Editing Voluntary sector (section)

==Terminology==
A variety of terms is in use to describe the non-governmental, not-for-profit sector, including "voluntary sector", "third sector", "community sector", and "nonprofit sector". In 1965, [[Richard Cornuelle]] coined the term "independent sector" and was one of the first scholars to point out the vast impact and unique mechanisms of this sector,<ref>{{cite web |title=(Re)Considering the Independent Sector |last=Lohmann |first=Roger A. |work=ResearchGate |date=January 2013 |url= https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258845247}}</ref> but in some contexts, such as social care, this term includes [[business]]es operating for profit.<ref>King's Fund, [https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/insight-and-analysis/data-and-charts/key-facts-figures-adult-social-care Key facts and figures about adult social care], published 12 May 2023, accessed 15 May 2024</ref>

A formal economic theory of the voluntary, nonprofit sector and its role was developed by [[Burton Weisbrod]] in the 1970s,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Weisbrod|first1=Burton|date=1975|title=Toward a Theory of the Voluntary Nonprofit Sector in a Three-Sector Economy (in Phelps, E., Ed., Altruism, Morality and Economic Theory)|publisher=Russell Sage|pages=171–195}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Weisbrod|first1=Burton|date=1977|title=The Voluntary Nonprofit Sector: An Economic Analysis|publisher=Lexington Books}}</ref> and subsequent decade.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Weisbrod|first1=Burton|date=1988|title=The Nonprofit Economy|publisher=Harvard University Press}}</ref> It distinguishes its incentives and behaviors from that of the private and public sectors of the economy, and recognizes non-profit organizations as suppliers of [[public good (economics)|public goods]] that are under-supplied by government. This enabled calculation of the value of voluntary labor in the United States, which is a factor now considered in the analysis of [[efficiency wage]].

More recent researchers such as [[Peter Frumkin]](2005) have also supported the concept of considering "non-profit" and "voluntary" organizations together.<ref>{{cite book|last=Frumkin|first=Peter|title=On Being Nonprofit: A Conceptual and Policy Primer|year=2005|publisher=Harvard University Press|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts|isbn=978-0-674-01835-8|edition=1st}}</ref> Rob Macmillan observed that the nature of this sector is "a hugely contested domain", with issues raised over "whether there is a coherent 'sector' at all, and if so what it should be called".<ref>Macmillan, R., [https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/Documents/college-social-sciences/social-policy/tsrc/working-papers/working-paper-20.pdf The third sector delivering public services: an evidence review], Third Sector Research Centre ([[University of Birmingham]]), Working Paper 20, p. 2, published July 2010, accessed 15 May 2024, quoting also Alcock, P. (2010) "A strategic unity: defining the third sector in the UK", ''Voluntary Sector Review'' 1(1): pp. 5–24</ref>