Editing Line of Actual Control (section)

=== List of numbered patrol points ===

India has 65 patrolling points in [[Geography of Ladakh|Eastern Ladakh]], from Karakoram Pass to [[Chumar]]. Patrolling points are not the limits of Indian claim, because Indian claim extends beyond these patrolling points. These patrolling points were set by India as the patrolling limits for the Indian Army to patrol and avoid confrontation with the PLA to maintain peace on LAC with China, which had proved to be a superior military power in 1962 border war.<ref name=cpp1>[https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/patrolling-points-do-not-define-the-indian-claim-in-east-ladakh-lac-101664165666451.html Patrolling points do not define the Indian claim in East Ladakh LAC], Hindustan Times, 26 Sept 2022.</ref> According to a 2020 report by an Indian police officer, India lost access to 26 of 65 patrolling points (PP 5–17 in Depsang Plains & Depsang Bulge including Samar Lungpa & Galwan, 24–32 in Changchenmo basin, 37 in [[Skakjung]] pasture, 51 & 52 in Demchok & Chardhing Nala, 62 in Chumar) in Ladakh due to being restricted by China.<ref name=cpp2>[https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2023/01/25/has-india-lost-26-of-65-patrolling-points-to-china-in-ladakh.html Has India lost 26 of 65 patrolling points  to China in Ladakh?], The Week, 25 Jan 2023</ref> India's opposition party Congress claims that the [[Narendra Modi]]-ruled government of India is covering up ''"territorial setbacks"'' in this area, while the ruling government has denied the charges as ''"politically motivated"''.<ref name=kak1>[https://thewire.in/security/ladakh-local-herders-clash-with-chinese-solders-over-access-to-grazing-land Ladakh: Local Herders Clash With Chinese Soldiers Over Access to Grazing Land], The Wire, 30 Jan 2024.</ref>

Listed by the mountain ranges.

* [[Karakoram range]]: two important subranges in disputed area are Changchenmo Range and Pangong Range as below.<ref name=chapk3>[https://theprint.in/opinion/if-india-loses-grip-on-kailash-range-pla-will-make-sure-we-never-get-it-back/542327/?amp If India loses grip on Kailash Range, PLA will make sure we never get it back], The Print, 12 November 2020.</ref>
** [[Changchenmo Range]] - a subrange of Karakoram range.<ref name=chapk3/>
*** PP1 to PP3 —  near the [[Karakoram Pass]]<ref name="DC India deploys">{{Cite web |date=2020-08-04 |agency=ANI |title=India deploys troops and tanks in Ladakh to counter Chinese deployment |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/040820/india-deploys-tank-regiments-in-ladakh-to-counter-chinese-troop-deploy.html |website=Deccan Chronicle }}</ref>
*** PP4 to PP9 — in [[Depsang Plains|Depsang plains]].
*** PP10 to PP13 including PP11A — in the [[Depsang Bulge]] from Y-Junction to Raki Nala (PP10), Y-Junction to Jivan Nala (PP13), and in between these two.<ref name="IE patrolling points" /><ref name="DC India deploys" />
*** PP14 — in [[Galwan Valley]],<ref name="IE patrolling points" /> a mutually agreed before zone has been created due to which India is unable to access this PP.<ref name=cpp3>[https://theprint.in/defence/5-maps-that-tell-you-all-you-want-to-know-about-india-vs-china-in-ladakh/507289/ 5 maps that tell you all you want to know about India vs China in Ladakh], The Print, 23 Sept 2020.</ref>
*** PP15 — on the watershed between [[Kugrang River|Kugrang]] and [[Galwan River|Galwan]] basins (called [[Jianan Pass]] by China).<ref>Lt. Gen. H. S. Panag, [https://theprint.in/opinion/india-chinas-stand-on-hot-springs-has-2-sticking-points-chang-chenmo-1959-claim-line/915614/ India, China’s stand on Hot Springs has 2 sticking points — Chang Chenmo, 1959 Claim Line] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702213746/https://theprint.in/opinion/india-chinas-stand-on-hot-springs-has-2-sticking-points-chang-chenmo-1959-claim-line/915614/ |date=2 July 2022 }}, The Print, 14 April 2022.</ref>
*** PP16, PP17 and PP17A — [[Kugrang River|Kugrang River Valley]], the last near [[Gogra, Ladakh|Gogra]]<ref name="Joshi Fig. 2">{{harvp|Joshi, Eastern Ladakh|2021|loc=p.11, Fig. 2}}</ref>
*** PP18 to PP23 — southeast of Gogra, from the Silung Barma (Chang Chenmo River tributary) towards [[Pangong Tso]]
** [[Pangong Range]], a sub range of Karakoram Range,<ref name=chapk3/> runs from Chushul along southern shore of Panggong Tso on India-China LAC.
*** PP24 to PP?
* [[Kailash Range]]
** PP35 to PP37 —  in Skakjung pasture & near China-administered [[Dumchele]].<ref name=kak1/> There have been several incursions by the China in this area. Due to the different perception of the border India and China and continuing Chinese incursions in [[Chushul]], [[Chumur]], [[Dungti]],<!--NOTE: retain the red link to encourage article creation.--> [[Phobrang]], and [[Demchok, Ladakh|Demchok]] has adversely affected the life of local [[Changpa]] nomadic herders.<ref name=kak1/><ref name=Stobdan>{{Cite web|last=Stobdan|first=P.|author-link=Phunchok Stobdan|date=26 April 2013|title=The Ladakh drift|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/the-ladakh-drift/1107668/2|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-10-30|website=archive.indianexpress.com}}</ref>
* [[Demchok sector]]: Demchok and Chardhing Nala
** PP 38 to ?.
* Chumar Range: 
** PP61? in Nilung Nala.
** PP 62 to 65 in Chumar sector.<ref name=cpp4>[https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/chinese-troops-make-2-incursion-attempts-in-ladakh/story-UneBzvzGVV48rI3Qn3leJL.html Chinese troops make 2 incursion attempts in Ladakh], Hindustan Times, 26 Jul 2014.</ref>