Editing Network congestion (section)

====Random early detection====
One solution is to use [[random early detection]] (RED) on the network equipment's egress queue.<ref name="FloydRED">[http://www.icir.org/floyd/red.html Sally Floyd: RED (Random Early Detection) Queue Management]</ref><ref>Sally Floyd, Van Jacobson. [http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/462978.html Random Early Detection Gateways for Congestion Avoidance] (1993). ''IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking'', vol.1(4): pp.397&ndash;413. Invented Random Early Detection (RED) gateways.</ref> On [[networking hardware]] ports with more than one egress queue, [[weighted random early detection]] (WRED) can be used.

RED indirectly signals TCP sender and receiver by dropping some packets, e.g. when the average queue length is more than a threshold (e.g. 50%) and deletes [[linear]]ly or [[Cubic function|cubically]] more packets,<ref>{{citation |title=An Analytical RED Function Design Guaranteeing Stable System Behavior |citeseerx = 10.1.1.105.5995|quote=...The advantage of this function lies not only in avoiding heavy oscillations but also in avoiding link under-utilization at low loads. The applicability of the derived function is independent of the load range, no parameters are to be adjusted. Compared to the original linear drop function applicability is extended by far...Our example with realistic system parameters gives an approximation function of the cubic of the queue size...}}</ref> up to e.g. 100%, as the queue fills further.