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Wheelchair ramp
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==Design standards== [[File:Access to the ramp in a wheelchair.jpg|thumb|Access to the ramp in a wheelchair]] In the US, the [[Americans with Disabilities Act]] (ADA) requires a [[Grade (slope)|slope]] of no more than 1:12 for wheelchairs and scooters for business and public use, which works out to {{convert|1|ft|mm|0}} of ramp for each {{convert|1|in|1|spell=in}} of rise. For example, a {{convert|20|in|adj=on}} rise requires a minimum of {{convert|20|ft|2}} in length of ramp. Additionally, amps can be as long as needed but ADA limits the longest single span of ramp, prior to a rest or turn platform, to {{convert|30|ft|2}}.<ref name="ADA, 405"/><ref name="MA, ADA"/> Residential Applications usually are not required to meet ADA standards (ADA is a commercial code).<ref>[https://esw.co.il/ esw.co.il]</ref> The UK's guidelines as recommended by the [[Disability Discrimination Act 1995]] and [[Equality Act 2010]] are a maximum of 1:12 for ramps (with exceptions for existing buildings) "Ramps should be as shallow as possible. The maximum permissible gradient is 1:12 [...], with the occasional exception in the case of short, steeper ramps when refitting existing buildings."<ref>{{cite book|date=March 2004|isbn=1-85946-143-3|title=Basingstoke and Deane - Designing for Accessibility|publisher=Centre for Accessible Environments|url=https://www.bathnes.gov.uk/sites/default/files/design_for_accessibility_guide_updated.pdf|access-date=2020-03-23|archive-date=2020-03-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323232731/https://www.bathnes.gov.uk/sites/default/files/design_for_accessibility_guide_updated.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> In [[Hong Kong]], wheelchair ramps may not exceed a 1:12 slope, except in some situations under the Barrier Free Access (BFA) terms.<ref >{{cite web |url=http://www.bd.gov.hk/english/documents/code/bfa2008/Division5.pdf |title=Design Manual - Barrier Free Access 2008, Chapter 4, Division 5 - Ramps |publisher=Buildings Department, Hong Kong |access-date=2012-06-17 |archive-date=2012-07-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120704011703/http://www.bd.gov.hk/english/documents/code/bfa2008/Division5.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> In South Africa 1:12 is the maximum slope unless the difference in level is less than 400 mm, in which case it is 1:10. [SANS 10400-S SS2(a)]. In Australia, the [[National Construction Code]] requires a wheelchair ramp to have a maximum incline of 1 in 8. This means that for every {{convert|8|m|ftin|abbr=}} travelled horizontally, the ramp rises {{convert|1|m|ftin}}. The wheelchair ramp must also have a minimum width of {{convert|1|m|ftin}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ncc.abcb.gov.au/|title=NCC 2019 Volume Two - Contains the requirements for residential and non-habitable buildings and structures.|date=November 2019|website=[[National Construction Code]]|access-date=25 November 2019}}</ref>
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