Editing Colitis (section)

==Treatment==
Treatment for this condition can include medications such as steroids and dietary changes.  In some instances, hospitalization and surgery may be required.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Treatment for Ulcerative Colitis - NIDDK |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/ulcerative-colitis/treatment |access-date=2024-04-20 |website=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases |language=en-US}}</ref>

Moreover, several studies recently have found significant relationship between colitis and [[dairy allergy]] (including: [[cow milk]], [[UHT]] cow milk and [[casein]]),<ref name="Yang_2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Yang M, Geng L, Chen P, Wang F, Xu Z, Liang C, Li H, Fang T, Friesen CA, Gong S, Li D | title = Effectiveness of dietary allergen exclusion therapy on eosinophilic colitis in Chinese infants and young children ≤ 3 years of age | journal = Nutrients | volume = 7 | issue = 3 | pages = 1817–1827 | date = March 2015 | pmid = 25768952 | pmc = 4377883 | doi = 10.3390/nu7031817 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Lucendo_2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lucendo AJ, Serrano-Montalbán B, Arias Á, Redondo O, Tenias JM | title = Efficacy of Dietary Treatment for Inducing Disease Remission in Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis | journal = Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition | volume = 61 | issue = 1 | pages = 56–64 | date = July 2015 | pmid = 25699593 | doi = 10.1097/MPG.0000000000000766 | s2cid = 26195645 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Sun_2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Sun J, Lin J, Parashette K, Zhang J, Fan R | title = Association of lymphocytic colitis and lactase deficiency in pediatric population | journal = Pathology, Research and Practice | volume = 211 | issue = 2 | pages = 138–144 | date = February 2015 | pmid = 25523228 | doi = 10.1016/j.prp.2014.11.009 }}</ref> suggesting some patients may benefit from an [[elimination diet]].

=== Microbiome modification ===
The use of oral [[probiotic]] supplements to modify the composition and behavior of the microbiome has been considered as a possible therapy for both induction and maintenance of remission in people with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. A Cochrane review in 2020 did not find clear evidence of improved remission likelihood, nor lower adverse events, in people with Crohn's disease, following probiotic treatment.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Limketkai |first1=Berkeley N |last2=Akobeng |first2=Anthony K |last3=Gordon |first3=Morris |last4=Adepoju |first4=Akinlolu Adedayo |date=2020-07-17 |editor-last=Cochrane Gut Group |title=Probiotics for induction of remission in Crohn's disease |journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |language=en |volume=2020 |issue=7 |pages=CD006634 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD006634.pub3 |pmc=7389339 |pmid=32678465}}</ref>

For ulcerative colitis, there is low-certainty evidence that probiotic supplements may increase the probability of clinical remission.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last1=Kaur |first1=Lakhbir |last2=Gordon |first2=Morris |last3=Baines |first3=Patricia Anne |last4=Iheozor-Ejiofor |first4=Zipporah |last5=Sinopoulou |first5=Vasiliki |last6=Akobeng |first6=Anthony K |date=2020-03-04 |editor-last=Cochrane IBD Group |title=Probiotics for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis |journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |language=en |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=CD005573 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD005573.pub3 |pmc=7059959 |pmid=32128795}}</ref> People receiving probiotics were 73% more likely to experience disease remission and over 2x as likely to report improvement in symptoms compared to those receiving a placebo, with no clear difference in minor or serious adverse effects.<ref name=":5" /> Although there was no clear evidence of greater remission when probiotic supplements were compared with [[Mesalazine|5‐aminosalicylic acid]] treatment as a [[monotherapy]], the likelihood of remission was 22% higher if probiotics were used in combination with 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy.<ref name=":5" /> Whereas in people who are already in remission, it is unclear whether probiotics help to prevent future relapse, either as a monotherapy or [[combination therapy]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Iheozor-Ejiofor |first1=Zipporah |last2=Kaur |first2=Lakhbir |last3=Gordon |first3=Morris |last4=Baines |first4=Patricia Anne |last5=Sinopoulou |first5=Vasiliki |last6=Akobeng |first6=Anthony K |date=2020-03-04 |editor-last=Cochrane IBD Group |title=Probiotics for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis |journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |language=en |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=CD007443 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD007443.pub3 |pmc=7059960 |pmid=32128794}}</ref>