Editing Headlamp (section)

==== Hidden headlamps ====
{{Main|Hidden headlamps}}
[[File:Mazda323FBG KlappscheinwerferAni.gif|thumb|right|Pop-up headlamps on a [[Mazda Familia Astina|Mazda 323F]]]]

Hidden headlamps were introduced in 1936,<ref name=Slate2013>{{cite web|title=Whatever Happened to Pop-Up Headlights?|url=http://www.slate.com/blogs/the_eye/2013/10/22/pop_up_headlights_why_the_hidden_headlamp_has_disappeared.html|website=Slate|access-date=4 January 2015|date=22 October 2013}}</ref> on the [[Cord 810/812]]. They were mounted in the front fenders, which were smooth until the lights were cranked out—each with its own small dash-mounted crank—by the operator. They aided [[aerodynamics]] when the headlamps were not in use and were among the Cord's signature design features.

Later hidden headlamps require one or more vacuum-operated [[Servomechanism|servos]] and reservoirs, with associated plumbing and linkage, or electric [[Electric motor|motors]], [[gear]]trains and linkages to raise the lamps to an exact position to assure correct aiming despite ice, snow, and age. Some hidden headlamp designs, such as those on the [[Saab Sonett]] III, used a lever-operated mechanical linkage to raise the headlamps into position.

During the 1960s and 1970s, many notable sports cars used this feature such as the [[Chevrolet Corvette (C3)]], [[Ferrari Berlinetta Boxer]] and [[Lamborghini Countach]] as they allowed low bonnet lines but raised the lights to the required height, but since 2004 no modern volume-produced car models use hidden headlamps because they present difficulties in complying with pedestrian-protection provisions added to [[World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations|international auto safety regulations]] regarding protuberances on car bodies to minimize injury to pedestrians struck by cars.<ref name=Slate2013/>

Some hidden headlamps themselves do not move, but rather are covered when not in use by panels designed to blend in with the car's styling. When the lamps are switched on, the covers are swung out of the way, usually downward or upward, for example on the 1992 [[Jaguar XJ220]]. The door mechanism may be actuated by [[manifold vacuum|vacuum]] pots, as on some [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] vehicles of the late 1960s through early 1980s such as the 1967–1970 [[Mercury Cougar]], or by an electric motor as on various Chrysler products of the middle 1960s through late 1970s such as the 1966–1967 [[Dodge Charger (B-body)|Dodge Charger]].