Editing Lockheed YF-22 (section)

=== F-22 production ===
{{Main|Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor}}
[[File:F-22 Raptor resumes flight testing - 030328-F-0000C-001.jpg|thumb|F/A-22 Raptor test and training flight operations resumed here March 22 after a brief delay following a nose-gear-retraction incident in 2003.]]

As the Lockheed team won the ATF competition, it was awarded the full-scale development, or [[Manufacturing readiness level#Definitions|Engineering & Manufacturing Development]] (EMD) contract in August 1991 initially worth about $11&nbsp;billion (~${{Format price|{{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=11000000000|start_year=1991}}}} in {{Inflation/year|US-GDP}}), which would ultimately allow it to proceed with production of operational aircraft. The EMD/production design would be further refined and evolve into Configuration 645.<ref name="Hehs1998P2"/> The EMD initially called for seven single-seat F-22A and two twin-seat F-22Bs, although the latter was eventually canceled to save on development costs and the orders were converted to single-seaters. On 9&nbsp;April&nbsp;1997, the first of these, ''Spirit of America'', was rolled out. During the ceremony, the F-22 was officially named "Raptor". Due to limited funding, the first flight, which had previously been scheduled for mid-1996, occurred on 7&nbsp;September 1997.<ref name="Will pp. 6–7"/> Flight testing for the F-22 continued until 2005, and on 15&nbsp;December&nbsp;2005 the USAF announced that the Raptor had reached its [[initial operational capability]] (IOC); with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the Department of Defense focused on counterinsurgency at that time, F-22 production only reached 195 aircraft — 187 of them operational models — and ended in 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.af.mil/News/story/storyID/123013572/ |title=F-22A Raptor goes operational |work=U.S. Air Force |date=15 December 2005 |access-date=24 June 2011 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120723113239/http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?storyID=123013572 |archive-date=23 July 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="combataircraft">Parsons, Gary. [http://www.combataircraft.net/view_article.asp?ID=4994 "Final F-22 Delivered"]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313044134/http://www.combataircraft.net/view_article.asp?id=4994|date=13 March 2016}}. ''Combat Aircraft Monthly'', 3 May 2012. Retrieved 10 April 2014.</ref>

In many respects, the YF-22s were different from EMD/production F-22s as the design progressed from relatively immature Configuration 632/1132 to the final Configuration 645. Contrary to the [[Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk|F-117 Nighthawk]], which was initially difficult to control because of small [[vertical stabilizer]]s, the YF-22 had its fin area over-specified by Lockheed. Therefore, the company reduced the size of those on F-22s by 20–30 percent. Lockheed and its partners recontoured the shape of the wing and [[stabilator]] trailing edges to improve aerodynamics, strength, and stealth characteristics; the wing and stabilitor sweep was reduced by 6° from 48°. The shapes of the [[radome]] and fuselage were changed to improve radar performance and aerodynamics. The dedicated airbrake was eliminated in favor of feathering control surfaces using the control laws. The systems arrangement and structural design were refined. Finally, to improve pilot visibility, the canopy was moved forward {{convert|178|mm|in|0|order=flip}}, and the engine inlets were moved rearward {{convert|356|mm|in|0|order=flip}}.<ref>Williams 2002, p. 5.</ref><ref>Pace 1999, pp.&nbsp;12–13.</ref><ref name="Hehs1998P2"/>