Editing Lacquer (section)

==Japanning==
{{main article|Japanning}}
Just as ''china'' is a common name for [[porcelain]], ''[[japanning]]'' is an old name to describe the European technique to imitate Asian [[lacquerware]].<ref>Niimura, Noriyasu; Miyakoshi, Tetsuo (2003) "[https://archive.today/20120730013716/http://joi.jlc.jst.go.jp/JST.JSTAGE/massspec/51.439 Characterization of Natural Resin Films and Identification of Ancient Coating]". ''J. Mass Spectrom. Soc. Jpn''. 51, 440. {{doi|10.5702/massspec.51.439}}.</ref> As Asian lacquer work became popular in England, France, the Netherlands, and Spain in the 17th century, the Europeans developed imitation techniques. The European technique, which is used on furniture and other objects, uses finishes that have a resin base similar to shellac. The technique, which became known as japanning, involves applying several coats of varnish which are each heat-dried and polished. In the 18th century, japanning gained a large popular following. Although traditionally a pottery and wood coating, japanning was the popular (mostly black) coating of the accelerating metalware industry. By the twentieth century, the term was freely applied to coatings based on various [[varnishes]] and lacquers besides the traditional shellac.