Editing Xul Solar (section)

==Biography==
Oscar Agustín Alejandro Schulz Solari was born in [[San Fernando, Buenos Aires|San Fernando]], [[Buenos Aires Province]], to a cosmopolitan family. His father, Elmo Schulz Riga, of Baltic German origin, was born in the Latvian city of [[Riga]], at that time part of [[Imperial Russia]]. His mother, originally from Italy, was named Agustina Solari.  He was educated in Buenos Aires, first as a musician, then as an architect (although he never completed his architectural studies). After working as a schoolteacher and holding a series of minor jobs in the municipal bureaucracy, on 5 April 1912, he set out on the ship ''England Carrier'', supposedly to work his passage to Hong Kong, but he disembarked in London and made his way to [[Turin]]. He returned to London to meet up with his mother and aunt, with whom he traveled to Paris, Turin (again), [[Genoa]], and his mother's native [[Zoagli]]. Over the following few years, despite the onset of [[World War I]], he would move among these cities, as well as [[Tours]], [[Marseille]], and [[Florence]]; towards the end of the war he served at the Argentine consulate in [[Milan]].{{fact|date=November 2024}}

During the years of the war, he struck up what was to be a lifelong friendship with Argentine artist [[Emilio Pettoruti]], then a young man living in Italy and associated with the [[Futurism (art)|futurists]]. Also around that time, he began to pay more attention to painting, first with [[watercolor]] (which would always remain his main medium as a painter), although he gradually began working in [[tempera]] and – very occasionally — [[oil painting|oils]]. He also adopted the pen name of Xul Solar. The first major exhibition of his art was in 1920 in Milan, together with sculptor [[Arturo Martini]].{{fact|date=November 2024}}

In 1916, Schulz Solari first signed his work "Xul Solar", ostensibly for the purposes to simplify the phonetics of his name, but an examination of the adopted name reveals that the first name is the reverse of "lux," which means "light" in Latin. Combined with "solar", the name reads as "the light of the sun", and demonstrates the artist's affinity for the universal source of light and energy.<ref name="Gradowczyk"/> His father's name "Schulz" and "Xul" are pronounced the same in Spanish.
{{blockquote|text=[H]e gave himself an extraterrestrial identity by modifying his parents' surnames and becoming Xul Solar. The first name reflected light, or lux, spelled backwards; the last, his maternal surname without the 'i,' was the sun itself.|sign=Caleb Bach<ref name="bach94">{{cite journal | title=Stairways to the Sun | journal=Americas |date=Jan–Feb 1994 | volume=46 | issue=1 | pages=6–13 | last=Bach | first=Caleb}}</ref>}}

During the years that followed he continued his travels, extending his orbit to [[Munich]] and [[Hamburg]]. In 1924, his work was exhibited in Paris in a show of Latin American artists. He also struck up an acquaintance with British occultist [[Aleister Crowley]] and his mistress [[Leah Hirsig]] who held high hopes for his discipleship, but later that year he returned to Buenos Aires, where he promptly became associated with the ''avant garde'' "[[Florida group]]" (a.k.a. "[[Martín Fierro (magazine)|Martín Fierro]] group"), a circle that also included [[Jorge Luis Borges]], with whom he was to keep an association and close friendship. It was in this group that he also met poet and novelist [[Leopoldo Marechal]] who would immortalize him as the astrologer Schultze in his famous novel ''[[Adam Buenosayres]]''. He began to exhibit frequently in the galleries of Buenos Aires, notably in a 1926 exhibition of modern painters that included [[Norah Borges]] (sister of Jorge Luis Borges) and [[Emilio Pettoruti]]. Throughout the rest of his life, he exhibited regularly in Buenos Aires and [[Montevideo]], Uruguay, but he would not have another major European exhibition until his twilight years. In 1962, a year before his death, he had a major exposition at the [[Musée National d'Art Moderne]] in Paris. He died at his house in [[Tigre, Buenos Aires|Tigre]] on 9 April 1963. Pettoruti published his biography five years later.{{fact|date=November 2024}}