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Polabian language
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====Feminine nouns==== There are three types of declension of feminine nouns. The first includes nouns with endings ''-o'' or ''-ă'' in the nominative singular case: ''bobo'' (“woman”), ''zenă'' (“wife”, “woman”). The second ends in ''-åi̯'', ''-ĕ'', or ''-ai̯'': ''motai̯'' (“mother”), ''bant'åi̯'' (“bench”). The third has a zero ending: ''vås'' (“louse”), ''t’üst'' (“bone”), ''vas'' (“village”).{{sfn|Polański|2010|pp=106—112}} Within the singular, the following can be seen: * Feminine nouns in the nominative singular end in ''-o''/''-ă'' (the reduced vowel ''-ă'' is marked in an unstressed position), or ''-åi̯''/''-ĕ'' (the presence of a full or reduced form also depends on the place of stress in the word), ''-ai̯'' (except ''motai̯'' ( “mother”) all words with this ending in Polabian are borrowings from Middle Low German) and ''-Ø'' (null morpheme). * Feminine nouns in the genitive singular are characterized by the endings ''-ai̯''/''-ĕ'' (for nouns with endings ''-o''/''-ă'' in the nominative case): ''slåmåi̯'' (“straw”), ''pöl t'üpĕ'' (“half a pile”, “thirty”); ''-ă''/''ai̯'' ''zimă'' (“near the ground”), ''viz viză'' (“from the house”), there are no examples with a full vowel in the ending for this group of nouns; ''-i'' (for nouns ending with a consonant in the nominative case): ''råzi'' (“rye”), ''süli'' (“salt”); ''-vĕ'' (only one example of a noun form with this ending has been preserved): ''ai̯ kokvĕ'' (“at the pillory”). * Feminine nouns in the dative singular take the ending ''-e''/''-ă'': ''kå stărne'' (“on the side”, “to the side”) and ''-ai̯'': ''kå zimai̯'' (“to the ground”). * Feminine nouns in the accusative singular end in ''-ǫ'': ''korvǫ'' (“cow”); ''-ą''/''-ă'': ''no zimą'' (“on the ground”), ''zo nidelă'' (“per week”); and ''-Ø'' (for nouns ending in consonant in the nominative case): ''t'üst'' (“bone”), ''vas'' (“village”). * Feminine nouns in the instrumental singular only have one ending, ''-ą'': ''så lüdą'' (“by boat”), ''püd zimą'' (“underground”), ''så pąstą'' (“fist”). * Feminine nouns in the prepositional singular have endings ''-ă'': ''vå vidă'' (“in the water”); and -ĕ: ''no storně'' (“on the side”), ''no zimĕ'' (“on the ground”), ''vå vizĕ'' (“in the house”). Within the plural, the following can be seen: * Feminine nouns in the nominative and accusative plural are syncretic and take the endings ''-åi̯'': ''sestråi̯'' (“sisters”); ''-e''/''-ă'': ''vüce'' (“sheep”), ''nidelă'' (“weeks”); ''-ai̯''/''-ĕ'': ''golǫzai̯'' (“branches”), ''t’üstai̯''/''t’üstĕ'' (“bones”); and ''-våi̯'': ''grai̯svåi̯'' (“pears”). Within the dual, the following can be seen: * Feminine nouns in the nominative and accusative dual are syncretic and take the ending ''-e'': ''rǫce'' ("two hands/arms"), ''nüʒe'' ("two feet/legs"). * Feminine nouns in the genitive dual are syncretic with the genitive plural: ''ai̯ dåvüх grau̯k'' (“at two pears”). * Feminine nouns in the dative and instrumental dual are syncretic and are characterized by the ending ''-omă'', only one such noun form is attested: ''så rǫkomă'' (“with two hands”). {| | {| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse;text-align: center;" ! style="width:100px" |Case ! style="width:280px" colspan="3" |Singular |- ! Nominative | ''-o'' : ''-ă'', ''-åi̯'', ''-Ø'', ''-ai̯'' |- ! Genitive | ''-åi̯'' : ''-ĕ'', ''-ă'', ''-i'', ''-vĕ'' |- ! Dative | ''-e'' : ''-ă'', ''-ai̯'' |- ! Accusative | ''-ǫ'', ''-ą'' : ''-ă'', ''-Ø'' |- ! Instrumental | ''-ǫ'', ''-ą'' : ''-ă'' |- ! Prepositional | ''-e'' : ''-ă'', ''-ĕ'' |} |valign="top"| {| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse;text-align: center;" ! style="width:100px" |Case ! style="width:180px" |Plural ! style="width:180px" |Dual |- ! Nominative | ''-åi̯'': ''-ĕ'', ''-ai̯'' : ''-ĕ'', ''-e'' : ''-ă'', ''-våi̯'' | ''-e'' |- ! Genitive | ''-Ø'' | ''–'' |- ! Dative | ''-ăm'' | ''-omă'' |- ! Accusative |colspan="3" |= {{sc|nom}} |- ! Instrumental | ''-omĕ'' | ''-omă'' |- ! Prepositional |colspan="3" | ''–'' |} |}
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