Editing Checkmate (section)

==Common checkmates==
===Back-rank mate===
{{Main|Back-rank checkmate}}
{{Chess diagram  
|tleft
|From Burgess, p. 16
|  |  |  |xx|  |  |kd|  
|  |  |  |rl|  |pd|pd|pd
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  
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|  |  |  |  |kl|  |  |  
|White wins with 1.Rd8#.
}}
<br />
A [[back-rank checkmate]] is a checkmate delivered by a rook or queen along a back rank (that is, the row on which the pieces [not pawns] stand at the start of the game) in which the mated king is unable to move up the board because the king is blocked by friendly pieces (usually pawns) on the second rank.<ref>{{harvnb|Burgess|2009|p=16}}</ref> An example of a back-rank checkmate is shown in the diagram. It is also known as the ''corridor mate''.
{{Clear}}

===Scholar's mate===
{{Main|Scholar's mate}}
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{{chess diagram-fen
|fen=r1bqkb1r/pppp1Qpp/2n2n2/4p3/2B1P3/8/PPPP1PPP/RNB1K1NR
|size=26
|align=tleft
|reverse=false
|header=
|footer= Scholar's Mate—Black is checkmated.
}}
<!-- {{Chess diagram
|tleft
|
|rd|  |bd|qd|kd|bd|  |rd
|pd|pd|pd|pd|  |ql|pd|pd
|  |  |nd|  |  |nd|  |  
|  |  |  |  |pd|  |  |  
|  |  |bl|  |pl|  |  |  
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  
|pl|pl|pl|pl|  |pl|pl|pl
|rl|nl|bl|  |kl|  |nl|rl
|Scholar's Mate – Black is checkmated.
}}  -->
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[[File:scholars mate animation.gif|frame|left|Animation demonstrating Scholar's Mate]]
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{{clear}}

The [[scholar's mate]] (also known as the four-move checkmate) is the checkmate achieved by the moves:

:'''1. [[b:Chess Opening Theory/1. e4|e4]] [[b:Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5|e5]] 2. [[b:Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Qh5|Qh5]] [[b:Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Qh5/2...Nc6|Nc6]] 3. [[b:Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Qh5/2...Nc6/3. Bc4|Bc4]] [[b:Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Qh5/2...Nc6/3. Bc4/3...Nf6|Nf6??]] 4. [[wikibooks:Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Qh5/2...Nc6/3. Bc4/3...Nf6/4. Qxf7|Qxf7#]]'''

The moves might be played in a different order or in slight variation, but the basic idea is the same: the queen and bishop combine in a simple mating attack on f7 (or f2 if Black is performing the mate).<ref>{{harvnb|Hooper|Whyld|1992|pp=358–59}}</ref> There are also other ways to checkmate in four moves.

===Fool's mate===
{{Main|Fool's mate}}
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{{chess diagram-fen
|fen=rnb1kbnr/pppp1ppp/8/4p3/6Pq/5P2/PPPPP2P/RNBQKBNR
|size=26
|align=tleft
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|header=
|footer= Fool's Mate—White is checkmated.
}}
<!-- {{Chess diagram
| tleft
|
|rd|nd|bd|  |kd|bd|nd|rd
|pd|pd|pd|pd|  |pd|pd|pd
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  
|  |  |  |  |pd|  |  |  
|  |  |  |  |  |  |pl|qd
|  |  |  |  |  |pl|  |  
|pl|pl|pl|pl|pl|  |  |pl
|rl|nl|bl|ql|kl|bl|nl|rl
|Fool's Mate – White is checkmated.
}} -->
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[[File:fools mate animation.gif|frame|left|Animation demonstrating Fool's Mate]]
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{{clear}}

The [[fool's mate]], also known as the two-move checkmate, is the quickest possible checkmate. A prime example consists of the moves:

:'''1. [[b:Chess Opening Theory/1. f3|f3]] [[b:Chess Opening Theory/1. f3/1...e5|e5]] 2. [[b:Chess Opening Theory/1. f3/1...e5/2. g4|g4]] [[b:Chess Opening Theory/1. f3/1...e5/2. g4/2...Qh4|Qh4#]]'''

resulting in the position shown.<ref>{{harvnb|Hooper|Whyld|1992|p=143}}</ref> (The pattern can have slight variations, for example [[White and Black in chess|White]] might play f4 instead of f3 or move the g-[[pawn (chess)|pawn]] first, and Black might play ...e6 instead of ...e5.)

===Smothered mate===
{{Main|Smothered mate}}
{| align="right" 
|-valign="top" 
|+ Timman vs. Short, 1990<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1124489 |title=Timman vs. Short, Tilburg 1990 |website=[[Chessgames.com]] }}</ref>
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{{chess diagram-fen
|fen=4r2k/2pRP1pp/2p5/p4pN1/2Q3n1/q5P1/P3PP1P/6K1
|size=23
|align=tright
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|header=  
|footer=  Smothered mate after 27.Nf7+ Kg8 28.Nh6+ Kh8 29.Qg8+ Rxg8 30.Nf7#.
}}
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{{chess diagram-fen
|fen=6rk/2pRPNpp/2p5/p4p2/6n1/q5P1/P3PP1P/6K1
|size=23
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|header=  
|footer=  Final position 
}}
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|}

<!-- {{Chess diagram small
|tleft
| '''Timman vs. Short, 1990'''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1124489 |title=Timman vs. Short, Tilburg 1990 |website=[[Chessgames.com]] }}</ref>
|  |  |  |  |rd|  |  |kd
|  |  |pd|rl|pl|  |pd|pd
|  |  |pd|  |  |  |  |  
|pd|  |  |  |  |pd|nl|  
|  |  |ql|  |  |  |nd|  
|qd|  |  |  |  |  |pl|  
|pl|  |  |  |pl|pl|  |pl
|  |  |  |  |  |  |kl|  
| Smothered mate after 27.Nf7+ Kg8 28.Nh6+ Kh8 29.Qg8+ Rxg8 30.Nf7#.
}} -->
<!-- {{Chess diagram small
|tright
| '''Timman vs. Short, final position'''

|  |  |  |  |  |  |rd|kd
|  |  |pd|rl|pl|nl|pd|pd
|  |  |pd|  |  |  |  |  
|pd|  |  |  |  |pd|  |  
|  |  |  |  |  |  |nd|  
|qd|  |  |  |  |  |pl|  
|pl|  |  |  |pl|pl|  |pl
|  |  |  |  |  |  |kl|  
| Smothered mate
}} -->
A [[smothered mate]] is a checkmate delivered by a [[knight (chess)|knight]] in which the mated [[king (chess)|king]] is unable to move because it is surrounded (or ''smothered'') by its own pieces.<ref>{{harvnb|Hooper|Whyld|1992|p=376}}</ref>

The mate is usually seen in a corner of the board, since fewer pieces are needed to surround the king there. The most common form of smothered mate is seen in the adjacent diagram. The knight on f7 delivers mate to the king on h8 which is prevented from escaping the [[check (chess)|check]] by the [[rook (chess)|rook]] on g8 and the pawns on g7 and h7. Similarly, White can be mated with the white king on h1 and the knight on f2.
{{Clear}}