Editing Restoration Movement (section)

==Merger of the Stone and Campbell movements==
The Campbell movement was characterized by a "systematic and rational reconstruction" of the early church, in contrast to the Stone movement which was characterized by radical freedom and lack of dogma.{{Sfn | Allen | Hughes | 1988 | pp = 106–8}} Despite their differences, the two movements agreed on several critical issues.{{Sfn | Allen | Hughes | 1988 | p = 108}} Both saw restoring apostolic Christianity as a means of hastening the millennium.{{Sfn | Allen | Hughes | 1988 | p = 108}} Both also saw restoring the early church as a route to Christian freedom.{{Sfn | Allen | Hughes | 1988 | p = 108}} And both believed that unity among Christians could be achieved by using apostolic Christianity as a model.{{Sfn | Allen | Hughes | 1988 | p = 108}} The commitment of both movements to restoring the early church and to uniting Christians was enough to motivate a union between many in the two movements.<ref name= "Hughes and Roberts, 2001" />{{rp |8, 9}}

[[File:SMITH Raccoon John.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|[[John Smith (Restoration movement)|"Raccoon" John Smith]]]]
The Stone and Campbell movements merged in 1832.<ref name = "Redigging the Wells" />{{rp|28}}<ref name="Davis, 1915" />{{rp |116–20}}<ref name ="Garrison & DeGroot, 1948">{{Citation | last1 = Garrison | first1 = Winfred Earnest | last2 = DeGroot | first2 = Alfred T | year = 1948 | title = The Disciples of Christ, A History | place = St Louis, [[Missouri|MO]] | publisher = The Bethany Press}}.</ref>{{rp |212}}<ref name = "Encyclopedia of the Stone-Campbell Movement: Survey and Analysis">{{Harvnb | Foster | Dunnavant | Blowers | Williams | 2004 | pp = xxi, xxxvii | ps =, 'Stone-Campbell History Over Three Centuries: A Survey and Analysis', 'Introductory Chronology'}}.</ref> This was formalized at the [[Central Christian Church (Lexington, Kentucky)|Hill Street Meeting House]] in [[Lexington, Kentucky]], with a handshake between Stone and [[John Smith (Restoration Movement)|"Raccoon" John Smith]].<ref name="Davis, 1915" />{{rp |116–20}} Smith had been chosen by attendees as spokesman for the followers of the Campbells.<ref name = "Davis, 1915" />{{rp |116}} A preliminary meeting of the two groups had been held in late December 1831, culminating with the merger on January 1, 1832.<ref name= "Davis, 1915" />{{rp |116–20}}{{Sfn | Foster | Dunnavant | Blowers | Williams | 2004 | p = xxxvii | ps =, 'Introductory Chronology'}} Two representatives of the assembly were appointed to carry the news of the union to all the churches: John Rogers for the Christians and Smith for the reformers. Despite some challenges, the merger succeeded.<ref name="McAlister & Tucker, 1975" />{{rp|153–4}} Many believed the union held great promise for the future success of the combined movement and greeted the news enthusiastically.<ref name="Hughes and Roberts, 2001" />{{rp|9}}

When the two movements united, only a minority of Christians participated.{{Sfn|Foster|Dunnavant|Blowers|Williams|2004|p=190|ps=, 'Christian Connection'}} Those who did were from congregations west of the [[Appalachian Mountains]] that had come into contact with the Stone movement.{{Sfn|Foster|Dunnavant|Blowers|Williams|2004|p=190|ps=, 'Christian Connection'}} The eastern members had several key differences with the Stone and Campbell group: an emphasis on conversion experience, quarterly observance of communion, and [[nontrinitarianism]].{{Sfn|Foster|Dunnavant|Blowers|Williams|2004|p=190|ps=, 'Christian Connection'}} Those who did not unite with Campbell (the [[Christian Connection]]) merged with the [[National Council of the Congregational Churches of the United States|Congregational Churches]] in 1931 to form the [[Congregational Christian Churches]].{{Sfn|Foster|Dunnavant|Blowers|Williams|2004|p=191|ps=, 'Christian Connection'}} In 1957, the Congregational Christian Church merged with the [[Evangelical and Reformed Church]] to become the [[United Church of Christ]].{{Sfn|Foster|Dunnavant|Blowers|Williams|2004|p=191|ps=, 'Christian Connection'}}

