Editing Oil-for-Food Programme (section)

===Duelfer Report===
The [[Iraq Survey Group]], which was tasked with finding evidence of [[weapons of mass destruction]] in Iraq, found that OFF saved the Iraqi economy from decline after the imposition of sanctions. Furthermore, the Iraqi regime found that it could corrupt OFF to get [[hard currency]] that could be used to manipulate the Iraq Sanctions Committee and undermine sanctions as well as to obtain more weapons.<ref>Duelfer, vol. 1, ch. "Regime Strategic Intent", p. 1.</ref>

The final official version of the Iraq Survey Group report, known as the Duelfer Report, cited only France, Russia and China (countries who were also strongly anti-war) as violators who paid kickbacks.{{citation needed|date=November 2011}} According to the report, the top three recipients of oil included Russia (30%), France (15%), and China (10%), which are all members of the UN Security Council.<ref>Duelfer, vol. 1, ch. "Regime Finance and Procurement", p. 31.</ref> The US received 2–3% of the oil.<ref name=otterman>{{cite web|last=Otterman|first=Sharon|title=IRAQ: Oil for Food Scandal|url=http://www.cfr.org/un/iraq-oil-food-scandal/p7631|work=Council on Foreign Relations|access-date=2 November 2011|date=28 October 2005|archive-date=3 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111203221649/http://www.cfr.org/un/iraq-oil-food-scandal/p7631|url-status=dead}}</ref> US recipients included [[ExxonMobil]], [[ChevronTexaco Corp.]] and the [[El Paso Corp.]]<ref name=bravin2004>{{cite news|last=Bravin|first=Jess|title=Iraq Oil-for-Food Probe Hits U.S. --- Exxon, Chevron and El Paso Are Named in CIA Report on Hussein-Era Program|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|date=11 October 2004|author2=John D. McKinnon|author3=Russell Gold|location=New York}}</ref>{{verify source|date=November 2011}} The list of US companies was originally censored by CIA lawyers, citing privacy issues,<ref name=lane2004>{{cite news|last=Lane|first=Charles|title=Privacy Act, Order Shielded U.S. Names on List|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A16201-2004Oct7.html|access-date=2 November 2011|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=8 October 2004|author-link=Charles Lane (journalist) |page=A30}}</ref> but was later leaked.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Nationality of<br />recipients !! Oil received<br />(% of total volume)
|-
|{{flag|Russia}}
|30
|-
|{{flag|France}}
|15
|-
|{{flag|China}}
|10
|-
|{{flag|Switzerland}}
|6
|-
|{{flag|Malaysia}}
|5
|-
|{{flag|Syria}}
|6
|-
|{{flag|Jordan}}
|4
|-
|{{flag|Egypt}}
|4
|-
|Other (inc. US)
|20
|}

On 5 June 2007, the German chapter of the anti-corruption organisation [[Transparency International]] (TI) lodged a complaint with the German [[Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy]] (BMWi) against 57 German companies for allegedly paying $11.9m in kickbacks in the United Nations' Oil for Food Programme in Iraq.