Editing Convection (section)

===Demonstration experiments===
[[File:Thermal circulation.png|thumb|Thermal circulation of air masses]]
Thermal convection in liquids can be demonstrated by placing a heat source (for example, a [[Bunsen burner]]) at the side of a container with a liquid. Adding a dye to the water (such as food colouring) will enable visualisation of the flow.<ref>{{Citation|title=Convection Experiment - GCSE Physics| date=12 December 2020 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MBFUfld_5i0| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/MBFUfld_5i0| archive-date=2021-12-11 | url-status=live|language=en|access-date=2021-05-11}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Convection Experiment|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8H06ZA2xmo| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/B8H06ZA2xmo| archive-date=2021-12-11 | url-status=live|language=en|access-date=2021-05-11}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

Another common experiment to demonstrate thermal convection in liquids involves submerging open containers of hot and cold liquid coloured with dye into a large container of the same liquid without dye at an intermediate temperature (for example, a jar of hot tap water coloured red, a jar of water chilled in a fridge coloured blue, lowered into a clear tank of water at room temperature).<ref>{{Citation|title=Convection Current Lab Demo| date=29 September 2017 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JBGT6UPTgWE| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/JBGT6UPTgWE| archive-date=2021-12-11 | url-status=live|language=en|access-date=2021-05-11}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

A third approach is to use two identical jars, one filled with hot water dyed one colour, and cold water of another colour. One jar is then temporarily sealed (for example, with a piece of card), inverted and placed on top of the other. When the  card is removed, if the jar containing the warmer liquid is placed on top no convection will occur. If the jar containing colder liquid is placed on top, a convection current will form spontaneously.<ref>{{Citation|title=Colorful Convection Currents - Sick Science! #075| date=15 February 2012 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RCO90hvEL1I| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/RCO90hvEL1I| archive-date=2021-12-11 | url-status=live|language=en|access-date=2021-05-11}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

Convection in gases can be demonstrated using a candle in a sealed space with an inlet and exhaust port. The heat from the candle will cause a strong convection current which can be demonstrated with a flow indicator, such as smoke from another candle, being released near the inlet and exhaust areas respectively.<ref>{{Citation|title=Convection in gases| date=22 August 2018 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VZZtB7yjmA| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/6VZZtB7yjmA| archive-date=2021-12-11 | url-status=live|language=en|access-date=2021-05-11}}{{cbignore}}</ref>