===Genealogical chart===
{{chart top|width=100%|Genealogy of the Restoration Movement}}
{{chart/start|align=center}}
{{chart|border=0 | |ESAJ | |JOK  | | | | | | |BWS  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |TCAC | | | | | |ESAJ=[[Elias Smith]] & [[Abner Jones]] |boxstyle_ESAJ=vertical-align:bottom |JOK=[[James O'Kelly]] |boxstyle_JOK=vertical-align:bottom |BWS=[[Barton W. Stone]]|boxstyle_BWS=vertical-align:bottom  |TCAC=[[Thomas Campbell (minister)|Thomas]] & [[Alexander Campbell (minister)|Alexander Campbell]] |boxstyle_TCAC=vertical-align:bottom}}
{{chart|border=0| |NE   | |NC   | | | | | | |KY   | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |WVPA | | | | | |NE=<small>New England</small> |NC=<small>North Carolina</small> |KY=<small>Kentucky</small> |WVPA=<small>W. Virginia & Pennsylvania</small>}}
{{chart| |BAP  | |MEC  | | | | | | |PCKY | | | | | | | | | | | | | |BAP  | |APA  | | | | | |BAP=[[Baptists]] |PCKY=[[Presbyterian Church in the United States of America|Presbyterian Church in the USA]] |MEC=[[Methodist Episcopal Church|Methodist<br/>Episcopal<br/>Church]] |APA=[[First Secession|Associate Presbytery in America]]}}
{{chart| | |:| | | |:| | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |:| | | |:| | | | | | |}}
{{chart| | |:| | |RMC  | | | | | | | |:| | |CR   | | | | | | | | | | |:| | | |:| | | | | | |RMC='''Republican Methodist Church''',<br/>later '''Christians'''<br/>(1792)|CR=[[Cane Ridge Revival|Cane<br/>Ridge<br/>Revival]]<br/>(1801) |boxstyle_CR=border-width:0px}}
{{chart| | |:| | | |!|L|~|~|~|~|~|~|7|:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |:| | | |:| | | | | | |}}
{{chart| | |:| | | |!| | |RH   | | |SP   | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |:| | |CA   | |DA   | |RH=<small>Rice Haggard influences O'Kelly and subsequently Stone to use the name "Christians"</small> |boxstyle_RH=border-width:0px |SP=[[Springfield Presbytery]]<br/>(1803) |CA=[[Christian Association of Washington]]<br/>(1809) |DA=<small>''[[Declaration and Address]]''</small> |boxstyle_DA=border-width:0px}}
{{chart| | |:| | | |!| | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |d|-|-|.|!| | | | | | |}}
{{chart| |NEC  | | |!| | |CCN  | | |CST  | |LWT  | | | | | | | | | | |:| | |RBA  | |BR   | |NEC='''New England Christians'''<br/>(1801) | CCN=<small>The "Christian" movements loosely associate together around 1810</small> |boxstyle_CCN=border-width:0px |CST='''[[Christians (Stone Movement)|Christians]]'''<br/>in the West<br/>(1804) |LWT=<small>''[[s:Last Will and Testament of The Springfield Presbytery|Last Will and<br/>Testament of the<br/>Springfield<br/>Presbytery]]''</small> |boxstyle_LWT=border-width:0px |RBA=[[Redstone Baptist Association]]<br/>(1815) |BR=<small>The Campbell's [[Brush Run Church]] joins RBA</small> |boxstyle_BR=border-width:0px}}
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{{chart| | |o|P|P|P|b|P|P|CC   |P|P|P|p| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |WS   | |MBA  | |BR   | |CC='''Christian Church/<br/>Christian Connection'''<br/>(c. 1810) |WS=<small>MBA appoints [[Walter Scott (clergyman)|Walter Scott]] as evangelist<br/>(1827)</small> |boxstyle_WS=border-width:0px |MBA=[[Mahoning Baptist Association]]<br/>(1824) |BR=<small>Brush Run withdraws from RBA and joins MBA</small> |boxstyle_BR=border-width:0px}}
{{chart| | |!| | | |!| | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | |}}
