Editing Old Hungarian script (section)

== Characters ==
The runic alphabet included 42 letters. As in the Old Turkic script, some consonants had two forms, one to be used with back vowels (a, á, o, ó, u, ú) and another for front vowels (e, é, i, í, ö, ő, ü, ű). The names of the consonants are always pronounced with a vowel. In the old alphabet, the consonant-vowel order is reversed, unlike today's pronunciation (''ep'' rather than ''pé''). This is because the oldest inscriptions lacked vowels and were rarely written down, similar to other ancient languages' consonant-writing systems (Arabic, Hebrew, Aramaic, etc.). The alphabet did not contain letters for the phonemes dz and dzs of modern Hungarian, since these are relatively recent developments in the language's history. Nor did it have letters corresponding to the Latin q, w, x and y. The modern revitalization movement has created symbols for these; in Unicode encoding, they are represented as ligatures.

For more information about the transliteration's pronunciation, see [[Hungarian alphabet]].

{| class="wikitable"
! Letter
! Name
! [[Phoneme]] ([[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]])
! Old Hungarian (image)
! Old Hungarian (Unicode)
|-
| [[A]]
| a
| {{IPA|/ɒ/}}
| [[Image:A (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲀 𐳀}}
|-
| [[Á]]
| á
| {{IPA|/aː/}}
| [[Image:Á (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲁 𐳁}}
|-
| [[B]]
| eb
| {{IPA|/b/}}
| [[Image:B (rovásbetű).svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲂 𐳂}}
|-
| [[C]]
| ec
| {{IPA|/ts/}}
| [[Image:C (rovásbetű).svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲄 𐳄}}
|-
| [[hungarian cs|Cs]]
| ecs
| {{IPA|/tʃ/}}
| [[Image:CS (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲆 𐳆}}
|-
| [[D]]
| ed
| {{IPA|/d/}}
| [[Image:D (rovásbetű).svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲇 𐳇}}
|-
| [[hungarian dz|(Dz)]]
| dzé
| {{IPA|/dz/}}
| [[Image:Dz (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| Ligature of {{Script|Hung|𐲇}} and {{Script|Hung|𐲯}}
|-
| [[hungarian dzs|(Dzs)]]
| dzsé
| {{IPA|/dʒ/}}
| [[Image:DZS (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| Ligature of {{Script|Hung|𐲇}} and {{Script|Hung|𐲰}}
|-
| [[E]]
| e
| {{IPA|/ɛ/}}
| [[Image:E (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲉 𐳉}}
|-
| [[É]]
| é
| {{IPA|/eː/}}
| [[Image:É (rovásbetű) JB.svg|12px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲋 𐳋}}
|-
| [[F]]
| ef
| {{IPA|/f/}}
| [[Image:F (rovásbetű).svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲌 𐳌}}
|-
| [[G]]
| eg
| {{IPA|/ɡ/}}
| [[Image:G (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲍 𐳍}}
|-
| [[hungarian gy|Gy]]
| egy
| {{IPA|/ɟ/}}
| [[Image:Gy (rovásbetű).svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲎 𐳎}}
|-
| [[H]]
| eh
| {{IPA|/h/}}
| [[Image:H (rovásbetű).svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲏 𐳏}}
|-
| [[I]]
| i
| {{IPA|/i/}}
| [[Image:I (rovásbetű) JB.svg|12px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲐 𐳐}}
|-
| [[Í]]
| í
| {{IPA|/iː/}}
| [[Image:Í (rovásbetű) JB.svg|12px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲑 𐳑}}
|-
| [[J]]
| ej
| {{IPA|/j/}}
| [[Image:J (rovásbetű) JB.svg|12px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲒 𐳒}}
|-
| [[K]]
| ek
| {{IPA|/k/}}
| [[Image:K (rovásbetű).svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲓 𐳓}}
|-
| [[K]]
| ak
| {{IPA|/k/}}
| [[Image:K-ak-(rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲔 𐳔}}
|-
| [[L]]
| el
| {{IPA|/l/}}
| [[Image:L (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲖 𐳖}}
|-
| [[Hungarian ly|Ly]]
| elly, el-ipszilon
| {{IPA|/j/}}
| [[Image:LY (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲗 𐳗}}
|-
| [[M]]
| em
| {{IPA|/m/}}
| [[Image:M (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲘 𐳘}}
|-
| [[N]]
| en
| {{IPA|/n/}}
| [[Image:N (rovásbetű) JB.svg|12px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲙 𐳙}}
|-
| [[Hungarian ny|Ny]]
| eny
| {{IPA|/ɲ/}}
| [[Image:Ny (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲚 𐳚}}
|-
| [[O]]
| o
| {{IPA|/o/}}
| [[Image:O (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲛 𐳛}}
|-
| [[Ó]]
| ó
| {{IPA|/oː/}}
| [[Image:Ó (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲜 𐳜}}
|-
| [[Ö]]
| ö
| {{IPA|/ø/}}
| [[Image:Ö (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲝 𐳝 𐲞 𐳞}}
|-
| [[double acute accent|Ő]]
| ő
| {{IPA|/øː/}}
| [[Image:Ő (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲟 𐳟}}
|-
| [[P]]
| ep
| {{IPA|/p/}}
| [[Image:P (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲠 𐳠}}
|-
| ([[Q]])
| eq
| ({{IPA|/kv/}})
| [[Image:Q (rovásbetű).svg|14px]]
| Ligature of {{Script|Hung|𐲓}} and {{Script|Hung|𐲮}}
|-
| [[R]]
| er
| {{IPA|/r/}}
| [[Image:R (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲢 𐳢}}
|-
| [[S]]
| es
| {{IPA|/ʃ/}}
| [[Image:S (rovásbetű).svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲤 𐳤}}
|-
| [[Hungarian sz|Sz]]
| esz
| {{IPA|/s/}}
| [[Image:Sz (rovásbetű).svg|6px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲥 𐳥}}
|-
| [[T]]
| et
| {{IPA|/t/}}
| [[Image:T (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲦 𐳦}}
|-
| [[Hungarian ty|Ty]]
| ety
| {{IPA|/c/}}
| [[Image:Ty (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲨 𐳨}}
|-
| [[U]]
| u
| {{IPA|/u/}}
| [[Image:U (rovásbetű).svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲪 𐳪}}
|-
| [[Ú]]
| ú
| {{IPA|/uː/}}
| [[Image:Ú (rovásbetű).svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲫 𐳫}}
|-
| [[Ü]]
| ü
| {{IPA|/y/}}
| [[Image:Ü (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]] [[Image:Ü-zárt (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲬 𐳬}}
|-
| [[double acute accent|Ű]]
| ű
| {{IPA|/yː/}}
| [[Image:Ű (rovásbetű).svg|14px]] [[Image:Ű-nyílt (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲭 𐳭}}
|-
| [[V]]
| ev
| {{IPA|/v/}}
| [[Image:V (rovásbetű).svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲮 𐳮}}
|-
| ([[W]])
| dupla vé
| {{IPA|/v/}}
| [[Image:W (rovásbetű).svg|14px]]
| Ligature of {{Script|Hung|𐲮}} and {{Script|Hung|𐲮}}
|-
| ([[X]])
| iksz
| ({{IPA|/ks/}})
| [[Image:X (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| Ligature of {{Script|Hung|𐲓}} and {{Script|Hung|𐲥}}
|-
| ([[Y]])
| ipszilon
| {{IPA|/i/ ~ /j/}}
| [[Image:Y (rovásbetű) JB.svg|12px]]
| Ligature of {{Script|Hung|𐲐}} and {{Script|Hung|𐲒}}
|-
| [[Z]]
| ez
| {{IPA|/z/}}
| [[Image:Z (rovásbetű) JB.svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲯 𐳯}}
|-
| [[Hungarian zs|Zs]]
| ezs
| {{IPA|/ʒ/}}
| [[Image:Zs (rovásbetű).svg|14px]]
| {{Script|Hung|𐲰 𐳰}}
|}

