161126202759/https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2010/dec/19/nam-june-paik-tate-liverpool-review |date=2016-11-26 }} Nam June Paik ''[[The Guardian]]''.</ref> Later that same day, across town in a [[Greenwich Village]] cafe, Paik played the tapes and video art was born.

[[File:Sony AV-3400 Porta Pak Camera.jpg|thumb|A Sony AV-3400 [[Portapak]]]]

Prior to the introduction of consumer video equipment, moving image production was only available non-commercially via [[8mm film]] and [[16mm film]]. After the Portapak's introduction and its subsequent update every few years, many artists began exploring the new technology.

Many of the early prominent video artists were those involved with concurrent movements in conceptual art, performance, and experimental film. These include Americans [[Vito Acconci]], [[Valie Export]], [[John Baldessari]], [[Peter Campus]], [[Doris Totten Chase]], [[Maureen Connor]], [[Norman Cowie]], [[Dimitri Devyatkin]], [[Frank Gillette]], [[Dan Graham]], [[Gary Hill]], [[Joan Jonas]], [[Bruce Nauman]], Nam June Paik, [[Bill Viola]], [[Shigeko Kubota]], [[Martha Rosler]], [[William Wegman (photographer)|William Wegman]], and many others. There were also those such as [[Steina and Woody Vasulka]] who were interested in the formal qualities of video and employed video synthesizers to create abstract works. [[Kate Craig]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Canadian encyclopedia.|last=Marsh|first=James H|date=1985-01-01|publisher=Hurtig Publishers|isbn=088830269X|location=Edmonton|language=en|oclc = 12578727}}</ref> [[Vera Frenkel]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://canadianart.ca/reviews/vera_frenkel/|title=Vera Frenkel: Archive Fevers - Canadian Art|newspaper=Canadian Art|language=en-US|access-date=2016-10-22|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022220634/http://canadianart.ca/reviews/vera_frenkel/|archive-date=2016-10-22}}</ref> and [[Michael Snow]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RTAEBAAAQBAJ&q=michael+snow+video+art&pg=PA195|title=Video Art, A Guided Tour: A Guided Tour|last=Elwes|first=Catherine|date=2006-04-26|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=9780857735959|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180509015947/https://books.google.com/books?id=RTAEBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA195&dq=michael+snow+video+art&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjU2-Ttlu3PAhVFrD4KHUIJBg8Q6AEIOTAF#v=onepage&q=michael%20snow%20video%20art&f=false|archive-date=2018-05-09}}</ref> were important to the development of video art in Canada.