Editing Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (section)

==== Psychopathic Deviate ====
This scale comes from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2), where 50 statements compose the Psychopathic Deviate subscale. The 50 statements must be answered in true or false format as applied to one's self.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Skeem|first1=Jennifer L.|last2=Polaschek|first2=Devon L. L.|last3=Patrick|first3=Christopher J.|last4=Lilienfeld|first4=Scott O.|date=December 2011|title=Psychopathic Personality: Bridging the Gap Between Scientific Evidence and Public Policy|url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1529100611426706|journal=Psychological Science in the Public Interest|language=en|volume=12|issue=3|pages=95–162|doi=10.1177/1529100611426706|pmid=26167886|s2cid=8521465|issn=1529-1006|url-access=subscription}}</ref>

The Psychopathic Deviate scale measures general social maladjustment and the absence of strongly pleasant experiences. The items on this scale tap into complaints about family and authority figures in general, self-alienation, social alienation and boredom.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Psychopathic Deviate Scale (PD)|url=https://arc.psych.wisc.edu/self-report/psychopathic-deviate-scale-pd/|access-date=2021-07-08|website=Addiction Research Center|language=en-US}}</ref>

When diagnosing psychopathy, the MMPI-2's Psychopathic Deviate scale is considered one of the traditional personality tests that contain subscales relating to psychopathy, though they assess relatively non-specific tendencies towards antisocial or criminal behavior.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-05-17|title=Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)|url=https://psychcentral.com/lib/minnesota-multiphasic-personality-inventory-mmpi|access-date=2021-07-08|website=Psych Central|language=en}}</ref>