The Old Hungarian runes also include some non-alphabetical runes which are not ligatures but separate signs. These are identified in some sources as "{{lang|la|capita dictionum}}" (likely a misspelling of {{lang|la|capita dicarum}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rovasirasforrai.hu/Rovasiras/Csudabogarak.htm |title=Rovásírás ROVÁSÍRÁS Csudabogarak |access-date=2017-09-24 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150428003309/http://www.rovasirasforrai.hu/Rovasiras/Csudabogarak.htm |archive-date=2015-04-28 }}</ref>). Further research is needed to define their origin and traditional usage. Some common examples are:
*TPRUS: [[Image:Szekely-Hungarian Rovas letter TPRUS.svg|14px]]
*ENT: [[Image:Szekely-Hungarian Rovas letter ENT.svg|14px]] {{Script|Hung|𐲧 𐳧}}
*TPRU: [[Image:Szekely-Hungarian Rovas letter TPRU.svg|16px]]
*NAP: [[Image:Szekely-Hungarian Rovas letter NAP.svg|16px]]
*EMP: [[Image:Szekely-Hungarian Rovas letter EMP.svg|16px]] {{Script|Hung|𐲡 𐳡}}
*UNK: [[Image:Szekely-Hungarian Rovas letter UNK.svg|16px]] {{Script|Hung|𐲕 𐳕}}
*US: [[Image:Szekely-Hungarian Rovas letter US.png|14px]] {{Script|Hung|𐲲 𐳲}}
*AMB: [[Image:Szekely-Hungarian Rovas letter AMB.svg|16px]] {{Script|Hung|𐲃 𐳃}}