Editing Direct Stream Digital (section)

==DSD file formats==
There are several ways to store DSD encoded audio as files on a computer. One option is to use DSD native file formats used specifically for this purpose. Alternatively, DSD can be stored in general purpose audio formats officially adapted to support DSD storage. Finally, DSD audio can be embedded into PCM audio streams that do not have special DSD support. However, a special decoder is needed to recover the DSD stream from these PCM files.

===DSD Interchange File Format===
{{Infobox file format
| name          = DSD Interchange File Format
| extension     = .dff
| mime          = audio/x-dff
| owner         = [[Philips]]
| type          = DSD Audio
| latest_release_version = 1.5
| latest_release_date = 2004-27-04
| url           = sonicstudio.com/pdf/dsd/DSDIFF_1.5_Spec.pdf
}}

''DSD Interchange File Format'' (DSDIFF) is a native DSD file format developed by [[Philips]] between 2000 and 2004 for storage of DSD recordings.<ref>{{Citation
| year        = 2004
| title       = Direct Stream Digital Interchange File Format
| publisher   = Royal Philips Electronics
| url         = https://dsd-guide.com/sites/default/files/white-papers/DSDIFF_1.5_Spec.pdf
| access-date = 2022-07-15
}}</ref> The format supports [[DST compression]] of the payload as well as annotations used in Super Audio CD production. A single DSDIFF file may store an entire album as a single audio stream together with markers indicating the location of individual tracks for the album. Some parts of the audio content may be left out entirely from the resulting SACD. The embedded metadata format is intended for mastering engineers not consumers. For example, markers indicating the beginning of a new audio track have a text field for storing arbitrary text-based information. However, there is no requirement for the text to contain the title of the track. A [[de facto standard]] for including [[ID3]] metadata in an unofficial ID3 chunk was later developed as consumers adopted the format for storing individual tracks of DSD audio. DSDIFF files typically use the <code>.dff</code> file suffix. No official [[media type]] has been registered for the DSDIFF file format.<ref name="Media Types">{{Citation
| year        = 2022
| title       = Media Types
| publisher   = IANA
| url         = https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml
| access-date = 2022-07-15
}}</ref> [[Freedesktop.org]] uses the unofficial media types <code>audio/x-dff</code>.<ref name=":0">{{Citation
| year        = 2022
| title       = Freedesktop.org Shared MIME Database
| publisher   = Freedesktop.org
| url         = https://cgit.freedesktop.org/xdg/shared-mime-info/tree/data/freedesktop.org.xml.in
| access-date = 2022-07-15
}}</ref>

===Wideband Single-bit Data===
{{Infobox file format
| name = Wideband Single-bit Data
| extension = .wsd
| mime =
| owner = [[1-bit Audio Consortium]]
| type = DSD Audio
}}

''Wideband Single-bit Data'' (WSD) is a native DSD file format developed by [[1-bit Audio Consortium]] in 2002.<ref>{{Citation
| year        = 2002
| title       = Specifications for 1-bit-coding Data File, version 1.0
| language    = ja
| publisher   = 1-bit Audio Consortium
| url         = http://www.acoust.rise.waseda.ac.jp/1bitcons/data2/020917wsd.pdf
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20031011125251fw_/http://www.acoust.rise.waseda.ac.jp/1bitcons/data2/020917wsd.pdf
| archive-date = 2003-10-11
}}</ref> The consortium was established by [[Waseda University]], [[Sharp Corporation|Sharp]] and [[Pioneer Corporation|Pioneer]] a year earlier.<ref>{{Citation
| year        = 2001
| title       = Waseda University, Sharp, and Pioneer Establish 1-bit Audio Consortium to Promote Next-Generation Audio Technology
| publisher   = Pioneer
| url         = https://global.pioneer/en/corp/news/press/index/1453
}}</ref> In 2012 the consortium published an updated 1.1 version of the specification.<ref>{{Citation
| year        = 2012
| title       = Specifications for 1-bit-coding Data File, version 1.1
| language    = ja
| publisher   = 1-bit Audio Consortium
| url         = http://1bitcons.acoust.ias.sci.waseda.ac.jp/pdf/wsd_file_format_ver1_1.pdf
| access-date = 2022-09-11
}}</ref> The WSD header has a field for storing an absolute timestamp in samples since midnight. The timestamp makes it possible to accurately know how much time passed between two recordings made consecutively on the same physical recording device. [[Korg]] portable recorders [[Korg MR-1|MR-1]], [[Korg MR-2|MR-2]], [[Korg MR-1000|MR-1000]] and [[Korg MR-2000s|MR-2000s]] support WSD alongside other DSD based formats.<ref>{{Citation
| date        = March 2007
| title       = Korg MR1000 & MR1 — High-resolution DSD Master Recorders
| first       = Hugh
| last        = Robjohns
| publisher   = [[Sound on Sound]]
| url         = https://www.soundonsound.com/reviews/korg-mr1000-mr1
| access-date = 2022-10-16
}}</ref><ref>{{Citation
| date        = 2010-12-21
| title       = KORG MR-2 recorder
| first       = Jez riley
| last        = French
| url         = http://jezrileyfrench-aquietposition.blogspot.com/2010/10/korg-mr-2-recorder-ive-just-received.html
| access-date = 2022-10-16
}}</ref><ref>{{Citation
| date        = 2009-01-08
| title       = Korg MR-2000S 1-Bit Studio Recorder Review
| first       = Barry
| last        = Rudolph
| publisher   = [[Mix (magazine)|Mix]]
| url         = https://www.mixonline.com/technology/korg-mr-2000s-1-bit-studio-recorder-review-369470
| access-date = 2022-10-16
}}</ref>

