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Euler's totient function
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==Some values== The first 100 values {{OEIS|A000010}} are shown in the table and graph below: [[File:EulerPhi100.svg|thumb|Graph of the first 100 values]] :{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right" |+{{math|''Ο''(''n'')}} for {{math|1 β€ ''n'' β€ 100}} ! + ! 1 || 2 || 3 || 4 || 5 || 6 || 7 || 8 || 9 || 10 |- ! 0 | 1 || 1 || 2 || 2 || 4 || 2 || 6 || 4 || 6 || 4 |- ! 10 | 10 || 4 || 12 || 6 || 8 || 8 || 16 || 6 || 18 || 8 |- ! 20 | 12 || 10 || 22 || 8 || 20 || 12 || 18 || 12 || 28 || 8 |- ! 30 | 30 || 16 || 20 || 16 || 24 || 12 || 36 || 18 || 24 || 16 |- ! 40 | 40 || 12 || 42 || 20 || 24 || 22 || 46 || 16 || 42 || 20 |- ! 50 | 32 || 24 || 52 || 18 || 40 || 24 || 36 || 28 || 58 || 16 |- ! 60 | 60 || 30 || 36 || 32 || 48 || 20 || 66 || 32 || 44 || 24 |- ! 70 | 70 || 24 || 72 || 36 || 40 || 36 || 60 || 24 || 78 || 32 |- ! 80 | 54 || 40 || 82 || 24 || 64 || 42 || 56 || 40 || 88 || 24 |- ! 90 | 72 || 44 || 60 || 46 || 72 || 32 || 96 || 42 || 60 || 40 |} In the graph at right the top line {{math|''y'' {{=}} ''n'' β 1}} is an [[upper bound]] valid for all {{mvar|n}} other than one, and attained if and only if {{mvar|n}} is a prime number. A simple lower bound is <math>\varphi(n) \ge \sqrt{n/2} </math>, which is rather loose: in fact, the [[Limit superior and limit inferior|lower limit]] of the graph is proportional to {{math|{{sfrac|''n''|log log ''n''}}}}.<ref name="hw328"/> {{clear}}
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