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Exterior algebra
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=== Graded structure === The exterior product of a {{math|''k''}}-vector with a {{math|''p''}}-vector is a <math>(k + p)</math>-vector, once again invoking bilinearity. As a consequence, the direct sum decomposition of the preceding section : <math> {\textstyle\bigwedge}(V) = {\textstyle\bigwedge}^{\!0}(V) \oplus {\textstyle\bigwedge}^{\!1}(V) \oplus {\textstyle\bigwedge}^{\!2}(V) \oplus \cdots \oplus {\textstyle\bigwedge}^{\!n}(V) </math> gives the exterior algebra the additional structure of a [[graded algebra]], that is : <math> {\textstyle\bigwedge}^{\!k}(V) \wedge {\textstyle\bigwedge}^{\!p}(V) \sub {\textstyle\bigwedge}^{\!k+p}(V). </math> Moreover, if {{math|''K''}} is the base field, we have : <math> {\textstyle\bigwedge}^{\!0}(V) = K </math> and <math> {\textstyle\bigwedge}^{\!1}(V) = V. </math> The exterior product is graded anticommutative, meaning that if <math>\alpha \in {\textstyle\bigwedge}^{\!k}(V) </math> and {{tmath|\beta \in {\textstyle\bigwedge}^{\!p}(V)}}, then : <math> \alpha \wedge \beta = (-1)^{kp}\beta \wedge \alpha. </math> In addition to studying the graded structure on the exterior algebra, {{harvtxt|Bourbaki|1989}} studies additional graded structures on exterior algebras, such as those on the exterior algebra of a [[graded module]] (a module that already carries its own gradation).
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