===DSD Stream File===
{{Infobox file format
| name          = DSD Stream File
| extension     = .dsf
| mime          = audio/x-dsf
| owner         = [[Sony]]
| type          = DSD Audio
| latest_release_version = 1.01
| latest_release_date = November 2005
| url           = dsd-guide.com/sonys-dsf-file-format-spec
}}

''DSD Stream File'' (DSF) is a native DSD file format developed by [[Sony]] around 2005.<ref>{{Citation
| year         = 2006
| title        = DSD Format License Agreement
| publisher    = Sony Corporation
| url          = http://www.dsd-format.sony.net:80/en/index.php
| archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20060417193238/http://www.dsd-format.sony.net:80/en/index.php
| archive-date = 2006-04-17
}}</ref><ref>{{Citation
| year        = 2005
| title       = DSF File Format Specification
| publisher   = Sony Corporation
| url         = https://dsd-guide.com/sites/default/files/white-papers/DSFFileFormatSpec_E.pdf
| access-date = 2022-07-15
}}</ref> The format is intended for storing individual tracks of DSD audio and has native support for ID3 metadata inclusion. The format defines a "format ID" field that could presumably be used to indicate DST compression. However, the only identifier defined in the spec is number 0 indicating "DSD raw". Files containing DSF data would typically use the<code>.dsf</code> file suffix. No official media type has been registered for the DSF file format.<ref name="Media Types"/> Freedesktop.org uses the unofficial media types <code>audio/x-dsf</code>.<ref name=":0" />

===DSD compatible file formats===
DSD-compatible file formats support storing DSD-encoded audio in addition to audio encoded as [[PCM]].

[[WavPack]] is a generic audio storage format supporting various different forms of audio.<ref>{{Citation
| year        = 2020
| title       = WavPack 4 & 5 Binary File / Block Format
| last1        = Bryant
| first1       = David
| url         = https://www.wavpack.com/WavPack5FileFormat.pdf
| access-date = 2022-08-14
}}</ref> Compressed DSD audio is also supported by the format.<ref>{{Citation
| year        = 2022
| title       = Compressing DSD files with Wavpack 5
| publisher   = DIY Audio Heaven
| url         = https://diyaudioheaven.wordpress.com/digital/pc-software/compressing-dsd-files-with-wavpack-5/
| access-date = 2022-08-14
}}</ref> The DSD support was initially introduced with the release of WavPack software suite version 5 in December 2016.<ref>{{Citation
| year        = 2022
| title       = changelog.txt
| publisher   = wavpack.com
| url         = https://www.wavpack.com/changelog.txt
| access-date = 2022-09-06
}}</ref> Files containing WavPack data would typically use the<code>.wv</code> file suffix. No official media type has been registered for the WavPack file format.<ref name="Media Types"/> Freedesktop.org uses the unofficial media types <code>audio/x-wavpack</code>.<ref name=":0"/> Since WavPack supports multiple formats, the suffix or mime type alone does not indicate the presence of DSD audio.

===DSD over PCM (DoP)===

In addition to actual DSD file formats, a format called ''DSD Audio over PCM Frames'' (DoP) is used for embedding DSD into PCM audio streams.<ref>{{Citation
| year        = 2012
| title       = DoP Open Standard
| last1        = Koch
| first1       = Andreas
| last2        = McHarg
| first2       = Andy
| last3        = Rankin
| first3       = Gordon
| last4        = Jurewicz
| first4       = Michal
| url         = https://dsd-guide.com/sites/default/files/white-papers/DoP_openStandard_1v1.pdf
| access-date = 2022-07-15
}}</ref> DoP makes it possible to circumvent any PCM-only component in the playback chain that would prevent a DSD-capable DAC from receiving the raw DSD data required for native DSD playback. While DoP is intended to be a wire protocol used for communication between music player application and a DAC, there exists tools that can embed DoP-encoded DSD into FLAC files enabling users to use a non-DSD capable player for DSD playback with their DoP-capable DAC.<ref>{{Citation
| title       = Sonore dsd2flac
| publisher   = Simple Design, LLC
| url         = https://www.sonore.us/dsd2flac.html
| access-date = 2022-07-15
}}</ref> A DoP stream is designed to sound like low-volume noise when played back by a PCM-only DAC, while a DoP-capable DAC will detect the presence of DSD data, extract it from the PCM and play it back as DSD.