{{chart| | |!| | | |!| | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |DCAM | | | | | |DCAM='''[[Disciples of Christ (Campbell Movement)|Disciples of Christ]]'''<br/>(1830)}}
{{chart| | |`|-|-|-|^|-|-|.| |F|~|~|~|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|'| | | | | | |}}
{{chart| | | | | | | | | |CC   | | |CCN  | | | | | |SC   | |RM   | |RJS  | | | | | | | | | |CCN=<small>Most Christian Churches outside of the Ohio Valley remain separate</small> |boxstyle_CCN=border-width:0px |CC='''[[Christian Connection]]''' |SC=<small>Most of Stone's Christians<br/>unite with<br/>Campbell's Disciples</small> |boxstyle_SC=border-width:0px |RM='''Restoration Movement'''<br/>(1832) |RJS=<small>[[John Smith (Restoration Movement)|"Racoon" John Smith]] represents the Disciples in merger meeting</small> |boxstyle_RJS=border-width:0px}}
{{chart| | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| | | | | | |}}
{{chart| | | | | | | | | | |!| |,|-|ACMS |-|GC   | |MS   | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | |ACMS=[[American Christian Missionary Society|ACMS]]<br/>(1849) |GC=General Convention<br/>(1849) |MS=<small>Missionary societies governed by convention form among part of the Movement</small> |boxstyle_MS=border-width:0px}}
{{chart| | | | | | | | | | |!| |!| | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | |}}
{{chart| | | | | |NC   | | |!| |!|,|CWBM |-|-|(| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | |NC=[[National Council of the Congregational Churches of the United States|Congregational<br/>Churches]] |CWBM=[[Christian Woman's Board of Missions|CWBM]]<br/>(1874)}}
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{{chart| |UCC  | | |!| | | |!| |!|!|FCMS |-|-|(| | | | | | | | | | |COCN | |COC  | | | | | |UCC=<small>Canadian Congregationalists, [[Methodist Church, Canada|Methodists]] and [[Presbyterian Church in Canada|Presbyterians]] merge</small> |boxstyle_UCC=border-width:0px |FCMS=[[Foreign Christian Missionary Society|FCMS]]<br/>(1876) |COCN=<small>Churches of Christ recognized as separate group</small> |boxstyle_COCN=border-width:0px |COC='''[[Churches of Christ]]'''<br/>(1906)}}
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{{chart| |UCCAN| | | | | |CCC  |`|-|.|!|!| |IC   | |ICN  | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | |UCCAN=[[United Church of Canada]] (1925) |CCC='''[[Congregational Christian Churches]]'''<br/>(1931) |IC=International Convention<br/>(1917) |ICN=<small>Convention reorganized; missionary societies merge soon after</small> |boxstyle_ICN=border-width:0px}}
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{{chart| | |!| | |ER   | | |!| | | |UCMS |-|'|!| | |IND  | |NACC | | | | | | |!| | | | | | |ER=[[Evangelical and Reformed Church|Evangelical<br/>and Reformed<br/>Church]]|UCMS=United Christian Missionary Society<br/>(1919) |NACC=[[North American Christian Convention]]<br/>(1926) |IND=<small>Formation of NACC starts separation of [[Christian Churches and Churches of Christ|independents]]</small> |boxstyle_IND=border-width:0px}}
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{{chart| | |!| | | | | | |UCC  | | |DEN  | |CCDOC| |DEN2 | |INDCC| | | | | | |!| | |NICOC| |UCC='''[[United Church of Christ|United<br/>Church of<br/>Christ]]'''<br/>(1957) |DEN=<small>Disciples officially organize as a denomination</small> |boxstyle_DEN=border-width:0px |CCDOC='''[[Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)|Christian Church<br/>(Disciples<br/>of Christ)]]'''<br/>(1968) |DEN2=<small>Independents withdraw from CC(DOC), recognized separately in 1971</small> |boxstyle_DEN2=border-width:0px |INDCC='''[[Christian Churches and Churches of Christ]]'''<br/>(1971) |NICOC='''[[Churches of Christ (non-institutional)|Churches of Christ<br/>(non-institutional)]]'''<br/>(c. 1960)}}
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