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Viognier
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==History== The origin of the Viognier grape is unknown; it is presumed to be an ancient grape, possibly originating in [[Dalmatia]] (present day [[Croatia]]) and then brought to the Rh么ne by the [[Ancient Rome|Romans]].<ref name=enjoy>[http://www.enjoyingviognier.com/cgi-bin/viognier.cgi Enjoying Viognier.com]</ref> One legend states that the [[Roman emperor]] [[Marcus Aurelius Probus|Probus]] brought the vine to the region in 281 AD; another has the grape packaged with [[Syrah]] on a cargo ship navigating the [[Rh么ne]] river, en route to [[Beaujolais]] when it was captured, near the site of present-day [[Condrieu]], by a local group of [[outlaw]]s known as ''culs de piaux''.<ref name="Clarke pg 277">O. Clarke ''Encyclopedia of Grapes'' pg 277 Harcourt Books 2001 {{ISBN|0-15-100714-4}}</ref> The origin of the name Viognier is also obscure. The most common namesake is the French city of [[Vienne, Is猫re|Vienne]], which was a major Roman outpost. Another legend has it drawing its name from the Roman pronunciation of the ''via [[Gehenna]]e'', meaning the "Road of the Valley of [[Hell]]". Probably this is an [[allusion]] to the difficulty of growing the grape.<ref name="Clarke pg 277"/> Viognier was once fairly common. In 1965, the grape was almost extinct, and a source reported only eight acres in Northern Rh么ne producing just 1,900 liters of wine at that time.<ref name=enjoy/> The popularity and price of the wine have risen, and the number of plantings has increased. Rh么ne now has over {{convert|740|acre|hectare|1}} planted.<ref name=enjoy/> In 2004, [[DNA profiling]] conducted at [[University of California, Davis]] showed the grape to be closely related to the [[Piedmont wine|Piedmont]] grape [[Freisa]], and to be a genetic [[cousin]] of [[Nebbiolo]].<ref name="Robinson pg 754"/>
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