Editing Hypericum perforatum (section)

==Distribution and habitat==
===Distribution===
[[File:Hypericum perforatum distribution.png|thumb|upright=1.5|Country-level distribution of ''Hypericum perforatum'', based on data from the [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]]]

''Hypericum perforatum'' is thought to be native to every nation in Europe, and is only absent from the far north such as north European Russia and [[Svalbard]]. It grows in parts of North Africa and is native to Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Sudan.<ref name="POWO">{{cite POWO |id=433719-1 |title=''Hypericum perforatum'' L. |access-date=1 August 2023}}</ref>

In the [[Arabian Peninsula]] it only grows in parts of Saudi Arabia. It is present and native to all of the Western Asia [[Phytogeography|phytogeographic]] region from the [[Aegean Islands]] and Turkey to Israel and Palestine in the west to Afghanistan in the east, only being absent from the [[Sinai Peninsula]]. Just to the east of this area it is also native to Pakistan and the western Himalaya region of India.<ref name="POWO" />

In the temperate parts of Asia, ''Hypericum perforatum'' is mostly absent from Siberia with the exception of [[Western Siberia]], the [[Altai Region]], and the warmest parts of [[Krasnoyarsk Krai]]. It has also been introduced to [[Irkutsk Oblast|Irkutsk]] and [[Buryatia]]. It is a native part of the flora of Central Asia, growing in all the former [[Republics of the Soviet Union|Soviet republics]]. It also is known in almost every part of the [[Caucasus]]. In China it is native to [[Xinjiang]] (in western China), central China, and southern China, but not to Inner Mongolia, [[Manchuria]], or [[Tibet]]. In the far east of Asia it has been introduced to [[Primorye]] in Russia, Korea, and Japan.<ref name="POWO" /><ref>{{cite journal |title=''Hypericum perforatum'' L. |url=https://www.gbif.org/species/3189486 |website=GBIF Secretariat |publisher=Global Biodiversity Information Facility |access-date=1 August 2023 |language=en |doi=10.15468/39omei |date=2022 |author1=Registry-Migration.Gbif.Org }}</ref>

In North America, it is found in all of the continental US states except for [[Utah]], [[Arizona]], [[Florida]], and [[Alabama]]. It has been introduced throughout much of Canada,<ref name="USDA">{{cite usda plants|symbol=HYPE |title=Hypericum perforatum |date=1 August 2023}}</ref> as well as in [[Hawaii]], Cuba, and Haiti.<ref name="POWO" />

In South America, it is found in Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, the [[Juan Fernández Islands]], and the more [[Temperate climate|temperate]] parts of Brazil in the southeast. In the southern parts of Africa it has become established in South Africa, [[Lesotho]], and [[Réunion]]. In Australia it is found in the states of [[South Australia]], [[Tasmania]], [[Victoria (state)|Victoria]], and [[Western Australia]]. It has been introduced to both the North and South Islands of New Zealand.<ref name="POWO" />

===Habitat===
The species can be found in a variety of habitats including open woods, [[meadow]]s, grasslands, [[steppe]], riverbanks, and stony or grassy hillsides and roadsides. It prefers dry habitats or areas with strong [[drainage]].<ref name="Robson-2002" />{{rp|88}} The species thrives in areas with at least {{convert|760|mm|abbr=on}} of rainfall per year; however, its distribution is restricted by temperatures too low for seed germination or seedling survival: an absolute minimum of −3{{Nbsp}}°C or an annual average of 9{{Nbsp}}°C.<ref name="cabi">{{cite web |author1=Ian Popay |date=22 June 2015 |title=''Hypericum perforatum'' (St John's wort) |url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/28268 |access-date=2 December 2018 |publisher=CABI}}</ref> Altitudes greater than {{convert|1500|m|abbr=on}}, rainfall less than {{convert|500|mm|abbr=on}}, and daily mean temperatures greater than {{convert|24|C|F}} are also considered limiting thresholds.<ref name="BioactiveMolecules" />