Editing HyperCard (section)

==Applications==
HyperCard has been used for a range of hypertext and artistic purposes. Before the advent of [[Microsoft PowerPoint|PowerPoint]], HyperCard was often used as a general-purpose presentation program. Examples of HyperCard applications include simple databases, "[[Choose Your Own Adventure|choose your own adventure]]"-type games, and educational teaching aids.

Due to its rapid application design facilities, HyperCard was also often used for prototyping applications and sometimes even for version 1.0 implementations. Inside Apple, the QuickTime team was one of HyperCard's biggest customers.

HyperCard has lower hardware requirements than [[Macromedia Director]]. Several commercial software products were created in HyperCard, most notably the original version of the graphic adventure game ''[[Myst]]'',<ref name="breen199312">{{cite magazine |url=http://www.cgwmuseum.org/galleries/index.php?year=1993&pub=2&id=113 |title=A Spectacle Not To Be Myst |magazine=Computer Gaming World |date=December 1993 |access-date=29 March 2016 |author=Breen, Christopher |pages=114, 116}}</ref> the [[Voyager Company]]'s [[Expanded Books]], multimedia CD-ROMs of [[Beethoven's Ninth Symphony CD-ROM]], ''[[A Hard Day's Night (film)|A Hard Day's Night]]'' by [[the Beatles]], and the Voyager ''[[MacBeth]]''. An early electronic edition of the ''[[Whole Earth Catalog]]'' was implemented in HyperCard.<ref name=mania>''[https://archive.org/details/CC501_hypercard HyperCard Mania!]''. [[Computer Chronicles]], 1987. [[Stewart Cheifet]] Productions (archive.org)</ref> and stored on CD-ROM.<ref>''[http://wholeearth.com/issue/1290/article/342/a.brief.history.of.the.whole.earth.catalog A Brief History of The Whole Earth Catalog] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307203711/http://wholeearth.com/issue/1290/article/342/a.brief.history.of.the.whole.earth.catalog |date=March 7, 2021 }}'', Whole Earth</ref>

The prototype and demo of the popular game ''[[You Don't Know Jack (1995 video game)|You Don't Know Jack]]'' was written in HyperCard.<ref>{{cite web|title=You Don't Know Jack For Macintosh (1995)|url=http://www.mobygames.com/game/you-dont-know-jack|website=MobyGames|access-date=23 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Apple HyperCard: Precursor to the First Web Browser|url=http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2dv0nd_apple-hypercard-precursor-to-the-first-web-browser_news|website=DailyMotion|date=January 2, 2015 |publisher=FORA.TV|access-date=23 January 2016}}</ref> The French auto manufacturer [[Renault]] used it to control their inventory system.<ref name=wired>{{Citation |first= Leander |last= Kahney |url= https://www.wired.com/gadgets/mac/commentary/cultofmac/2002/08/54365 |title= HyperCard Forgotten, but Not Gone |newspaper= Wired |date= August 14, 2002 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100206164413/http://www.wired.com/gadgets/mac/commentary/cultofmac/2002/08/54365 |archive-date= 2010-02-06}}</ref><ref name=itworld>{{Citation |url= http://www.itworld.com/offbeat/81942/ahead-their-time-nine-technologies-came-early?page=0,3 |newspaper= IT World |title= Ahead of their time: Nine technologies that came early |date= October 26, 2009 |access-date= December 6, 2010 |archive-date= August 9, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200809084821/https://www.computerworld.com/ |url-status= dead }}</ref>

In Quebec, Canada, HyperCard was used to control a robot arm used to insert and retrieve [[Video CD|video disks]] at the [[National Film Board of Canada|National Film Board]] CinéRobothèque.

In 1989, Hypercard was used to control the BBC Radiophonic Workshop Studio Network, using a single Macintosh.<ref>{{cite journal | url=http://www.muzines.co.uk/articles/midi-futures-at-the-bbc/4493 | title=MIDI Futures at the BBC (SOS Feb 1989) | journal=Sound on Sound | date=February 1989 | issue=Feb 1989 | pages=48–54 | last1=Elen | first1=Richard }}</ref>

HyperCard was used to prototype a fully functional prototype of SIDOCI (one of the first experiments in the world to develop an integrated [[electronic patient record]] system) and was heavily used by Montréal Consulting firm DMR to demonstrate what "a typical day in the life of a patient about to get surgery" would look like in a paperless age.

[[Activision]], which was until then mainly a game company, saw HyperCard as an entry point into the business market. Changing its name to Mediagenic, it published several major HyperCard-based applications, most notably [[Danny Goodman]]'s Focal Point,<ref name=mania /> a personal information manager, and Reports For HyperCard, a program by Nine To Five Software that allows users to treat HyperCard as a full database system with robust information viewing and printing features.

The HyperCard-inspired [[SuperCard]] for a while included the ''Roadster'' plug-in that allowed stacks to be placed inside web pages and viewed by [[web browser]]s with an appropriate browser plug-in. There was even a Windows version of this plug-in allowing computers other than Macintoshes to use the plug-in.

===Exploits===
The first HyperCard virus was discovered in Belgium and the Netherlands in April 1991.<ref>{{cite news|work= MacWEEK|title= Latest Mac viral infection hits the stacks: HyperCard affliction turns up in Europe (includes related article on forms virus attacks take)|date= April 16, 1991}}</ref>

Because HyperCard executed scripts in stacks immediately on opening, it was also one of the first applications susceptible to [[Macro virus (computing)|macro viruses]]. The Merryxmas virus was discovered in early 1993<ref>{{Citation |url= http://www.umich.edu/~archive/mac/util/virus/00index.txt |publisher= University of Michigan |type= list |title= Antivirus software for Macintosh |access-date= March 18, 2010}} includes<code>/mac/util/virus/merryxmaskiller.sit.hqx 8 4/27/93  BinHex4.0,StuffIt3.50 Eliminate a script-based virus called "merryxmas." Requires HyperCard 2.0.</code></ref> by Ken Dunham, two years before the ''Concept'' virus.<ref>{{Citation|place=[[Canada|CA]] |publisher=UQAM |url=http://pan.uqam.ca/pan/pmwiki.php/HyperCard/FAQ048 |contribution=HyperCard |title=Pantechnicon |type=wiki |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060926162730/http://pan.uqam.ca/pan/pmwiki.php/HyperCard/FAQ048 |archive-date=September 26, 2006 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Very few viruses were based on HyperCard, and their overall impact was minimal.