Editing Hawaiian language (section)

===Niʻihau===
{{blockquote|text=Niʻihau is the only area in the world where Hawaiian is the first language and English is a foreign language.<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Elbert|Pukui|1979|pp=23}}</ref> | author=Samuel Elbert and Mary Pukui | source=''Hawaiian Grammar'' (1979)}}

The isolated island of [[Niʻihau]], located off the southwest coast of [[Kauai]], is the one island where Hawaiian (more specifically a local dialect of Hawaiian known as [[Niihau dialect]]) is still spoken as the language of daily life.<ref name="Lyovin 1997 258"/> 
{{Harvcoltxt|Elbert|Pukui|1979|pp=23}} states that "[v]ariations in Hawaiian dialects have not been systematically studied", and that "[t]he dialect of Niʻihau is the most aberrant and the one most in need of study". They recognized that Niʻihauans can speak Hawaiian in substantially different ways. Their statements are based in part on some specific observations made by {{Harvcoltxt|Newbrand|1951}}. (See [[Hawaiian phonology#Phonological processes|Hawaiian phonological processes]])

Friction has developed between those on Niʻihau that speak Hawaiian as a first language, and those who speak Hawaiian as a second language, especially those educated by the [[Ka Haka ʻUla O Keʻelikōlani, College of Hawaiian Language|College of Hawaiian Language]] at the [[University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo]]. The university sponsors a Hawaiian Language Lexicon Committee ({{lang|haw|Kōmike Huaʻōlelo Hou}}) which coins words for concepts that historically have not existed in the language, like "computer" and "cell phone". These words are generally not incorporated into the Niʻihau dialect, which often coins its own words organically. Some new words are Hawaiianized versions of English words, and some are composed of Hawaiian roots.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pri.org/stories/2016-07-28/last-native-speakers-hawaiian |title=Meet the last native speakers of Hawaiian |date=2016-07-28 |author=Nina Porzucki |publisher=[[The World (radio program)|The World]] (The World in Words podcast)}}</ref>