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Clavinet
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==Notable users== ===Stevie Wonder=== [[File:Stevie Wonder and Nathan Watts (2006).jpg|thumb|[[Stevie Wonder]] playing a Clavinet D6 in 2006]] <!-- Please do not add an entry here without a RELIABLE SOURCE that clearly shows prominent or significant use of the Clavinet, or your edit may be reverted --> The Clavinet is strongly associated with [[Stevie Wonder]], particularly his 1972 number-one hit "[[Superstition (song)|Superstition]]", where it provides the main riff and accompaniment to the song.{{sfn|Lenhoff|Robertson|2019|p=243}}{{sfn|Brice|2001|p=102}} The track features multiple Clavinet C overdubs, and requires Wonder and another keyboardist to play on two Clavinets simultaneously to recreate the arrangement in live performances.{{sfn|Lenhoff|Robertson|2019|p=257}} Wonder began to use Clavinets in the late 1960s, when he was looking for a keyboard that could play guitar-like sounds.{{sfn|Vail|Carson|2000|p=274}} He first used it on "[[Shoo-Be-Doo-Be-Doo-Da-Day]]" (1968).{{sfn|Lenhoff|Robertson|2019|p=246}} As well as "Superstition", other tracks such as "[[Higher Ground (Stevie Wonder song)|Higher Ground]]" are led by the Clavinet played through a [[Mu-Tron III]] filter pedal, and the album ''[[Talking Book]]'' makes prominent use of the instrument.{{sfn|Lenhoff|Robertson|2019|pp=246,257}} The track "Sweet Little Girl" (on 1972's ''[[Music of My Mind]]'') features the line "You know your baby loves you, more than I love my Clavinet".{{sfn|Lenhoff|Robertson|2019|p=257}} By the 1970s, Hohner began to use photos of Wonder in their advertising. He has continued to record and tour with the Clavinet into the 21st century, and has several models. His main stage instrument is a customised D6 with modified preamps and high-quality film capacitors. The D6 is powered by a 9V battery instead of mains power, as it avoids [[ground loop (electricity)|ground loops]] and associated noise.{{sfn|Lenhoff|Robertson|2019|p=257}} ===Others=== <!-- Please do not add content here without adding a reliable source, otherwise your edit may be reverted --> In 1975, keyboardist [[Dave MacRae]] played the clavinet on [[Bill Oddie]]'s song "[[The Funky Gibbon]]" performed by [[The Goodies]]. Oddie recalled that MacRae's playing had a "very Stevie Wonder-type feel to it ... And then I literally started whacking the top of the grand piano. So the actual rhythm-track of 'The Funky Gibbon' has only got me and Dave on it."<ref>{{cite web |author=Bill Oddie |url=http://www.alwynwturner.com/glitter/funky_gibbon.html |title='It sounds like Parliament on a bad day' β the making of 'The Funky Gibbon'}}</ref> The Clavinet was used in [[funk]] music, often played through a wah-wah pedal.{{sfn|Lenhoff|Robertson|2019|p=245}}{{sfn|Vail|Carson|2000|p=274}} It can be heard on [[Bill Withers]]' "[[Use Me (Bill Withers song)|Use Me]]" and [[Funkadelic]]'s "A Joyful Process".{{sfn|Lenhoff|Robertson|2019|p=257}} [[Billy Preston]] used a Clavinet on several songs, such as his own "[[Outa-Space]]" (1972)<ref>{{cite web|first=Ed|last=Hogan|url=https://www.allmusic.com/song/outa-space-mt0005775489|title=Billy Preston 'Outa-Space'|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=December 17, 2019}}</ref> and the [[Rolling Stones]]' "[[Doo Doo Doo Doo Doo (Heartbreaker)]]" (1973).{{sfn|Lenhoff|Robertson|2019|p=257}} [[Herbie Hancock]] featured the Clavinet prominently on the albums ''[[Head Hunters]]'' (1973)<ref>{{cite book|title=Learn to Play Keyboards|first=Steven|last=Ashworth|page=234|publisher=[[Chartwell Books]]|year=2008|isbn=978-1-610-58368-8}}</ref> and ''[[Man-Child]]'' (1975), and both he and [[Chick Corea]] regularly played the instrument.{{sfn|Vail|Carson|2000|p=274}}{{sfn|Lenhoff|Robertson|2019|p=257}} The first [[reggae]] recording to feature the Clavinet was the Termites' "Attractive Girl" (1967).<ref name=sos/> [[Bob Marley and the Wailers]]' "[[Could You Be Loved]]" (1980) is driven by a Clavinet riff played by [[Earl Lindo]],{{sfn|Lenhoff|Robertson|2019|p=257}} as is Wonder's Marley-influenced track "[[Master Blaster (Jammin')]]", played by Wonder himself.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Billboard Book of Number One Rhythm & Blues Hits|page=278|publisher=Billboard Books|year=1993|isbn=978-0-823-08285-8}}</ref> [[The Band]]'s [[Garth Hudson]] played a Clavinet fed through a wah-wah pedal on "[[Up on Cripple Creek]]" (1969).{{sfn|Lenhoff|Robertson|2019|p=246}} [[Keith Emerson]] played the instrument on [[Emerson, Lake & Palmer]]'s cover of "[[Nut Rocker]]", heard on 1971's ''[[Pictures at an Exhibition (Emerson, Lake & Palmer album)|Pictures at an Exhibition]]''.{{sfn|Brice|2001|p=102}} [[George Duke]] regularly used a Clavinet when playing with [[Frank Zappa]] and solo, using the Castle Bar modification.{{sfn|Lenhoff|Robertson|2019|pp=257β258}} [[Peter Hammill]] used the Clavinet as his main keyboard instrument on [[Van der Graaf Generator]]'s ''[[Godbluff]]'' (1975).<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.uncut.co.uk/features/van-der-graaf-generator-things-went-bit-mad-108028/2/|title=Van Der Graaf Generator: "Things went a bit mad after a while"|magazine=Uncut|date=2 November 2018|access-date=5 November 2021}}</ref> [[Led Zeppelin]]'s [[John Paul Jones (musician)|John Paul Jones]] played a Clavinet on "[[Trampled Under Foot]]", as did [[Daryl Dragon]] on [[Captain & Tennille]]'s "[[Love Will Keep Us Together]]"(both 1975).{{sfn|Lenhoff|Robertson|2019|p=256}} Late seventies hit singles to feature a Clavinet include [[Steely Dan]]'s "[[Kid Charlemagne]]" and [[Fleetwood Mac]]'s "[[You Make Loving Fun]]".{{sfn|Lenhoff|Robertson|2019|p=257}} [[Lachy Doley]] uses the Clavinet (with the Castle Bar modification, similar to a guitar's [[whammy bar]]) as one of his main instruments. His [[YouTube]] videos showing him use the mod's tremolo arm have gone viral. He bought his first Clavinet second-hand aged 17 for $150; the modification had already been made at the time he bought this. The signal from the Clavinet is fed into a [[Dunlop Cry Baby]] wah-wah pedal, then into a [[Fender Hot Rod DeVille|Fender Deville]] amplifier.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://mixdownmag.com.au/features/interviews/what-the-funk-lachy-doley-gives-us-a-rundown-of-his-whammy-clav/|title=What the funk? Lachy Doley gives us a rundown of his Whammy Clav|magazine=Mixdown|access-date=November 4, 2021}}</ref>
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